Four new species of Xiphocentron Brauer, 1870 (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae) from the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil Author Vilarino, Albane 44216FF8-7A20-499F-969F-0A626D8425AF Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040 - 901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. albanevilarino@gmail.com Author Cavalcante, Bruna Maria Silva 7C9D157E-B681-4372-88DB-F79EE3A551EB Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 971, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. bmsilva.bio@gmail.com Author Dumas, Leandro Lourenço 55D870A2-6CE2-492E-8E05-2077D5C0CB11 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 971, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. lldumas82@gmail.com Author Nessimian, Jorge Luiz 6FF1B417-72F2-4E5C-84C9-28D58B6A762F Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 971, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. jnessimian@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2018 2018-06-05 441 1 16 journal article 22132 10.5852/ejt.2018.441 2fc3858a-c84a-4b54-9430-df27641a5916 3827576 22EF1EE7-D663-4795-8FF6-B5C5ABF555DA Xiphocentron ( Antillotrichia ) tijuca sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 414E4BF3-15E5-44EB-890B-3EDE51ED8173 Figs 8–9 Diagnosis The new species can be differentiated from its congeners by the preanal appendage with a subbasal region markedly produced mesad when observed dorsally. Moreover, in ventral view, the apical region of the inferior appendage is subapically thin, then enlarged apically and bent dorsad. The tergum IX is distinct by the soft and shallow incision on the anterior margin, which is deeper in most of the other species. Etymology The specific epithet refers to the Parque Nacional da Tijuca, a tropical rainforest in the city of Rio de Janeiro where the specimens were collected. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL : ♂ , Rio de Janeiro State , Rio de Janeiro , Parque Nacional da Tijuca , Gruta Paulo e Virgínia , Rio Archer , 22°57′15.3″ S , 43°17′29.9″ W , alt. 593 m , 11 Nov. 2015 , B.M. Silva , L.L. Dumas , J.L. Nessimian and F. Quintarelli leg. ( DZRJ 7338 ). Paratypes BRAZIL : 1 ♂ , Rio de Janeiro State , Rio de Janeiro , Parque Nacional da Tijuca , Cachoeira das Almas , Rio das Almas , 22°56′55.8″ S , 43°17′09.6″ W , alt. 583 m , 11 Oct. 2014 , B.M. Silva , L.L. Dumas , J.L. Nessimian , K.A. Estevão and F. Quintarelli leg, ( DZRJ 7339 ); 1 ♂ , Rio de Janeiro , Parque Nacional da Tijuca , Rio Cova da Onça , 22°57′45.2″ S , 43°17′36.5″ W , alt. 494 m , 12 Nov. 2015 , B.M. Silva , L.L. Dumas , J.L. Nessimian and F. Quintarelli leg. ( MZSP 5414 ) . Description Adult Forewing length 3.5 mm (n =3). Overall color (in alcohol) nearly uniformly medium brown. Tibial spur formula 2-4-3. Hind tibia apical spurs not modified ( Fig. 8A ). Forewings covered with uniformly fine, brown setae, with an opaque region on anterior margin between Sc and R1 veins. Wing venation ( Fig. 8B ). Forewings: forks II and IV present; Sc reaching Costa ; fork II petiolated, nygma outside fork; thyridial cell closed; two anal veins present. Hind wings: forks II and V present; Rs with three branches R2+3, R4 and R5; R1 absent. Abdominal sternum V bearing pair of mammiform glandular regions. Male genitalia ( Fig. 9 A–E) Tergum IX, in lateral view ( Fig. 9A ), dorsally short and ventrally broad, anteroventral margin undulated, posterior margin rounded, dorsal region produced posterad, forming lobe; in dorsal view ( Fig. 9B ), with anterior margin presenting a shallow concave incision, posterior margin projected with shallow concave central incision; posterolateral margins rounded. Sternum IX, in lateral view ( Fig. 9A ), with dorsal margin undulated, anterior margin with medial apodeme, ventrally acutely angled, but without indentation, ventral margin rounded, posterior margin truncate; apodeme apically acuminate; in ventral view ( Fig. 9C ), posterior margin produced, with medial broad and shallow concave incision, anterior margin straight, lateral apodemes half as long as sternum IX, tapered apically. Segment X semi-membranous; in lateral view ( Fig. 9A ), elongated, truncated apically, apicoventrally produced; in dorsal view ( Fig. 9B ), wider basally, closed through all over its length, membranous basally and medially, apex split into two lateral lobes; in ventral view ( Fig. 9C ), ventral region of segment as two triangular lobes near apex, lobes touching each other apically. Preanal appendages elongated, about 1.5× as long as segment X, setose; in lateral view ( Fig. 9A ), basally directed posterodorsally, then bent posterad, constricted at mid-length, strongly enlarged apically, apex rounded, slightly crenulated; in dorsal view ( Fig. 9B ), with subbasal region produced medially, subapical region slightly enlarged, tapering to rounded apex. Inferior appendages with articles completely fused; basal region, in lateral view ( Fig. 9A ), broad, ventral margin not produced; apical region as long as basal region, slender, very thin subapically, apex bent dorsally, enlarged; inner face with smooth undulations ranging from mesal sclerite to near apex, mesally with four spines below mesal sclerite; mesal sclerite small. Phallus tubular, long and slender; in lateral view ( Fig. 9D ), apex about twice as broad as base; in dorsal view ( Fig. 9E ), apex not enlarged, semi-membranous.