Adriatic calcarean sponges (Porifera, Calcarea), with the description of six new species and a richness analysis Author Klautau, Michelle C6BB3D65-7166-4A2A-AF2B-7F13EE94F485 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 902 Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 6 BB 3 D 65 - 7166 - 4 A 2 A-AF 2 B- 7 F 13 EE 94 F 485 & Corresponding authors: mklautau @ biologia. ufrj. br; mimesek @ irb. hr mklautau@biologia.ufrj.br Author Imešek, Mirna 5461D38C-E1B5-48B1-A41B-0134F337A143 Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Molecular Biology, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 5461 D 38 C-E 1 B 5 - 48 B 1 - A 41 B- 0134 F 337 A 143 & Corresponding authors: mklautau @ biologia. ufrj. br; mimesek @ irb. hr mklautau@biologia.ufrj.br Author Azevedo, Fernanda DC0BE6B4-F24F-4765-BA2B-ED17D774B2B7 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 902 Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. & E-mail: nandaporifera @ gmail. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: DC 0 BE 6 B 4 - F 24 F- 4765 - BA 2 B-ED 17 D 774 B 2 B 7 Author Pleše, Bruna C9E3BEB1-01E6-44A4-807B-4800E9393C09 Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Molecular Biology, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia. & E-mail: bplese @ irb. hr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 9 E 3 BEB 1 - 01 E 6 - 44 A 4 - 807 B- 4800 E 9393 C 09 Author Nikolić, Vedran 84828CF3-6BA3-4541-AEF2-24422CEA0179 Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory for Benthos, P. O. Box 500, 21000, Split, Croatia. Equally contributed & E-mail: nikolic @ izor. hr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 84828 CF 3 - 6 BA 3 - 4541 - AEF 2 - 24422 CEA 0179 Author Ćetković, Helena BD5D084E-8AAE-4CBA-991B-0901EB6C8DE1 Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Molecular Biology, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia. & E-mail: cetkovic @ irb. hr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: BD 5 D 084 E- 8 AAE- 4 CBA- 991 B- 0901 EB 6 C 8 DE 1 text European Journal of Taxonomy 2016 2016-03-02 178 1 52 journal article 22049 10.5852/ejt.2016.178 2fb82473-fc03-4cd0-87ab-4948df6faf23 2118-9773 3832959 E70C7637-C476-46CA-BAA7-BA959E0E64F5 Borojevia croatica sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A9F84084-E033-43A9-AB71-83670090C7C1 Fig. 5 ; Table 5 Etymology From the type locality. Material examined Holotype ADRIATIC SEA: near the Island of Čiovo , 43°28'58.5" N , 16°21'25.6" E , 5 m , collected by B. Pleše and V . Nikolić , 5 Nov. 2010 (PMR-13740 = UFRJPOR 6864, in ethanol). Paratype ADRIATIC SEA: same data as holotype (PMR-13741 = UFRJPOR 6865, in ethanol). Colour White in life and in ethanol. Description Cormus composed of regular and tightly anastomosed tubes ( Fig. 5A ). Water-collecting tubes are present and form a single apical osculum. The skeleton is composed of tripods, triactines and rare tetractines. It has no special organisation ( Fig. 5B ). Spicules ( Table 5 ) TRIPODS. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) or sagittal. Some of them have an elevated centre, but most appear like large regular triactines. Actines are conical, straight, with sharp tips ( Fig. 5C ). Size: 102.6/ 11.9 µm . TRIACTINES. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate).Actines are conical, straight, with sharp tips ( Fig. 5D ). Size: 66.6/ 7.5 µm . Fig. 5. Borojevia croatica sp. nov. , holotype (PMR 13740 = UFRJPOR 6864). A . Specimen in situ . B . Tangential section. C . Tripod. D . Triactines. E . Tetractine. F . Apical actine of a tetractine ornamented with spines. TETRACTINES. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are conical, straight, with sharp tips ( Fig. 5E ). The apical actine has very short and abundant spines organised in parallel rows. These spines cover the first 2/3 of the apical actine ( Fig. 5F ). Size: 70.0/ 8.3 µm (basal actine); 20.0/5.0 µm (apical actine). Table 5. Spicule measurements of Borojevia croatica sp. nov. Holotype (PMR-13740 = UFRJPOR 6864) and paratype (PMR-13741 = UFRJPOR 6865).

length (µm)		width (µm)
min	mean	sd	max	min	mean	sd	max	n
Holotype
Tripod	Basal	85.0	102.6	10.0	115.0	10.0	11.9	1.5	15.0	20
Triactine	Basal	57.5	66.6	6.7	82.5	7.5	7.5	0.0	7.5	20
Tetractine	Basal	60.0	70.0	6.3	77.5	7.5	8.3	1.2	11.3	10
Apical	-	20	-	-	-	5.0	-	-	1
Paratype
Tripod	Basal	50.0	78.8	19.1	115.0	7.5	10.8	1.8	15.0	13
Triactine	Basal	50.0	66.1	8.6	80.0	7.5	7.8	0.7	10.0	20
Tetractine	Basal	62.5	71.0	5.1	80.0	7.5	8.3	1.1	10.0	20

Ecology Specimens were collected on a shaded, vertical, hard limestone bottom. Remarks The genus Borojevia is currently composed of five species: B. aspina ( Klautau, Solé-Cava & Borojević, 1994 ) , B. brasiliensis , B. cerebrum , B. paracerebrum (Austin, 1996) and B. tetrapodifera ( Klautau & Valentine, 2003 ) . All of them show a very well defined cormus, with regular and tightly anastomosed tubes and water-collecting tubes. The skeleton is always composed of tripods, triactines and tetractines with spines on the apical actines. Tetrapods may also be present ( B. tetrapodifera ). The sixth species of the genus, B. croatica sp. nov. , is closer to B. cf. aspina in our ITS tree ( Fig. 16 ). Both species have short spines; however, B. croatica sp. nov. has numerous spines, while in B. cf. aspina there are few. Given that B. cerebrum is also present in the Adriatic Sea, the best way to differentiate it from B. croatica sp. nov. is by the shape and location of spines. They are shorter, more abundant and distributed along most of the actine length in B. croatica sp. nov. , and larger, fewer and scattered only near the tip of the apical actine in B. cerebrum .