Siphocampylus flavescens (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a New Endangered Species from Southeastern Brazil Author Coelho, Guilherme Peres Programa de Pos-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil guilherme.coelho@acad.pucrs.br Author Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira Programa de Pos-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil. & Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Campus Universitario Capão do Leão, Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010900, Brazil Author Miotto, Silvia Teresinha Sfoggia Programa de Pos-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil text Systematic Botany 2022 Basel, Switzerland 2022-06-15 47 2 562 566 http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16512564801597 journal article 10.1600/036364422x16512564801597 KEY TO DISTINGUISH THE SPECIES OF SIPHOCAMPYLUS IN MINAS GERAIS , BRAZIL 1. Phyllotaxy whorled, rarely opposite.................................................................................................... 2 1. Phyllotaxy alternate, rarely pseudowhorled at apex of branches........................................................................... 5 2. Monocarpic plants; stem erect, not branched, with five or more leaves per node; inferior lobe of corolla free from the apex to near base............................................................................................................... S. sulfureus 2. Polycarpic plants; stem decumbent to sub-erect, branched, with (2–)3(–4) leaves per node; inferior lobe of corolla free only at the apex....... 3 3. Plants entirely glabrous........................................................................................... S. psilophyllus 3. Plants tomentose, especially in the veins of abaxial surface of leaves and peduncles................................................ 4 4. Stem sub-erect, poorly branched, leaves lanceolate; corolla bicolor, tube red, with lobes yellow to greenish.............. S. westinianus 4. Stem decumbent, very branched, leaves ovate to widely ovate; corolla unicolor, entirely yellow......................... S. flavescens 5. Hypanthium hemispheric......................................................................................................... 6 5. Hypanthium obconic............................................................................................................. 9 6. Corolla tube near the same size of the lobes, greenish; corolla lobes falcate; anthers strongly curvate, with a dense golden-yellowish tomentum........................................................................................................ S. umbellatus 6. Corolla tube at least five times longer than the lobes, red to orange; corolla lobes triangular; anthers slightly curvate, glabrescent or with a sparse white tomentum..................................................................................................... 7 7. Leaves coriaceous, shiny on the adaxial surface; calyx lobes deflexed.................................................... S. nitidus 7. Leaves membranaceous, dull on the adaxial surface; calyx lobes erect to sub-erect................................................ 8 8. Leaves, at least in the adaxial face, glabrescent; leaf margin unequally dentate; flowers grouped at the apex of branches, with a cor-ymbiform aspect............................................................................................ S. corymbifer 8. Leaves tomentose; leaf margin repand-denticulate to crenate-denticulate; flowers not grouped at the apex of branches, not corymbiform........................................................................................... S. macropodus 9. Stem woody, erect; leaves sessile or with short petioles up to 0.5 cm ; floral peduncles equaling or smaller than leaves........ S. imbricatus 9. Stem herbaceous, decumbent to sub-lianescent; leaves with petioles longer than 1 cm ; floral peduncles longer than leaves............ 10 10. Plants densely tomentose........................................................................................ S . viscidus 10. Plants glabrescent..................................................................................................... 11 11. Phyllotaxis alternate, pseudowhorled at the apex of branches; leaves sessile to subsessile, blades linear to narrowly elliptic; leaf base acute, margin crenulate to repand, with callose teeth; flowers often grouped in the apex of branches....... S. lycioides 11. Phyllotaxis alternate in the entire branch; leaves distinctly petiolate, blades lanceolate; leaf base acute to obtuse, margin unequally denticulate, without callose teeth; flowers not grouped in the apex of branches................ S. longipedunculatus