Taxonomy on crane flies in family Tipulidae and Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea) from Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, Anhui, China
Author
Men, Qiulei
Author
Lu, Zhiyong
Author
Sheng, Pingping
Author
Gui, Xiang
Author
Wang, Zhizhong
Author
Mu, Dan
text
Zoological Systematics
2017
42
4
476
489
journal article
10.11865/zs.201720
2095-6827
5366761
965EE80F-11BE-430D-91CA-325C66A9FD1D
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
jiangi
Yang & Yang, 1991
(
Figs 54–66
)
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
jiangi
Yang & Yang, 1991: 253
.
Diagnosis. The species is general yellowish-brown in coloration. Head is yellowish-brown with a brown occipital stripe. Prescutum is grayish-brown, heavily pruinose, with four brown stripes. Wings are grayish-brown with cells c and sc darker than ground color. Abdominal tergites one to four are yellowish-brown with darker stripes medially and laterally, tergites five to eight are wholly dark brown. Tergite nine is separated medially into two parts, with a pair of angular arms ventrally. Gonocoxite is elongate, widened basally and gradually narrowed to apex forming a horn directed dorsally.
Description. Male body length 16.0 mm, wing
18.4mm
, antenna
3.5 mm
.
Head. Rostrum yellowish-brown with nasus slightly darker. Antennae with scape elongated, yellowish, slightly expanded apically; pedicel very short, pot-shaped, yellowish; flagellum with basal two segments yellow, the rest segments yellowish-gray, with slightly enlarged base dark brown, each flagellomere with black verticils distinctly longer than the flagellomeres from which they arise. Palpi brown. Head yellowish -brown, occipital stripe brown, gradually narrowed to apex, the point extending to the base of vertical tubercle (
Fig. 54
).
Thorax. Pronotum grayish-brown, with a narrowed yellow area on anterior margin. Prescutum grayish-brown, heavily pruinose, with four brown stripes, all stripes with darker margins (
Fig. 55
). The median stripe broadened apically and gradually narrowed to base, the lateral stripes long-oval (
Fig. 55
). Scutum grayish-brown, heavily pruinose, lobes with a dark brown spots (
Fig. 55
). Scutellum grayish-brown, pruinose, median area paler (
Fig. 55
). Postnotum grayish-brown, heavily pruinose (
Fig. 55
). Pleura grayish-brown, anepisternum, katepisternum and meron distinctly pruinose (
Fig. 56
). Halteres with stem yellowish-brown, knob dark brown. Legs with coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellowish-brown with dark brown apex; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wing with ground color grayish-brown, cells c and sc darker than ground color, stigma dark brown, Rs tinged with dark brown at both ends, apex of wing tinged with light brown including bases of cells r
1+2
, r
3
, r
4+5
, m, cu, the bases of cells m and cu tinged with light brown (
Fig. 57
). Rs relatively long, slightly shorter than R
3
, R
1+2
entire, discal cell relatively broad, petiole of cell m
1
distinctly shorter than discal cell (
Fig. 57
).
Abdomen. Abdominal tergites one to four yellowish-brown with median and lateral stripes, tergites five to eight wholly dark brown (
Fig. 58
). Sternites one to four yellowish-brown without stripes, sternites five to eight wholly dark brown. Hypopygium dark brown (
Figs 58–59
). Gonocoxite elongate, separated from sternite nine, widened basally and gradually narrowed to apex forming a horn directed dorsally (
Figs 60–62
). Tergite nine separated medially, a pair of angular arms arising from ventral surface of tergite nine (
Fig. 61
). Sternite nine with a median prominence, on each side of which with a pair of finger-like processes (
Fig. 62
). Outer gonostylus simple, long lobes (
Figs 60–62
). Inner gonostylus with two beaks and a transverse ridge medially, dorsal angle rounded in outer lateral view, with a transparent angular lobe on inner side in dorsal view (
Figs 60–64
).
Semen pump with compressor apodeme V-shaped, each arm expanded apically (
Fig. 66
). Posterior immovable apodeme straight, narrowed to apex, subequal in length to compressor apodeme (
Fig. 65
). Anterior immovable apodeme with arms broad (
Fig. 65
). Aedeagus slender, at least 2.5 times longer than semen pump (
Fig. 65
).
