Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Author Gardner, Joel AA15FE6E-921A-46D6-BC67-88E067F283D9 Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, 12 Dafoe Rd., Winnipeg, R 3 T 2 N 2, Manitoba, Canada. clickbeetle3364@gmail.com Author Gibbs, Jason BA42A49F-3EBC-4679-8F03-A58E798106B1 Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, 12 Dafoe Rd., Winnipeg, R 3 T 2 N 2, Manitoba, Canada. jason.gibbs@umanitoba.ca text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-02-10 858 1 1 222 http://zoobank.org/d760cf56-dda7-4a35-9a2b-bf1f7e59f313 journal article 265947 10.5852/ejt.2023.858.2041 53d813c3-9674-4b65-9cdc-2ec09ecc445c 2118-9773 7629347 D760CF56-DDA7-4A35-9A2B-BF1F7E59F313 Lasioglossum ( Dialictus ) puteulanum Gibbs, 2009 Figs 54–56 , 92A , 101A , 118A Lasioglossum ( Dialictus ) puteulanum Gibbs, 2009a: 25 ( holotype , ♀ , deposited in PCYU, examined). Lasioglossum ( Dialictus ) puteulanum – Gibbs 2011: 25 , 32 (key to species), 159 (review). Diagnosis Females of L. puteulanum have the tegula relatively small (reaching but not exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin weakly concave, and sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD); face relatively long (length/width ratio usually>0.83); frons reticulate-punctate, without even narrow shiny interspaces between punctures; metapostnotum with coarse, anastomosing rugae, shiny in basal half; mesepisternum strongly imbricate to rugulose with crowded, indistinct punctures (IS = 0 PD); T3 with tomentum limited to basolateral patches; and head and mesosoma usually blue-green to deep blue. Females of L. puteulanum are most similar to those of L. helianthi , L. lepidii , and L. tegulare , all of which have the face shorter (length/width ratio usually ≤ 0.83) and head and mesosoma usually blue-green to olive green. In addition, females of L. helianthi have the T3 disc with sparse tomentum throughout, L. lepidii have the frons and mesepisternum with very dense (IS <0.5 PD) but distinctly separated punctures, the frons appearing smooth and shiny, and L. tegulare have the tegula more densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD). Males of L. puteulanum have the tegula relatively small (as in the female); mesoscutum relatively coarsely and moderately densely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD); metapostnotum shiny with strong subparallel rugae; disc of T2 uniformly densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD) including premarginal line; face with uniformly sparse tomentum below eye emargination; and head and mesosoma usually blue to blue-green. Males of L. puteulanum are most similar to those of L. ellisiae , L. helianthi , L. lepidii , and L. tegulare . Males of L. ellisiae and L. helianthi have the mesoscutum usually more finely and densely punctate (IS ≤1 PD). Males of L. ellisiae and L. lepidii have the disc of T2 more finely and sparsely punctate in apical half (IS = 1–2 PD), not strongly contrasting with apical rims across the premarginal line. Males of L. tegulare have the tegula more densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD), face with sparser tomentum more limited to paraocular area, and head and mesosoma usually greener. Etymology The specific epithet ʻ puteulanum ʼ is a medieval Latin adjective meaning ʻblueʼ. Material examined Holotype UNITED STATES – Florida • ♀ ; Palm Beach Co. ; 26.34889° N , 80.2756° W ; 25 Jan. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU . Other material UNITED STATES – Alabama • 1 ♀ ; Dale Co. , Fort Rucker Mil. Res. ; [ 31.3° N , 85.7° W ]; 20 Apr. 1983 ; R . Turnbow leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1313238 . – Florida • 1 ♀ ; Alachua Co. ; [ 29.7° N , 82.4° W ]; 15 Apr. 1956 ; R . A. Morse leg.; BBSL700637 • 4 ♀♀ , 1 ♂ ; Broward Co. , Broward Beach State Park , Fort Lauderdale ; [ 26.08° N , 80.11° W ]; 9 Dec. 1985 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂ ; Broward Co. , Fort Lauderdale ; [ 26.12° N , 80.14° W ]; 6 Mar. 1979 ; P.W. Kovarik leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1393296 • 15 ♀♀ ; Broward Co. , Hallandale Beach ; [ 25.98° N , 80.15° W ]; 10 Dec. 1985 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; CUIC • 7 ♀♀ ; Broward Co. , Hollywood ; [ 26.01° N , 80.15° W ]; 13 Dec. 1985 ; C.D. Michener leg.; SEMC • 3 ♀♀ ; Broward Co. ; 26.1071° N , 80.2637° W ; 27 Jan. