Pseudonemesia tabiskey, a new species of Pseudonemesia Caporiacco 1955 and new ultramorphological data for the Microstigmatinae (Araneae: Microstigmatidae) Author Rafael Prezzi Indicatti Author Osvaldo Villarreal M. text Journal of Natural History 2016 2016-07-04 50 33 2153 2167 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2016.1196297 19b7e66c-c917-4513-bd06-34dccc9fdd0a 1464-5262 165798 7A2310C6-6CC0-4391-B2AB-5DA0A2AC3574 Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ( Figures 1 – 10 , 12) Type material Male holotype ( MHNLS II – 490) from La Cristalina , near Boconó, Trujillo , Venezuela , 9° 21'21 “ N , 70°19'35 “ W , 2510 m above sea level (asl), December 2006 – March 2007 , O. Figure 1. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. (a–eι gι h) Male holotype. (aιe) palpal tibiaι cymbium and bulbι prolateral and retrolateral viewι respectively; (b–d) male palpal bulbι prolateralι dorsal and retrolateral viewsι respectively. (f) Female paratypeι spermathecaι dorsal view. (gι h) Male holotypeι tibia and metatarsi Iι retrolateral and ventral viewsι respectively. Scale bars: (a–f) = 0.25 mm; (gι h) = 0.5 mm. Villarreal M. , P. Delfín , N. Mendoza and J. Gil coll. Paratypes with the same data as holotype, female and male ( MHNLS II – 491); one male ( IBSP 115437 ). Etymology Tabiskey means ‘ the man with ten feathers ’ . It is a Cuica term to describe the leader of the people, who guided them in peace or war and had the principal rule in important decisions. He was selected from among the priest ’ s sons. Figure 2. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male (IBSP 115438). (aι b) Male palpal bulbι prolateral view; (c) palpal tibiaι cymbium and bulbι prolateral view; (d–f) cymbium; (d–e) dorsal view; (f) prolateral view. Diagnosis Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. differs from P. parva and P. kochalkai by the clavate setae on dorsal and lateral sides of the abdomen ( Figures 6 (a,b), 7(a,b), 9(b,c)). In addition, males of Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. differ from the other two species of the genus by the presence of one short and apically rounded spine located retrolaterally on tibia I ( Figures 1 (g,h), 3(a – c), 6(f)). Description Male ( holotype ). Carapace light brown with three longitudinal dark brown bands, one on each lateral side for length and one central only from eye tubercle to fovea ( Figure 6 (a)); legs yellowish dark with one subapical light brown mottles on femur I – II; femur III – IV with two, one sub-basal and one sub-apical; one basal light brown mottles on tibia, metatarsi and tarsi I – IV ( Figure 6 (a)). Cephalic and thoracic region with equal heights and more raised than eye tubercle. Abdomen dorsally dark brown ( Figure 6 (a,b)) and ventrally light yellow. Anterior and posterior book-lung apertures very small and rounded ( Figures 6 (c), 9(a)). Scaly cuticle flattened and highest at their distal ends on dorsal and lateral segments of all legs and palp ( Figures 2 (c – f), 3(a,b,d), 6(a,f)). Total length 2.73. Carapace 1.35 long, 1.20 wide. Abdomen 1.20 long, 0.73 wide. Fovea very narrow 0.12 and recurved ( Figure 6 (a)). Clypeus narrow, 0.05. Anterior eye row straight and posterior recurved ( Figure 6 (a)). Eye sizes: AME 0.11, ALE 0.08, PME 0.05 and PLE 0.07. Overall shape of eye group trapezoidal, wider than long. Chelicerae with nine teeth in one row on promargin, with ca. 15 basal smaller teeth. Rastellum absent ( Figures 6 (d), 8(a)). Cheliceral tumescence absent. Labium 0.13 long, 0.27 wide, without cuspule ( Figure 6 (d)). Cuspule on maxillae absent ( Figures 6 (d), 8(b)). Modified comb-shaped setae on prolateral maxillary border ( Figure 8 (b,d)). Serrula poorly developed with widely separated teeth and greatly flattened ( Figure 8 (c)). Sternum rounded 0.50 long, 0.70 wide ( Figure 6 (d)), domed. Sternal sigilla inconspicuous ( Figure 6 (d)). Palp measurements: femur 0.75/patella 0.50/tibia 0.52/cymbium 0.45/total 2.22; spination: femur d0-1-1-1-1-1-1, v0-1r-1r-2-2, tibia d0-1-0-0-0, v1 p-0-1r-2-1p-1-2, cymbium d2ap, p0-0- 0-1-0-0 ( Figure 2 (d – f)). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.20/patella 0.72/tibia 0.75/metatarsus 0.70/tarsus 0.40/total 3.77; II: 1.00/0.60/0.72/0.60/0.40/3.32; III: 0.90/0.50/0.55/0.82/0.50/3.27; IV: 1.27/0.60/1.12/1.30/0.54/4.83; spination: I: femur d0-1-1-1-1-1-1-0, v0-0-0-0-1r-0-1r, tibia v0-1r-1r-(1 = clasping spine, Figures 1 (g,h), 6(f)) -1p-0, metatarsus v2 ap; II: femur d0-1-1-1-1- 1-1, v1 p-1p-0-2-0-2, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-2ap, metatarsus v0-1r-1p-1r-0-2ap; III: femur d1-2-1- 1p-1-1r-1-2-0, v1 p-1p-2-1p-2, p1ap, patella d1-0-0, p0-0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d2-0-0-1-0, v0-1p- 1r-0-3ap, p0-1-0, metatarsus d0-0-1p-1r-1-1-1r-1p-0, v0-1r-0-2-0-0-3ap; IV: femur d0-1-1-0-1- 1-2-1, patella p0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d1r-1-0-0-1-0-1-0, v0-1p-0-1r-0-3ap, p0-1-0-0-0-1-0, r0-0-1- 0-0-0-1-0, metatarsus d0-1-0-0-0-1p-1r-1-1r-1p, v0-1r-1p-0-1r-0-3ap. Abdomen with four longitudinal erect clavate setal bands: two on dorsum with eight setae on each and one on each lateral with nine setae (two anterior longer). Clavate setae with sclerotized insertions on a mound ( Figures 6 (b), 9(b)). Abdomen with anterior shiny brown scutum ( Figure 6 (b)). Tarsi I – IV not flexible. Scopulae absent on all tarsi ( Figures 3 (a), 4(a)). STC with two rows of 5 – 6 teeth on tarsi I; 4 – 5 on tarsi II, 1, 3; 5, 3 on tarsi III and 3, 4; 5, 2 on tarsi IV. ITC well developed on all legs ( Figure 4 (a,b)). Tarsal organ rounded, elevated with 4 – 5 concentric ridges ( Figure 5 (a,b)). Trichobothrial bases corrugated, rounded and elevated ( Figure 5 (c,d)). Four spinnerets: two PMS vestigial entire 0.05 long, without spigots ( Figures 6 (e), 9(f)) and two PLS: basal, median and apical (domed) segments 0.09, 0.08, 0.06 long, respectively ( Figures 6 (e), 9(d)). PLS with one spigot on apex of medial article and five on apical ( Figure 9 (d,e)). Palpal tibia excavation and tegulum ( Figure 2 (a,b)) with low grooves. Palpal bulb oval with very short, blunt embolus, curved to ventral side ( Figures 1 (a – e), 2(a,b)). Figure 3. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male (IBSP 115438). (a) Leg Iι retrolateral view; (bι c) tibia Iι detail of modified setae; (d) tibia Iι scaly cuticle. Figure 4. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male leg I (IBSP 115438). (a–d) Tarsi I; (aι b) retrolateral view; (c) frontal view; (d) tarsi Iι dorsal view. Figure 5. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male leg I (IBSP 115438). (aι b) Tarsal organ; (a) dorsal view; (b) retrolateral view; (cι d) trichobothrial base; (c) dorsal view; (d) retrolateral view. Female ( paratype MHNLS II–491). Coloration, book-lung apertures and cuticle as in male. Total length 4.00. Carapace 1.58 long, 1.36 wide. Abdomen 2.10 long, 0.86 wide. Fovea very narrow 0.16 and recurved. Clypeus narrow, 0.06. Anterior eye row straight and posterior recurved. Eye sizes: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.05 and PLE 0.08. Overall shape of eye group trapezoidal, wider than long. Chelicerae with nine teeth in one row on promargin, with 16 basal smaller teeth. Rastellum absent. Labium 0.13 long, 0.35 wide, without cuspule. Cuspule on maxillae absent. Serrula as in male. Sternum rounded 0.74 long, 0.70 wide, domed. Sternal sigilla inconspicuous. Palp measurements: femur 0.82/patella 0.64/tibia 0.60/tarsi 0.72/total 2.78; spination: femur d0-1-0-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0- 1r-0-2, tibia v1 p-0-2-0-2ap, tarsus p0-1-0. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.10/patella 0.70/ tibia 0.72/metatarsus 0.64/tarsus 0.45/total 3.61; II: 1.02/0.70/0.66/0.64/0.46/3.48; III: 0.86/ 0.52/0.62/0.80/0.50/3.30; IV: 1.40/0.72/1.14/1.48/0.62/5.36; spination: I: femur d0-1-1-1-0- 1-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0-1r-0-0-1r, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-0, metatarsus v0-1r-1r-0-2ap; II: femur d0-1- 1-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0-1r-0, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-3ap, metatarsus v0-1r-0-1r-0-0-2ap; III: femur d0- 1-0-1-1-1, v1 p-1p-0-1p-0-0, patella d1-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d2-0-0-1-0, v0-1p-1r-0-0-3ap, p0- 1-0, metatarsus d0-0-2-0-0-1r-2, v0-1r-0-0-2-0-0-3ap; IV: femur d0-1-0-0-1-1-1-1r-1, v0-0- 0-1p-0, patella d1-0-0-0-0, p0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d1r-1p-0-0-0-1-1-0, v0-1p-0-0-1r-0-0-0-3ap, p0-1-0-0-0-1-0-0, r0-1-0-0-0-1-0, metatarsus d0-1-1r-0-0-1p-0-1r-0-1p-0-2-0, v0-1-1p-0-2- 1-0-0-3ap. Clavate setae and scutum on abdomen as in male. Palp with one row with nine prolateral teeth. Tarsi I – IV not flexible. Scopulae absent on all tarsi. STC with two rows of 9 – 10 teeth on tarsi I; 6 – 7 on tarsi II, 3 – 4 on tarsi III and 1, 5; 5, 3 on tarsi IV. ITC well developed on all legs. Trichobothria and tarsal organ as in male. Four spinnerets: two PMS vestigial entire 0.06 long, without spigots ( Figure 7 (a,b)) and two PLS: basal, median and apical (domed) segments 0.15, 0.12, 0.07 long, respectively ( Figure 7 (a,b)). Two bifid spermathecae ( Figure 1 (f)). Figure 6. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male holotype. (a) Bodyι dorsal view; (b) clavate setae on abdomenι dorsal view; (c) anterior and posterior book-lung aperturesι ventral view; (d) cheliceraeι maxillae and sternumι ventral view; (e) posterior lateral and median spinneretsι ventral view; (f) tibia Iι retrolateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Figure 7. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι female paratypeι posterior lateral and median spinnerets. (a) Lateral view; (b) ventral view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. Figure 8. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male (IBSP 115438)ι ventral view. (a) Chelicerae; (b) maxilla (arrow indicate modified setae); (c) serrula; (d) detail of modified setae on maxilla. Figure 9. Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι male (IBSP 115438). (a) Anterior and posterior book-lung aperturesι ventral view; (bι c) clavate setae on abdomenι lateral view; (dι e) posterior lateral spinneret; (d) frontal view; (e) detail of spigots; (f) posterior median spinneretsι ventral view. Figure 10. (aι b) Collecting site of Pseudonemesia tabiskey sp. nov. ι La Cristalinaι Boconóι Trujilloι Venezuela. Photos: José Gil. Figure 11. Pseudonemesia sp.ι male from Amazonasι Venezuela. (a) Palpal bulb and cymbiumι retrolateral view; (b) spinneretsι ventral view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. Variation Males ( n = 4): total length 2.73 – 4.85; carapace 1.35 – 1.50; abdomen 1.20 – 1.35. The height of pars thoracica can range from slightly more elevated than pars cephalica (almost equal height) to more elevated, as in Raven and Platnick (1981, fig. 51) . Additional material examined Only one male used on SEM with the same data as holotype ( IBSP 115438 ). Habitat The specimens were collected using pitfall traps. The containers were partially filled with a saturated saltwater solution, left in place for 5 – 7 days at 2500 m asl. All specimens came from a transitional forest between Andean rainforest ( 1800 m asl) and the paramo vegetation (> 2700 m asl) ( Figure 10 (a,b)). The average temperature was about 15 – 17°C and the annual rainfall, measured nearby, was> 900 mm . Other mygalomorph spiders collected in this area were Linothele sp. (Dipluridae) and Bolostromus sp. (Cyrtaucheniidae). Figure 12. Map showing the known records of Pseudonemesia species. Distribution Known only from the type locality, in Venezuelan Andes: Trujillo state ( Figure 12 ).