Chimena gen. nov., a new spider genus (Araneae, Mysmenidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species and a new combination Author Lin, Yucheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-0633 Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China linyucheng@scu.edu.cn Author Li, Shuqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416 The Sichuan key Laboratory for Conversation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China lisq@ioz.ac.cn text ZooKeys 2022 2022-10-20 1125 69 86 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.85741 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.85741 1313-2970-1125-69 BC00096314DB433CB517ED05918968CF E8C7412A390550D5BB38C144B806111E Chimena gen. nov. Type species. Chimena qiong sp. nov. Etymology. The generic name is a combination of the first three letters of China and the latter half of Mysmena . The gender is feminine. Diagnosis. Chimena gen. nov. differs from other mysmenid genera by the presence of strong spines on the chelicerae of males (as in some Chinese species of Gaoligonga Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009 and Mysmena Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009; see fig. 38A in Miller et al. 2009 , fig. 8C in Lin and Li 2014 , and figs 5E, 6A, 7E in Lin and Li 2008 ); a very long embolus spiralling around the bulb at least 5 times; and the spermathecae near the posterior margin of the epigyne; the copulatory ducts are highly coiled and extend anteriorly. Chimena gen. nov. is morphologically similar to Chanea Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009 in having an extremely coiled embolus (cf. Figs 3A , 5A ; figs 49A-B, 51A-B in Miller et al. 2009 ; figs 3A in Lin and Li 2016 ) and a membranous, translucent, wrinkled scape (Figs 4J , 6J , 7F ; fig. 4D in Lin and Li 2016 ). Males can be distinguished by the presence of a cymbial process (CyP1, CyP2), which is absent in Chanea (Figs 3D , 3F , 5B , 5G vs. 49A, 49B in Miller et al. 2009 and figs 2C, 3C in Lin and Li 2016 ). Females differ by having the spiral rod-shaped spermathecae close to the posterior margin of the epigyne, versus globular spermathecae located anteriorly in Chanea , as well as the copulatory ducts not being entwined with the fertilization ducts [intertwined in Chanea (Figs 4I, J , 6I, J , 7E-F vs. fig. 49C in Miller et al. 2009 and fig. 4C-D in Lin and Li 2016 )]. Description. Carapace pear-shaped, cephalic part distinctly raised in male; clypeus slightly concave. Ocular area black, AME black, others white; AER procurved, PER recurved or straight; ALE adjoined to AME and PLE, AMEs separated by at least its diameter; further separated in males than in females. Two or three pairs of strong spines on anterior surface of male chelicerae (Figs 4E , 6E ). Labium fused to sternum. Sternum triangular, slightly plump, posteriorly truncated, light colour anteriorly and centrally. Each leg segment proximally pale yellow, distally darkish grey. Male with a mesal clasping spine and a distal, small nodule prolaterally on metatarsus I (Fig. 3C ), female with weakly sclerotized spot on femur I. Abdomen dorsally rounded, surrounded by stripe of white pigmentation laterally and posteriorly. Venter black between epigastric furrow and spinnerets (Figs 4B, D , 6B, D , 7B ). Figure 3. Chimena qiong sp. nov., male A left palpal bulb, retrolateral B palpal bulb, prolateral C distal segments of right leg I, prolateral D cymbium, apical E cymbium, retrolateral F left palp, retrolateral G left palp, prolateral. Abbreviations: BH basal haematodocha; CyC cymbial conductor; CyF cymbial fold; CyFs setae on cymbial fold; CyP1 process on cymbial conductor; CyP2 process on paracymbium; PC paracymbium; E embolus; MN male metatarsal nodule at distal-prolaterally; MS male metatarsal clasping spine; SD spermatic duct; St subtegulum; Ti palpal tibia. Scale bars: 0.10 mm. Figure 4. Chimena qiong sp. nov., male ( A, B, E, F ) and female ( C, D, G-J ) A, C habitus, dorsal B, D habitus, ventral E prosoma, front-lateral, F, G habitus, lateral H epigyne, ventral I vulva, ventral J vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts; CS cheliceral spines rooted at base; FD fertilization ducts; MN male metatarsal nodule at distal-prolaterally; MS male metatarsal clasping spine; S spermathecae; SP scape. Scale bars: 0.50 mm ( A-D, F, G ); 0.20 mm ( E ); 0.10 mm ( H-J ). Male palp . Tibia swollen, proximally narrow and distally broad, larger number of long setae on dorsally than ventrally (Figs 3F-G , 5G-H ). Cymbium translucent, encloses ventral and prolateral sides of bulb (Figs 3G , 5E, H ). Paracymbium flat, wide, with a few long setae and a horn-shaped process (CyP2) distally (Figs 3D, F , 5B, D ). Distal part of cymbium extends to form an apical cymbial conductor (CyC), with horn-shaped or dentoid process (CyP1) attached to lateral margin of cymbial conductor (Figs 3E, F , 5B-D, G-H ). Tegulum flat, without any process or projection (Figs 3F , 5D, F ). Embolus slender, filiform, elongate, encircles the bulb multiple times, end extends to apex of cymbial conductor (Figs 3F , 5E, G-H ). Figure 5. Chimena taiwanica (Ono, 2007) comb. nov., male A left palpal bulb, retrolateral B cymbium, apical C cymbium, dorsal-retrolateral D left palp, apical E left palp, ventral F left palp, dorsal G left palp, retrolateral H left palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: Cy cymbium; CyC cymbial conductor; CyF cymbial fold; CyFs setae on cymbial fold; CT cymbial tooth; CyP2 process on paracymbium; PC paracymbium; E embolus; SD spermatic duct; St subtegulum; T tegulum; Ti palpal tibia. Scale bars: 0.10 mm. Epigyne and vulva . Genital area covered with sparse setae, sclerotized spermathecae faintly visible through tegument (Figs 4H , 6H , 7D ). Scape wrinkled, membranous, finger-like, short. Spermathecae rod-shaped, spiral, near epigynal posteromargin, separated from one another by about their length. Most of copulatory ducts membranous, extending anteriorly, coiled, overlapped with anterior end of spermathecae. Fertilization ducts relatively long, wide, originating at distal part of spermathecae, middle and proximal parts entwined with spermathecae, distal part thins gradually, inflexed (Figs 4I-J , 6I-J , 7E-F ). Composition. Chimena qiong sp. nov., C. taiwanica (Ono, 2007) comb. nov., and C. nantou sp. nov. Distribution. China (Hainan, Taiwan).