Material
examined.
1♂
,
Anhui
,
Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve
,
Yaoluoping Village
(
30°59'N
,
116°04'E
),
15 August 2013
, coll.
Qiulei Men.
Distribution.
China
(
Anhui
,
Hubei
,
Sichuan
)
Figures 54–60.
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
jiangi
. 54. Head, dorsal view. 55. Thorax, dorsal view. 56. Thorax, lateral view. 57. Wing. 58. Abdomen, lateral view. 59, 60. Hypopygium, lateral view. Scale bars: 54–58 = 1.0 mm; 59–60 =0.5 mm.
Key to crane flies in Yaoluoping National Natural Reserve.
1. Terminal segment of palpus elongate, distinctly longer than rest segments; nasus usually distinct; Sc
1
usually atrophied or incomplete (
Tipulidae
)............................................................................................................................................................................................2 Terminal segment of palpus short, subequal to rest segments in length; nasus absent; Sc
1
complete (
Limoniidae
).............................3
2. Second to ninth flagellomere with two branches.................................................................................................
Dictenidia yuexiensis
Flagellomere without branch................................................................................................................................................................4
3. Inner gonostylus with processes or lobes .............................................................................................................................................5 Inner gonostylus without any prominence ....................................................................................
Hexatoma
(
Eriocera
)
cleopatroides
4. Terminal of femora with comb-like bristle........................................................................................................................................... 6 Terminal of femora without comb-like bristle...................................................................................................................................... 7
5. Femora with a pale brown subterminal ring; inner gonostylus subtriangular.................................
Libnotes
(
Libnotes
)
pseudonohirai
Femora
without such subterminal ring; inner gonostylus oval...............................................................
Libnotes
(
Libnotes
)
wanensis
6. Pleura with a narrow stripe ................................................................................................................................
Holorusia herculeana
Pleura
without stripe ................................................................................................................................................
Holorusia henana
7. Rs very short, Sc ending nearly opposite origin of Rs .......................................
Nephrotoma impigra anqingensis
Men
,
subsp. nov.
Rs elongate, Sc meeting R beyond origin of Rs ...................................................................................................................................8
8. Male hypopygium with tergite nine produced into a simple finger-like prominence apically...................
Tipula
(
Yamatotipula
)
nova
Tergite nine of male hypopygium without such prominence apically .................................................................................................. 9
9. Ovipositor with hypovalva short, triangular....................................................................................................................................... 10 Ovipositor with hypovalva elongated, acinacifoliate ......................................................................................................................... 11
10. Tergite nine with narrow notch medially, apically divided into two finger-like projections ...
Tipula
(
Emodotipula
)
yaoluopingensis
Tergite nine without such notch and finger-like projections......................................
Tipula
(
Emodotipula
)
alexanderi
Men
,
sp. nov.
11. Tergite nine produced into narrowed, sword-shaped projection in lateral angle ..........................
Tipula
(
Pterelachisus
)
biaciculifera
Tergite nine not as above....................................................................................................................................................................12
12. Gonocoxite elongate, paliform apically ......................................................................................................
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
coxitalis
Gonocoxite
short, acute apically .....................................................................................................................
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
jiangi
Funding
This
study is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of
China
(31300551), the start-
Figures 61–66.
Tipula
(
Vestiplex
)
jiangi
. 61. Hypopygium, dorsal view. 62. Hypopygium, ventral view. 63. Inner gonostylus, lateral view. 64. Inner gonostylus, dorsal view. 65. Semen pump, lateral view. 66. Compressor apodeme, dorsal view. Scale bars: 61–62 = 0.5 mm; 63–66 = 0.25 mm.
up grant of scientific research from Anqing Normal University (044-K05000130005).
Acknowledgments
I wish to express sincere thanks to Dr. Pjotr Oosterbroek, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
the Netherlands
, for his help with literature and for his valuable web site, the Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (http://ccw.naturalis.nl/index.php). I also want to thank Dr. Pavel Starkevich, the Nature Research Centre,
Lithuania
, for his help with translation of literature in Russian.