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 032175 , 032210 , 032211 • 2 ♂♂ ; ibid.; 27 Jan. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 031971 , 032048 • 7 ♀♀ ; Citrus Co., Lecanto ; [ 28.85° N , 82.49° W ]; 10 Apr. 1969 ; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL700695 , BBSL700699 , BBSL700700 , BBSL700701 , BBSL700702 , BBSL700703 , BBSL700704 • 1 ♀ , 1 ♂ ; Collier Co. , Collier-Seminole State Park ; [ 25.98° N , 81.6° W ]; 25–26 May 1978 ; N.F. and J.B. Johnson leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂ ; ibid.; 13 Apr. 1986 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀ ; Dade Co. , Matheson Hammock County Park ; [ 25.67° N , 80.27° W ]; 20–21 Mar. 1987 ; Eickwort and Spielholz leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; Dade Co. , Upper Matecumbe Key ; [ 24.92° N , 80.63° W ]; 28 Jun. 1970 ; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1403133 • 2 ♀♀ ; Franklin Co. , coast 10 mi. S of Panacea ; [ 29.92° N , 84.51° W ]; 7 Apr. 1964 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀ ; Hendry Co. ; 26.3121° N , 81.2354° W ; 27 Jan. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 031791 • 1 ♀ ; Highlands Co. , Archbold Biological Station , Lake Placid ; [ 27.18° N , 81.35° W ]; 2 Apr. 1984 ; B. Alexander leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ , 3 ♂♂ ; Highlands Co. , Highlands Hammock State Park ; [ 27.47° N , 81.55° W ]; 14 Apr. 1964 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; SEMC • 2 ♀♀ ; Lee Co. ; 26.2879° N , 81.8309° W ; 7–8 Nov. 2016 ; A. Abbate leg.; WRME 0377287 , 0377288 • 1 ♀ ; Leon Co. , Tall Timbers Research Station , 3 mi. W of Iamonia ; [ 30.66° N , 84.21° W ]; 30 Mar. 1986 ; B. Alexander leg.; CUIC • 3 ♀♀ ; Levy Co. , Chiefland ; [ 29.47° N , 82.86° W ]; 12 Apr. 1969 ; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL700694 , BBSL700696 , BBSL700705 • 1 ♀ ; Liberty Co. , Torreya State Park ; [ 30.57° N , 84.95° W ]; 6 Apr. 1964 ; G.C. Eickwort leg.; SEMC • 13 ♀♀ ; Martin Co. ; 27.083° N , 80.1442° W ; 4 Jun. 2007 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU • 8 ♀♀ ; Martin Co. ; 27.1008° N , 80.152° W ; 4 Jun. 2007 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU • 2 ♂♂ ; Martin Co. ; 27.081° N , 80.1416° W ; 4 Jun. 2007 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU • 1 ♂ ; Monroe Co. , Big Pine Key ; [ 24.69° N , 81.37° W ]; 10 Apr. 1966 ; F.W. Mead leg.; ex tidal flat; BBSL700634 • 1 ♂ ; Monroe Co. , Big Pine Key , Key Deer National Wildlife Refuge ; [ 24.73° N , 81.39° W ]; 25 Mar. 1987 ; Eickwort and Spielholz leg.; CUIC • 3 ♂♂ ; Monroe Co. , Key Largo (city); [ 25.09° N , 80.44° W ]; 22 Mar. 1987 ; Eickwort and Spielholz leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; Monroe Co. , Key Largo , Pennekamp State Park ; [ 25.125° N , 80.406° W ]; 22 Mar. 1987 ; Eickwort and Spielholz leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; Monroe Co. , Middle Cape Sable , Everglades National Park ; [ 25.27° N , 81.12° W ]; 7 Apr. 1966 ; H. V . Weems Jr. leg.; ex Bidens pilosa ; BBSL700636 • 1 ♂ ; Orange Co. , UCF, Orlando ; [ 28.6° N , 81.2° W ]; 10 Jun. 1993 ; S.M. Fullerton leg.; UCFC 0 294 659 • 1 ♂ ; ibid.; 29 Jun. 1993 ; S.M. Fullerton leg.; UCFC 0 294 690 • 1 ♀ ; ibid.; 27 Oct. 1995 ; S.M. Fullerton leg.; UCFC 0 292 299 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; PCYU USGS-DRO 032341 • 4 ♂♂ ; Wakulla Co. , 2 mi. N of Mack’s Landing , Apalachicola National Forest ; [ 30.12° N , 84.64° W ]; 21 May 1981 ; G.C. Eickwort et al. leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; Wakulla Co. , Ochlockonee River State Park ; [ 30° N , 84.48° W ]; 21 May 1981 ; G.C. Eickwort et al. leg.; CUIC • 2 ♀♀ ; Big Coppet Key ; [ 24.6° N , 81.66° W ]; 21 Mar. 1959 ; G. R . Ferguson leg.; BBSL700697 , BBSL700698 • 1 ♂ ; Big Pine Key ; [ 24.69° N , 81.37° W ]; 9 Jun. 1960 ; R . E. Woodruff leg.; BBSL700635 • 1 ♂ ; Brighton ; [ 27.23° N , 81.1° W ]; 19 Apr. 1937 ; J.C. Bradley leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂ ; Crescent City ; [ 29.43° N , 81.51° W ]; 1–3 May 1955 ; H.E. and M.A. Evans leg.; CUIC • 3 ♂♂ ; Gainesville ; [ 29.65° N , 82.32° W ]; 6 May 1955 ; H.E. and M.A. Evans leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; Inverness ; [ 28.84° N , 82.33° W ]; C. Robertson leg.; INHS • 1 ♀ ; Orlando ; [ 28.54° N , 81.38° W ]; Mar. 1944 ; R . Bohart and G. Bohart leg.; BBSL700638 • 1 ♀ ; South Miami ; [ 25.71° N , 80.29° W ]; 8 Jan. 1927 ; S. Graenicher leg.; UCMC • 1 ♀ ; Westchester Miami ; [ 25.75° N , 80.33° W ]; 31 Aug. 2006 ; J.A. Genaro leg.; PCYU . – Georgia • 1 ♀ ; Chatham Co. ; 32.1392° N , 81.1395° W ; 23 Oct. 2009 ; W. Carver leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 138903 • 1 ♀ ; Colquitt Co. , Murphy ; [ 31.07° N , 83.82° W ]; 5 Apr. 1981 ; L.L. Pechuman leg.; CUIC • 2 ♀♀ ; Colquitt Co. , Reed Bingham State Park ; [ 31.17° N , 83.54° W ]; 22 May 1981 ; G.C. Eickwort et al. leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀ ; ibid.; 23 May 1981 ; G.C. Eickwort et al. leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂ ; Bainbridge ; [ 30.9° N , 84.58° W ]; Jul. 1909 ; CUIC . – Hawaii • 3 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. , Hawaii Kai ; 21.2839° N , 157.7152° W ; 3–4 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297263 , 297265 , 297267 • 1 ♀ ; Oahu Co. , Hawaii Kai ; 21.2927° N , 157.7162° W ; 3–4 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297340 • 2 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. , Pearl City ; 21.3945° N , 157.9866° W ; 2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297050 , 297051 • 1 ♀ ; Oahu Co. , Waipio ; 21.3734° N , 158.0008° W ; 2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297210 • 4 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3416° N , 157.9013° W ; 1 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296832 , 296836 , 296840 , 296844 • 3 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3375° N , 157.9016° W ; 1 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296778 , 296790 , 296793 • 1 ♂ ; ibid.; 1 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296771 • 5 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3179° N , 157.8912° W ; 1–2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297397 , 297406 , 297429 , 297430 , 297432 • 3 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3152° N , 157.89° W ; 1–2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297496 , 297500 , 297501 • 5 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3119° N , 157.8879° W ; 1–2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296887 , 296888 , 296890 , 296891 , 296892 • 4 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3034° N , 157.8785° W ; 1–2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296930 , 296963 , 296971 , 296972 • 1 ♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.3213° N , 157.886° W ; 1–2 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297321 • 1 ♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.2945° N , 157.6615° W ; 3–4 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297242 • 4 ♀♀ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.2786° N , 157.7753° W ; 3–4 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297324 , 297326 , 297327 , 297329 • 1 ♂ ; Oahu Co. ; 21.6254° N , 157.9215° W ; 7–8 Mar. 2012 ; S.W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297047 . – Mississippi • 2 ♀♀ ; Jackson Co. ; 30.3657° N , 88.7325° W ; 4–5 Jun. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 043857 , 043858 • 2 ♀♀ ; Jackson Co. ; 30.5297° N , 88.6942° W ; 4–5 Jun. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 044024 , 044025 • 1 ♀ ; Jackson Co. ; 30.4563° N , 88.7824° W ; 4–5 Jun. 2005 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 043950 . – North Carolina • 1 ♀ ; Moore Co. ; 35.2844° N , 79.314° W ; 19 May 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 056825 • 1 ♂ ; Wake Co. ; [ 35.8° N , 78.6° W ]; 10 Jul. 1949 ; M.W. Wing leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂ ; Raleigh ; [ 35.78° N , 78.64° W ]; 16 Jul. 1948 ; M.W. Wing leg.; CUIC . – South Carolina • 1 ♀ ; Aiken Co. , Savannah River Site ; 4–5 May 2018 ; J. Ledvina leg.; WRME • 1 ♀ ; Aiken Co. ; 33.3537° N , 81.6138° W ; 27 Jun. 2013 ; WRME 0377355 • 1 ♀ ; Aiken Co. ; 33.39° N , 81.5461° W ; 16 Jul. 2013 ; WRME • 1 ♀ ; Aiken Co. ; 33.3865° N , 81.6399° W ; 3 Aug. 2013 ; WRME 0377294 • 1 ♀ ; Aiken Co. ; 33.3869° N , 81.6368° W ; 3 Aug. 2013 ; WRME • 1 ♀ ; Barnwell Co. , Savannah River Site ; 15–16 May 2016 ; S. Breland leg.; WRME • 2 ♀♀ ; Barnwell Co. ; 33.1979° N , 81.5873° W ; 4 Jul. 2013 ; WRME 0377353 , 0377354 • 1 ♀ ; Charleston Co. , James Island ; [ 32.74° N , 79.96° W ]; 28 Jun. 1950 ; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1399629 • 1 ♂ ; ibid.; 28 Jun. 1950 ; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1399590 • 1 ♂ ; Charleston Co. , Sullivan’s Island ; [ 32.76° N , 79.84° W ]; 7 Jul. 1950 ; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1360666 • 1 ♀ ; Chesterfield Co. ; 34.6232° N , 80.18993° W ; 18–19 May 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 057409 • 2 ♀♀ ; ibid.; 18–19 May 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 057409 , 057415 • 1 ♀ ; Chesterfield Co. ; 34.5036° N , 80.22485° W ; 18–19 May 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 057184 , 058098 • 1 ♂ ; Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge ; 34.5597° N , 80.2561° W ; 6 Sep. 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 062591 • 1 ♀ ; Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge ; 34.547° N , 80.1766° W ; 6–7 Sep. 2006 ; S.W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 066336 . – Tennessee • 1 ♂ ; 4 Jun. 1918 ; CUIC . Fig. 54. Lasioglossum ( D .) puteulanum Gibbs, 2009 , ♀, holotype (PCYU). A . Lateral habitus. B . Dorsal habitus. C . Face. D . Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm. Fig. 55. Lasioglossum ( D .) puteulanum Gibbs, 2009 , ♂. A . Lateral habitus. B . Dorsal habitus. C . Face. D . Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm. Range Southeastern United States and Hawaii ( Fig. 56 ). Floral hosts ASTERACEAE : Bidens : B. pilosa L. DNA barcodes Twenty confirmed sequences available (BOLD process IDs: BWTWO856-10, DIAL027-06, DIAL028- 06, DIAL029-06, DIAL487-06, DIAL496-06, DIAL498-06, DIAL501-06, DIAL513-06, DIAL514-06, DIAL866-06, DLII393-07, DLII396-07, DLII398-07, DLII411-07, DLII435-07, DLII465-07, DLII472- 07, DLII474-07, DLIII113-18). There is a moderate amount of divergence within these sequences (0.94% maximum intraspecific p-distance). They are closest in terms of p-distance to L. tegulare (0.31% minimum interspecific p-distance). No fixed nucleotide substitutions distinguish L. puteulanum from all other species of the L. gemmatum complex, but two fixed nucleotide substitutions distinguish it from the closely related L. profundum sp. nov. and L. tegulare : 339(C) and 609(T) (Supp. file 2). Comments Lasioglossum puteulanum was previously only known from the southeastern United States . It was first reported from Hawaii by Tabor & Koch (2021) , but has evidently existed there and gone undetected for some time previously. The specimens of L. helianthi from Magnacca et al. (2013) were examined and found to be a mixed series including some L. puteulanum , and a successful DNA barcode from one of these specimens confirmed the identification. How L. puteulanum could have been moved from the southeastern United States to Hawaii is not known. It seems to be a unique case, as the three other species of L. ( Dialictus ) introduced to Hawaii are all native to California . The Alabama specimen recorded here is unusual in that it has only two branches on the metatibial spur, which is normally diagnostic for L. carlinvillense . Its identification was based on other characters and is somewhat tenuous.