Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae Author Andrew Hamilton, K. G. text Zootaxa 2016 4169 2 201 250 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1 d1fbe4b3-de10-4d72-a117-aa6bfedf210d 1175-5326 262585 B8B067BF-F6E6-4122-B884-AA385FF04421 Key to species of Microsargane (* male unknown) 1. Head with paired dark lines traversing ocelli ( Figs 9 H–K); male theca with strongly curving spines arising from a flat basal plate ( Figs 55 A–C)............................................ ….. Microrhaphe subg. nov. ... M. martialis sp.nov. - Head dark ( Figs 9 A–G), or with pale margins ( Fig. 1 A); male theca with laterally compressed shaft and nearly straight proc- esses ( Figs 56–58 B–C)................................................................................ 2 2. Tegmina dark brown to reddish; male theca with 3–5 pairs of slender processes ( Figs 56–58 B–C).................................................................................................... Microtholia subg. nov. ...10 - Tegmina with red patch across anteapical cells ( Fig. 1 A); male theca with 1 pair of branching, serrate processes ( Figs 50–54 C).................................................................................. nominate subgenus...3 3. Head dark (pronotum and tegmina may have pale areas)...................................................... 7 - Head marked with yellow spots or bands along margins ( Fig. 1 A)............................................... 4 4. Crown with yellow spots before eyes, paler than orange bands along margins of pronotum; Paraguay............................................................................................... * insignis (Melichar) , comb.nov. - Crown with yellow marginal bands extending across eyes to margins of pronotum ( Fig. 1 A); Ecuador north to Central America................................................................................................... 5 5. Red patch on tegmen narrow; male thecal processes with furcate processes subequal ( Fig.52 C); style tip truncate with strongly projecting setae ( Fig. 52 E)........................................................... ornatipennis Lallemand - Red patch on tegmen broad ( Fig. 1 A); male thecal processes unequal, outer branch less than half length of inner branch ( Fig. 54 C); style tip pointed, scarcely exceeded by apical setae ( Fig. 54 E)............................................ 6 6. Transverse arm of theca expanded at base, serrate ( Fig. 54 C)....................................... cristata sp.nov. - Transverse arm of theca straight, parallel-margined, smooth ( Fig. 50 C)................................. vittata Fowler 7. Head as wide as pronotum; crown as long as midline of pronotum................................. splendida sp.nov. - Head narrower than pronotum; crown shorter than midline of pronotum.......................................... 8 8. Pale spots at apex of tegmen forming narrow lines directed towards tip of red spot...................* procera Lallemand - Large pale spot on costa in addition to 2 pale lines on dark wing tip, the latter remote from transverse red streak.......... 9 9. Male thecal processes longer than half length of shaft ( Fig. 53 C)................................... mutans (Walker) - Male thecal processes shorter than half length of shaft ( Fig. 51 C)................................... apicata sp.nov. 10. Chocolate brown to reddish, with 5 yellow lines ( Figs 9 F–G)...................................... habrotes sp.nov. - Blackish brown with not more than 3 yellow lines ( Figs 9 A–E)................................................ 11 11. Crown as long as pronotum ( Fig. 9 E).......................................................... sobria sp.nov. - Crown half as long as midline of pronotum ( Figs 9 A–D)..................................................... 12 12. Dark brown except for faint streak on pronotum and 2 small, pale spots on tegmen ( Fig. 9 D); length 12 mm ...................................................................................................* bipunctura sp.nov. - With more extensive pale markings, especially on venter; length 6.5–8.5 mm ..................................... 13 13. Entirely brown except for reddish veins and small costal spot ( Fig. 9 A).................................. ios sp.nov. - Brown, dorsum with pale streaks and spots ( Figs 9 B–C)........................................ karykroua sp.nov.