Notes on the nomenclature and taxonomy of Chiastophyllum and Umbilicus oppositifolius (≡ Cotyledon oppositifolia, ≡ Chiastophyllum oppositifolium) (Crassulaceae subfam. Sempervivoideae)
Author
Smith, Gideon F.
0000-0002-5417-9208
Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P. O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa. smithgideon 1 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5417 - 9208
smithgideon1@gmail.com
Author
Monro, Anna M.
Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (a joint venture between Parks Australia and CSIRO), GPO Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
text
Phytotaxa
2022
2022-09-16
564
2
239
247
journal article
147237
10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.7
0ac69fbc-2113-4f21-8b1f-e5a926eea567
1179-3163
7087286
Umbilicus oppositifolius
(Ledeb. ex Nordm.)
Ledebour (1843: 176)
.
Homotypic synonyms
:—
Cotyledon oppositifolia
Ledeb. ex
Nordmann (1837: 313)
.
Chiastophyllum oppositifolium
(Ledeb. ex Nordm.)
Stapf (1930: 316–317)
.
Type
:—
““
Caucasus
” (
Nordmann
329 [LE])” fide
Walker (2003: 366
, as “
T
”, i.e., “(nomenclatural)
type
”, see
Eggli 2003
: X)
.
Taxonomic placement of
Chiastophyllum
and
Umbilicus oppositifolius
:—At present
Chiastophyllum
is usually treated as a section in
Umbilicus
, as
U
. sect.
Chiastophyllum
, with the genus included in the Telephium clade of
Crassulaceae
subfam.
Sempervivoideae
(
Eggli
et al
. 1995: 179
, 191,
Walker 2003: 364
,
Thiede & Eggli 2007: 97
,
Messerschmid
et al
. 2020: 893
).
Umbilicus
sect.
Chiastophyllum
is monotypic, with
U. oppositifolius
the only included species.
Umbilicus oppositifolius
has fibrous roots, while the roots of all other species of
Umbilicus
are tuberous or rhizomatous. The leaves of
U. oppositifolius
are not peltate and are more or less ovate, whereas all its congeners have more or less peltate leaves with the leaf blades varying little from an orbicular outline (
Fig. 2
) (
Smith & Figueiredo 2011
).
The flowers of
U. oppositifolius
range from light to bright yellow and are carried in branched, arched inflorescences (
Fig. 1
). Selected forms of the species are available in the horticultural trade.