New records, diagnostics and preliminary checklist of the superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from the Comoro Islands Author Nicolas, Vincent 0009-0009-2749-5975 7 rue du Moulin du Pont, FR- 87330 Bussière-Boffy, France Author Carapezza, Attilio 0000-0003-3994-1804 University of Palermo; corresponding address: via Sandro Botticelli 15, 90144 Palermo, Italy Author Rider, David A. 0000-0002-1989-1873 Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA Author Kment, Petr 0000-0002-7026-5691 Department of Entomology, National Museum of the Czech Republic, Cirkusová 1740, CZ- 193 00 Praha 9 - Horní Počernice, Czech Republic sigara@post.cz text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-15 5481 1 1 29 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.1 1175-5326 12742608 0D311147-D038-4059-8098-EF68D1CA332F Bagrada ( Bagrada ) hilaris (Burmeister, 1835) ( Fig. 26 ) = Cimex pictus Fabricius, 1775 (junior primary homonym of Cimex pictus Drury, 1770 , Coreidae; synonymised by Horváth 1909: 631 ) = Cimex hebraicus Germar, 1838 (synonymised by Dallas 1851: 259 ) = Bagrada cruciferarum Kirkaldy, 1909 (new substitute name for C. pictus Fabricius, 1775 ) = Bagrada ( Bagrada ) picta var. connectens Horváth, 1936 (synonymised by Rider 2006: 360 ) = Bagrada ( Bagrada ) picta var. modesta Horváth, 1936 (synonymised by Rider 2006: 360 ) Material examined. MAYOTTE : Coconi , 12.834829°S , 45.136545°E , 103 m a.s.l. , 10.v.2023 , 1♂ , T. Ramage lgt., P. Kment det. ( TRCF ) ; Longoni , 16.x.2023 , 1♂ , 1♀ , V. Nicolas lgt. & det.; Chirongui , 17.x.2023 , photo, V. Nicolas lgt. & det.; Mzouazia , 17.x.2023 , photo, V. Nicolas lgt. & det. ( VNBF ) .— NAMIBIA : Katima Mulilo , 4.–6.ii.1997 , 1♂ , 1♀ , M. Just lgt., P. Kment det. ( NMPC ) . Biology. Bagrada hilaris , the Painted bug (or Bagrada bug ), prefers plants of the Brassicaceae . It is a serious pest of some vegetables or oilseed crops (e.g., cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, Indian mustard, rape, canola) (e.g., Azim & Shafee 1986 , Bundy et al. 2018b , Salini 2020 ). It is also common on Capparis ( Capparaceae ), often damaging leaves ( Linnavuori 1993 , Carapezza 1995 ). In Mayotte it has been highly abundant on Cleome viscosa ( Cleomaceae ) in grassy wasteland of coastal areas of Mayotte (V. Nicolas, pers. observ.). All three of the above families are closely related within the plant order Brassicales . It has also been recorded on numerous plants from other families ( Bundy et al. 2018b , Salini 2020 ). In Yemen it was reported on Salsola ( Amaranthaceae ) and Zygophyllum ( Zygophyllaceae ) ( Linnavuori & van Harten 1997 ), these may be incidental associations. Both larvae and adults are aposematic and often aggregate on host plants throughout the growing season ( Reed et al. 2013 ); the immatures were described by Azim & Shafee (1986) . It is multivoltine and favours warm and dry conditions, and may be active throughout a year. For a detailed review of its biology see Bundy et al. (2018b) . Distribution. Comoros : Mayotte (new