Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the tarantula genera Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871, Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1985, and Amazonius n. gen. (Theraphosidae, Psalmopoeinae)
Author
Cifuentes, Yeimy
Author
Bertani, Rogerio
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-02-23
5101
1
1
123
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5101.1.1
journal article
94309
10.11646/zootaxa.5101.1.1
4a42eedd-7b6a-4c9e-8889-90bb8c8bd032
11755334
6253223
0FD7126B-77A7-4B99-A0E7-04298368C3C4
Amazonius burgessi
(
Husser, 2018
)
n. comb.
(
Figs 19
,
311
,
345–352
,
355–356
,
362–363
)
Pseudoclamoris burgessi
Husser, 2018: 74
, figs 4A–B, 5A–C, 6A–C.
Diagnosis.
Females of
Amazonius burgessi
n. comb.
resemble those of
A. elenae
n. comb.
by the multilobular spermathecae (
Figs 351–352
). They can be distinguished by the modified short stiff setae on the ventral area of femur I (
Figs 355–356
). Males resemble those of
A. giovaninii
n. gen.
n. sp.
by the male palpal bulb embolus roughly straight with a slight curvature distally (
Fig. 345–348
). They differ by the embolus tapering from its half in dorsal view (
Fig. 348
).
Type material.
Holotype
male,
paratype
female from
Colombia
,
Amazonas
,
Leticia
(
4°7’44.7”S
,
69°58’42.5”W
)
H. W. Auer
leg., 2010 (
SMF 69513-84
,
69514-84
), examined (
Figs 345–348, 352
).
Other material examined.
VENEZUELA
:
Amazonas
:
Puerto Ayacucho
[
5°39’N
,
67°34’W
],
2 males
,
R
.
West
col., on low vegetation by creek,
September 1991
(
MNRJ 7714
)
;
COLOMBIA
:
Caquetá
:
Florencia
[
1°36’N
,
75°36’W
]
1 female
,
Sede
de recreación antiguo
Coafretal, F
. Ortíz col. (ICN-Ar-7530); (1°30’5.39’’N, 75°39’46.26’’W)
,
1 female
,
1 male
,
2 juveniles
,
Centro de Investigación Amazónica
(
CIMAZ
),
Eduardo Florez
and
Animal Taxonomy
students of
Colombia
National University
, manual collection at night in the forest, on the ground and on tree trunk (ICN-Ar-10754).
Redescription.
Female (ICN-Ar-7530). Total length, not including chelicerae or spinnerets 31.40. Carapace 16.26 long, 13.68 wide, 8.04 high. Chelicera: 8.31 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 11.95, 7.49, 9.75, 8.77, 5.21, 43.17; II: 10.92, 6.69, 8.46, 8.45, 4.85, 39.37; III: 9.92, 5.89, 7.38, 8.53, 4.84, 36.56; IV: 12.16, 6.39, 10.26, 11.29, 4.71, 44.81; Palp: 8.33, 4.90, 5.63, -, 5.44, 24.3. Midwidths: femora I–IV= 2.43, 2.74, 2.76, 2.16, palp= 2.01; patellae I–IV= 2.72, 2.38, 2.70, 2.63, palp= 2.22; tibiae I–IV= 2.32, 2.14, 2.30, 2.50, palp= 2.13; metatarsi I–IV= 2.20, 1.97, 1.77, 1.66; tarsi I–IV= 1.99, 1.92, 1.85, 1.89, palp= 1.94. Abdomen: 15.16 long, 8.35 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.78 long, 0.84 wide, 0.67 apart; PLS, 2.87 basal, 1.70 middle, 2.76 distal; midwidths 2.04, 1.91, 1.52, respectively. Carapace: 1.19 times longer than wide; cephalic region slightly raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: deep, straight, 2.01 wide. Eyes: eye tubercle 1.24 high, 2.11 long, 3.60 wide. Clipeus: absent. Anterior eye row straight, posterior slightly recurved. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.76, ALE 0.81, PME 0.42, PLE 0.65, AME–AME 0.56, AME–ALE 0.28, AME–PME 0.30, ALE–ALE 2.61, ALE–PME 0.55, PME–PME 1.92, PME–PLE 1.18, PLE–PLE 2.75, ALE–PLE 0.29. Maxilla: length to width 1.63. Cuspules: 141 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 2.09 long, 2.76 wide, with ca. 195 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on anterior third. Chelicera: basal segment with 10 teeth in row. Strikers: Long and short filiform setae, disposed without discernible pattern on a ventral-basal portion of chelicera before the teeth row (
Fig. 350
). Sternum: 7.80 long, 5.95 wide.
Legs: Formula: I = IV II III. Length leg IV to leg I: 1.04. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate; IV with a few sparse setae. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III 1/2 distal; IV 1/3 distal. IV divided by rows of setae. Femora I ventrally and laterally with short scale like setae (
Figs 355–356
). Spination: Palps and legs (ventral apical: tibia/metatarsi): Palp 0; I: 0/0; II 2/0; III 1/0; IV 0/2. Maxillary stridulatory organ weakly developed, composed of slightly thick setae with rugose aspect, not disposed on an ordered line, grouped forming an oval patch on the prolateral face of the maxillae (
Fig. 349
).
Spermathecae (
Fig. 351
): Two spermathecae completely separated, curved apically with an apical constriction forming lobes disposed as a crown, two striae from base to apex form a fold on ventral view.
Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Carapace and abdomen dark brown, legs and palpal femora brown with golden setae; tibia, metatarsus and tarsus brown.
