Gilpinia hakonensis and similar species in Japan and ovipositors of five European Gilpinia species (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) Author Hara, Hideho Author Smith, David R. Systematic Entomology Laboratory, c / o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA. Author Shinohara, Akihiko National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan. text Zootaxa 2021 2021-07-01 4995 3 471 491 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.4 1175-5326 5057385 AF31D6D4-AFD4-46A2-A400-29B0281810E0 Key to Gilpinia hakonensis and similar species in Japan 1 Female ............................................................................................. 2 - Male (unknown in G. okinawa ).......................................................................... 6 2(1) Hind tibia with posterior spur slender, rod- or thornlike........................................ G. socia group ... 3 - Hind tibia with posterior spur expanded, scalelike............................................. G. polytoma group 3(2) Valvula 3 with scopa located at apex of apico-lateral projection ( Fig. 5A–L )......... G. hakonensis and similar species ... 4 - Valvula 3 with scopa located from apex to inner side of apico-lateral projection.................. G. tohi Takeuchi, 1940 , G. albiclavata Hara & Nakamura, 2015 , G. hokkaidoensis Hara & Shinohara, 2015 , and G. kojimai Hara & Shinohara, 2015 4(3) Thorax with median mesoscutal lobe black, sometimes narrowly yellowish posteriorly and mesepisternum black, often with yellow spot posteriorly ( Figs 1A–H ). Supraclypeal area black ( Figs 1K–M ). In lancet, serrula of second annulus with postcalcar widely separated from precalcar ( Figs 6A–E ). [Distribution: Honshu and Kyushu, Japan ; Korea .].......... G. hakonensis - Thorax with median mesoscutal lobe widely or entirely yellow or red yellow and mesepisternum yellow on dorsal half or entirely ( Figs 2A–D, G, H ). Supraclypeal area yellow ( Figs 2I, J, L ). In lancet, serrula of second annulus with postcalcar (if distinct) relatively narrowly separated from precalcar ( Figs 6F, G, I )............................................. 5 5(4) Median mesoscutal lobe anteromedially black ( Figs 2A, C ). Mesepisternum ventrally black ( Figs 2B, D ). Metascutellum with posterior margin convex in dorsal view (Fig. 4I). [Distribution: Amami Oshima Island and Tokunoshima Island, Japan .]............................................................................................. G. amamiana - Median mesoscutal lobe entirely red yellow ( Fig. 2G ). Mesepisternum entirely red yellow ( Fig. 2H ). Metascutellum with pos- terior margin barely convex in dorsal view (Fig. 4M). [Distribution: Okinawa Island, Japan .]................ G. okinawa 6(1) Genitalia in ventral view with inner margin of basiparamere horizontal and lateral margin of parapenis short ( Figs 7B, E ); penis valve with very long ergot and spinose swelling near apex ( Figs 7C, F ).............. G. hakonensis and similar species ... 7 - Genitalia not as above....................................................................... Other species 7(6) Parapenis with lateral margin rather long ( Fig. 7B ). Penis valve with valviceps slightly convex ventrally at apical third ( Fig. 7C ). Pronotum entirely black ( Figs 1I, J ). Whole trochanters and wide basal parts of femora black. Abdomen ventrally dark brown to black............................................................................ G. hakonensis - Parapenis with lateral margin very short ( Fig. 7E ). Penis valve with valviceps exceedingly convex ventrally at apical third ( Fig. 7F ). Pronotum mostly yellow ( Figs 2E, F, K ). Trochanters widely and femora entirely yellow. Abdomen ventrally mostly yellow...................................................................................... G. amamiana