record), Madagascar ( Cachan 1952 , as B. picta ), Réunion ( Vayssières et al. 2001 ). Africa: Algeria ( Wagner 1958 , as B. picta ; Derjanschi & Péricart 2005 ), Angola ( Anonymus 1981 ), Botswana ( Walker 1867 , Hesse 1935 ; Krüger & Deckert 2016 , as B. picta ), Burkina Faso ( Anonymus 1981 ), Cape Verde Islands ( Lindberg 1959 , as B. picta ), Chad ( Bergevin 1936 ), Democratic Republic of the Congo ( Distant 1901 , Schouteden 1909 , Mayné & Ghesquière 1934 ), Egypt ( Priesner & Alfieri 1953 , as B. picta ), Eritrea ( Schouteden 1905a , as B. picta ), Ethiopia ( Horváth 1936 , Mancini 1956 , both as B. picta ), Kenya ( China 1937 , as B. picta ), Libya ( Eckerlein & Wagner 1970 , as B. picta ), Malawi ( Distant 1898 ), Morocco ( Vidal 1937 , as B. picta ; Derjanschi & Péricart 2005 ), Mozambique ( Horváth 1936 , as B. picta var. connectens and B. picta var. hilaris ), Namibia ( Horváth 1936 , as Africa merid. occ., no exact locality, as B. picta var. connectens and B. picta var. hilaris ; this paper), Senegal ( Anonymus 1981 ), Somalia ( Mancini 1939 , as B. picta ), South Africa ( Germar 1838 , as B. hebraica ; Distant 1898 ; Horváth 1936 , as B. picta var. connectens and B. picta var. hilaris ), Sudan ( Linnavuori 1975 ), Tanzania ( Horváth 1936 , as B. picta , B. picta var. connectens and B. picta var. hilaris ), Uganda ( Le Pelley 1959 , no exact record, as B. cruciferarum ), Zambia ( Evans 1952 , no exact record), Zimbabwe ( Evans 1952 , no exact record). Europe: Italy (Pantelleria) ( Carapezza 1981 , 1995 ), Malta ( Rieger 1986 ), North Macedonia ( Protić 1987 ). Asia: Afghanistan ( Hoberlandt 1961 , as B. picta ; Hoberlandt 1997 ), Bangladesh ( Ahmad et al. 1974 ), China ( Shaanxi , Sichuan , Xizang , Yunnan ) ( Hsiao et al. 1977 , as B. picta ; Hua 2000 ; Rider et al. 2002 ), Egypt ( Sinai ) ( Gadalla 1999 ), India ( Distant 1902 , as B. picta ; Horváth 1936 , both as B. picta and B. picta var. modesta ; Salini & Viraktamath 2015 ), Iran ( Horváth 1936 , Hoberlandt 1955 , both as B. picta ; Hoberlandt 1997 ; Linnavuori 2004 ; Ghahari et al. 2014 ), Iraq ( Horváth 1936 , as B. picta ; Linnavuori 1993 ), Israel ( Hoberlandt 1952 , Linnavuori 1960 , both as B. picta ), Myanmar ( Anonymus 1981 ), Nepal ( Horváth 1936 , as B. picta ), Pakistan ( Ahmad et al. 1974 , Ahmad & Kamaluddin 1981 ), Saudi Arabia ( Horváth 1936 , as B. picta var. hilaris ; Linnavuori 1986 ), Sri Lanka ( Distant 1902 , Breddin 1909 , both as B. picta ), Syria ( Linnavuori 1964 , B. picta ; Derjanschi & Péricart 2005 ), Thailand ( Roca-Cusachs & Jung 2019 , no exact record), Yemen ( Linnavuori 1989 , Linnavuori & van Harten 1997 ). Introduced to North America: Mexico ( Sánchez-Peña 2014 , Torres-Acosta & Sánchez-Peña 2016 , Hernández-Chávez et al. 2018 ), United States ( Arizona , California , Nevada , New Mexico , Texas , Utah ) ( Palumbo & Natwick 2010 , Bundy et al. 2012 , Lambert & Dudley 2014 , Rider & Swanson 2019). South America: Argentina ( Mendoza ) ( Carpintero et al. 2021 ), Chile ( Faúndez et al. 2016 ). Oceania: Hawaii ( Matsunaga et al. 2019 ).