Redescription.
Male
holotype
(SMF 69513-84
)
. Total length, not including chelicerae or spinnerets 23.30. Carapace 10.61 long, 10.10 wide, 2.92 high. Chelicera: 3.69 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: missing on both sides; II:11.57, 5.24, 9.71, 9.80, 4.89, 41.21; III: 9.84, 4.58, 7.94, 9.05, 4.60, 36.01; IV: 12.20, 5.16, 10.70, 12.72, 4.47, 45.25; Palp: 7.71, 4.03, 6.78, -, 2.20, 20.72. Midwidths: femora II–IV (I missing) = 1.97, 2.21, 2.09, palp= 1.51; patella II–IV= 1.97, 2.01, 1.90, palp= 1.88; tibiae II–IV= 1.51, 1.51, 1.56, palp= 1.57; metatarsi II–IV= 1.07, 1.00, 1.04; tarsi II–IV= 1.06, 1.30, 1.23, palp= 1.69. Abdomen: 12.17 long, 7.94 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.08 long, 0.57 wide, 0.43 apart; PLS, 2.07 basal, 1.34 middle, 2.39 distal; midwidths 0.77, 0.83, 0.65, respectively. Carapace: 1.05 times longer than wide; cephalic region slightly raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: deep, straight, 0.80 wide. Eyes: eye tubercle 0.34 high, 1.73 long, 2.48 wide. Clipeus: absent. Anterior eye row straight, posterior slightly recurved. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.67, ALE 0.54, PME 0.33, PLE 0.54, AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.22, AME–PME 0.13, ALE–ALE 1.72, ALE–PME 0.31, PME–PME 1.38, PME– PLE 0.13, PLE–PLE 1.81, ALE–PLE 0.20. Maxilla: length to width 2.45. Cuspules: ca. 155 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 1.59 long, 1.91 wide, with ca. 154 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on anterior third. Chelicera: basal segment with 9 teeth in row. Strikers: Long and short filiform setae, disposed without any pattern on a ventral-basal portion of chelicera before the teeth row. Sternum: 5.69 long, 4.56 wide.
FIGURES 345–352.
Amazonius burgessi
n. comb.
(345–348)
male holotype (SMF 69513-84), left bulb (mirrored).
345,
retrolateral.
346,
prolateral.
347,
frontal.
348,
dorsal.
(349–351)
female (ICN-Ar 7530).
349,
left maxilla (mirrored) showing lyra.
350,
basal chelicerae showing strikers.
351,
spermathecae.
352,
female paratype (SMF 69514-84), spermathecae. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURES 353–361.
Setae on femur I, females.
(353–354)
Amazonius elenae
n. comb.
(MZUSP 37479).
353,
left femur I, proventral.
354,
same, detail of basal area.
(355–356)
Amazonius burgessi
n. comb.
, paratype (SMF 69514-84).
355,
femur I, proventral.
356,
same, detail of basal area.
(357–359)
Amazonius giovaninii
n. gen.
n. sp.
, holotype (MNRJ 7715).
357,
femur I, ventral.
358–359
, same, detail of basal area.
(360–361)
Amazonius germani
n.gen.
n. sp.
, holotype (MPEG 007435).
360,
femur I, proventral.
361,
same, detail of basal area. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURES 362–363.
Amazonius burgessi
n. comb.
, living.
362,
female from Peru, Loreto,
Rio Ucayali.
363,
male from same locality. Photos: Rick C. West.
Legs: Formula I = IV II III, length leg IV to leg I: 0.96 (legs I missing, but see remarks below). Scopula: Tarsi II–IV fully scopulate; IV with a few sparse setae. Metatarsi II fully scopulate; III 2/3 distal; IV 1/3 distal. IV divided by rows of setae. Spination: Palps and legs (ventral apical: tibia/metatarsi): Palp 1/-; I: missing; II: 2/0; III 0/2; IV 0/2. Maxillary stridulatory organ: weakly developed, composed of slender setae with rugose aspect, not disposed on an ordered line, grouped forming an oval patch on the prolateral face of the maxillae. Tibial apophysis: two processes, retrolateral longer than prolateral, one spine at side of prolateral, one at apical part of retrolateral process. Metatarsus I folds on retrolateral side of tibial apophysis. Both holotype’s leg I missing (see remarks below).
Palp (
Figs 345–348
): tegulum length 0.94, width 1.24, embolus proximal width 0.54, length 4.01. Embolus proximal portion straight. Embolus length to tegulum length: 4.36. Embolus roughly straight with a slight curvature distally, tapering from its half to its tip in dorsal view. Embolus tip roughly straight.
Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Carapace, legs, palpal femora, and tibiae light brown. Whitish rings on distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen beige. Coxae, sternum, maxillae and labium light brown, a littler darker on anterior half of coxae I, II and the maxillae.
FIGURES 364–371.
Amazonius giovaninii
n. gen.
n. sp. (364–370)
paratype male (INPA 9105).
(364–367)
left bulb (mirrored).
364,
retrolateral.
365,
prolateral.
366,
frontal.
367,
dorsal.
(368–370)
left leg I tibial apophysis.
368,
ventral.
369,
prolateral.
370,
retrolateral.
371,
holotype female (MNRJ 7715), spermathecae. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Remarks.
Even though the leg I apophysis was described and illustrated in the original publication, both legs I of the
holotype
are missing. The information on the apophysis and legs proportions are from the original publication and the specimen ICN-Ar-10754.
Distribution.
Venezuela
,
Colombia
and
Peru
(
Fig. 311
).