Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and ‘ Bird Guide’ Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Author Longino, John T. Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, john.longino@utah.edu Author Branstetter, Michael G. USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Utah State text Insect Systematics and Diversity 2020 2020-03-31 4 2 1 1 33 journal article 22150 10.1093/isd/ixaa004 430a96d1-f5cd-4234-a35d-3f324ed63974 2399-3421 3826703 0DE2398D-199F-40A7-8207-91148630CD76 Rasopone JTL034 ( Fig. 7 ; Supp Fig. S37 [online only]) Geographic range. Mexico ( Puebla , Veracruz ), Honduras . Diagnosis Mandible smooth and shining or very faintly striate; anterior clypeal margin truncate; side of head with short erect setae; petiolar node moderately tapering, intermediate between cuboidal and scale-like. Three species are within geographic and size range of R . JTL034: Rasopone guatemalensis ( Fig. 8 ; Supp Figs. S14 and S15 [online only]): no known local sympatry, but ranges overlap; petiolar node slightly more tapering, scale-like; scape longer (mean SI 86 vs 76); head narrower (mean CI 86 vs 93). Rasopone politognatha ( Fig. 9 ; Supp Figs. S28 and S29 [online only]): no known local sympatry, but ranges overlap; side of head bare; scape slightly longer (mean SI 82 vs 76). Rasopone JTL035 ( Fig. 9 ; Supp Fig. S38 [online only]): no known local sympatry but in close proximity in Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, possibly segregating by elevation; somewhat larger and darker red brown; side of head bare. Measurements, worker: HW 1.11 (1.04–1.15, 3); HL 1.19 (1.12– 1.23, 3); SL 0.85 (0.79–0.91, 3); PTH 0.73 (0.68–0.77, 3); PTL 0.42 (0.39–0.45, 3); CI 93 (92–93, 3); SI 77 (75–79, 3); PTI 58 (56–61, 3). Biology This species occurs in wet to moist forest, with records from 170 to 980 m elevation. It is known from four widely separated localities. The three known worker specimens are from Winkler samples of forest floor litter and rotten wood. A male was collected 14 June 2010 in a Malaise trap. Comments UCE results unite three workers from widely separated localities. The sister taxon is the single specimen of R . JTL035, which appears to be a more montane version of R . JTL034 that is slightly larger and darker. The specimen of R . JTL035 is from a cloud forest site in Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, while one of the specimens of R . JTL034 is from just a few kilometers away, in the lowland rainforest of Los Tuxtlas Biological Station. However, the Los Tuxtlas specimen of R . JTL034 forms a clade with specimens from Puebla ( Mexico ) and Honduras . COI data unite a male from Tela, Honduras , with the three worker specimens ( Fig. 3 ).