Review of the genus Alysia Latreille (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae), with description of six new species from China Author Zhu, Jia-Chen State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Author Achterberg, Cornelis Van Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation / Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China Author Chen, Xue-Xin State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China xxchen@zju.edu.cn text Zootaxa 2018 2018-10-15 4500 1 1 42 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4500.1.1 1175-5326 5755225 54BE1878-D334-4668-BDAA-45EC75EB841A Alysia macularis sp. n. Figs 3–4 Type material . Holotype , ♀ ( ZJUH ), “ [NE. China :] Hebei , Mt. Xiaowutai , Mt. Dongling , 21.?.2005, Zhang Hongying , 2100m , No. 200608024.” Paratypes : 1♀ ( ZJUH ), Hebei , Mt. Xiaowutai , Shanxunkou , 22.?.2005, Shi Min , 1200m , No. 200608127 ; 1♀ , id., but No. 200608219; 2♂ , id., but Zhang Hongying, No. 200608628; Shi Min , 200608354 . Diagnosis. Body dark reddish brown ( Fig. 3 ); eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple ( Fig. 4I ); eye in lateral view 1.3 × higher than wide; frons smooth; vertex and temple smooth ( Fig. 4I ); face 2.2 × wider than high, rather convex and with a longitudinal ridge medially ( Fig. 4J ); clypeus small, subtriangular and densely and finely reticulate-punctate; precoxal sulcus narrowly crenulated, not reaching middle coxa or anterior edge of epicnemial area; notauli incomplete, not impressed on mesoscutal disc ( Figs 4C, D ); medio-posterior depression deep and droplet-shaped, almost extending to middle of mesoscutum and mesoscutum mainly anteriorly distinctly setose ( Fig. 4D ); metapleuron reticulate-rugose ventrally, remainder smooth; surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with a medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly ( Fig. 4E ); pterostigma wide, 3.8 × longer than its maximum width ( Fig. 4A ); hind coxa smooth ( Fig. 4N ); length of first tergite 1.4 × its apical width, its surface longitudinally striate, its dorsal carinae remaining widely separated ( Fig. 4E ); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.3 × as long as fore wing (total visible sheath 0.3 times), and almost equal hind tibia ( Fig. 4H ); mesoscutum with light reddish brown patch; propodeum and first tergite of metasoma black ( Fig. 3 ). Description . Holotype , ♀ , length of body 2.8 mm , of fore wing 3.3 mm . Head. Transverse, width of head 1.5 × its lateral length, and 1.4 × wider than mesoscutum ( Fig. 4I ); antenna with 29 antennomere, third antennomere (including annellus) 1.3 × longer than fourth segment, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomere 2.6, 2.0 and 2.0 × their width, respectively ( Fig. 4G ); length of maxillary palp almost equal to height of head ( Fig. 3 ); eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple; eye in lateral view 1.3 × higher than wide ( Fig. 4E ); frons, vertex and temple smooth ( Fig. 4E ); OOL:diameter of ocellus:POL= 11:3:4; face 2.2 × wider than high, rather convex medially, with a longitudinal ridge medially ( Fig. 4J ); clypeus small, subtriangular and densely and finely reticulate-punctate ( Fig. 4J ); mandible widened apically, dorsal tooth enlarged, lobe-shaped ( Fig. 4L ), ventral tooth medium-sized and lobe-shaped ( Fig. 4M ), middle tooth curved and acute, with no incision between first and second tooth, medial length of mandible 1.2 × its maximum width. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height ( Fig. 4C ); pronope absent ( Fig. 4I ); medio-anteriorly pronotum crenulate, remainder of pronotum smooth; epicnemial area crenulate; precoxal sulcus narrowly crenulate, not reaching middle coxa or anterior edge of epicnemial area ( Fig. 4C ); pleural sulcus narrowly crenulated ventrally; episternal scrobe linear and deep ( Fig. 4C ); metapleuron reticulate-rugose ventrally, remainder smooth ( Fig. 4C ); mesonotum with sparse setae present along notauli and anterior part of middle lobe of mesoscutum ( Fig. 4D ); notauli incomplete, not impressed on disc; medio-posterior depression deep and dropletshaped, almost extending to middle of mesoscutum; scutellar sulcus deep, with one longitudinal carina and two small carinae, sulcus 3.7 × wider than its maximum length ( Fig. 4D ); scutellum smooth; surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly ( Fig. 4E ). Wings ( Figs 4A–B ). Pterostigma wide, 3.8 × longer than its maximum width; r:3-SR:SR1 = 5:12:50; 1-SR+M nearly straight; SR1 straight; r 0.5 × as long as width of pterostigma; cu-a interstitial; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1: 20; 3-CU1 as long as CU1b; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 20:15:12; m-cu interstitial, converging to 1-M posteriorly; first subdiscal cell 3.6times as long as wide; M+CU1 largely unsclerotized. Hind wing: M+CU: 1-M: 1r-m = 25:17:15; m-cu weakly postfurcal. Legs. Hind coxa smooth, without ventro-basal tubercle; tarsal claws slender, longer than arolium ( Fig. 4N ); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.3, 7.5 and 5.0 × their width, respectively; apical appendages of hind tarsal segments absent, segments ventrally with dense bristles ( Fig. 4N ). Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.4 × its apical width, its surface with longitudinally striate, its dorsal carinae widely separate ( Fig. 4E ); dorsope distinct; convexity of upper valve of ovipositor steep basally; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.3 × as long as fore wing (total visible sheath 0.3 times), and almost equal hind tibia ( Fig. 4H ). Colour. Dark reddish brown ( Fig. 3 ); two basal segments of antenna and mandible brownish yellow; mesonotum with light reddish-brown patch posteriorly; propodeum and first tergite of metasoma black; legs yellowish brown, but anterior part of hind coxa, apical part of hind tibia and hind tarsus reddish brown; pterostigma and veins brown; wing membrane hyaline. FIGURE 3. Alysia macularis sp. n. , ♀, holotype, habitus, lateral aspect. Variation. Male similar to female, body length of ♂ 3.3–3.5 mm ; of fore wing 3.0– 3.3 mm ; antennal segments of ♂ 36 (1). Females have body length 2.8–3.3 mm , and length of fore wing 3.4–3.7 mm , antennal segments of ♀ 29 (2) or 30(1). Comparative diagnosis. This species is similar to A. longifrons Belokobylskij but differs by having a comparatively square head (width of head 1.5 × its lateral length versus 1.8–2.0 in A. longifrons ); surface of propodeum reticulate-rugose posteriorly, with medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, areola narrowly present posteriorly ( versus entirely densely reticulate-rugose); body dark reddish brown, mesonotum with light reddishbrown patch ( versus black). FIGURE 4. Alysia macularis sp. n. , ♀, holotype. A , fore wing; B , hind wing; C , mesosoma, dorsal aspect; D , mesosoma, lateral aspect; E , propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F , propodeum and metasoma, dorsal aspect; G , basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; H , ovipositor and ovipositor sheath, lateral aspect; I , head, dorsal aspect; J , head, anterior aspect; K , head, lateral aspect; L , mandible, full view on first and second teeth; M , mandible, full view on third tooth; N , hind leg, lateral aspect. Etymology . Named “ macularis ” because the mesonotum has a light reddish-brown patch: “ macula ” is Latin for “patch”.