Phaenospila gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) and three new species from Thailand Author Yao, Junli Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. Author Achterberg, Cornelis Van 0000-0002-6495-4853 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6495 - 4853 Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40546 - 0091, U. S. A. Author Sharkey, Michael J. 0000-0001-6201-7340 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6201 - 7340 Author Chapman, Eric G. 0000-0003-3464-3074 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3464 - 3074 Author Fang, Shuqian 0000-0002-9216-2132 Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9216 - 2132 Author Aizezi, Ayizuohere 0000-0002-6664-6088 Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6664 - 6088 Author Li, Jimin 0000-0002-7436-6609 Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7436 - 6609 text Zootaxa 2022 2022-10-14 5195 5 468 484 journal article 169748 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.5.5 2489f371-1d4c-491a-93dd-a1105f3764db 1175-5326 7223783 BC6FDDF5-45B9-4F4B-B9B2-4EBB8A070F59 Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg & Yao sp. nov. ( Fig. 2 : A–I) Consensus barcode. AGTTTTATATTTTTTATTTGGTATTTGAGCTGGTTTTGTAGGTTTATCAATAAGAATTATTATTCGATTAGAATTAGGGGTATCAGGTTCATTATTAATAAATGATCAAATTTATAATAGGGTAGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCAGTAATATTAGGGGGGTTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCTTTAATATTAGGGGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATGAATAATATAAGAT TTTGATTATTATTACCTTCATTATTATTATTAGTTTTAAGAGGTTTATTGAATGTAGGAGTTGGTACTGGTTGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCATCAAGAATTGGGCATAGAGGGATTTCTGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCAGGGGTATCTTCTATTATAGGAGTAATTAATTTTTTAACAACAATT TTTAATATAAAATCTTATAAAATAAAATTTGATCAATTAAGTTTATTTGTGTGGTCAATTATAATTACGGCAATTTTATTATTATTATCATTACCAGTTTTAGCTGGTGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATTTAAATACTACTTTTTTTGATTTTTCAGGGGGGGGGGATCCAATTTTATTTCAACATTTATTT Description. Holotype , ♀ (QSBG), length of body 2.0 mm; length of fore wing 2.3 mm . Head . Antenna 33 antennomeres, 1.6 × as long as fore wing, AS 3: AS 4: AS 5=7:19:10; AS 3 3.4 × its maximum wide, AS 4 7.8 × longer its maximum wide, ( Fig. 2F ); head 2.2 × as wide as long, 1.8 × as wide as mesoscutum (in dorsal view); head at level of eyes 1.2 × wider than at level of temples ( Fig. 2E ); eyes 3.2 × as long as the temples ( Fig. 2E ); distance between antennal sockets slightly longer than their diameter, distance from eye to antennal socket slightly shorter than diameter of antennal socket; glabrous between antennal sockets; frons with a round pit; distance of ocelli from each other shorter than diameter of ocellus; OOL slightly longer than width of ocellar area ( Fig. 2E ); frons, vertex, occiput and temples smooth, with sparse setae ( Fig. 2E ); epicranial suture weak ( Fig. 2E ); face 1.6 × wider than high, smooth and covered with long setae, with complete and glabrous medio-longitudinal carina ( Fig. 2C ); clypeus protruding, 2.0 × wider than long, glabrous medially, edge smooth, with long setae, epistomal groove with fine wrinkles ( Fig. 2C ); mandible 2.5 × as long as wide, lower edge almost straight, curve near tooth 3, upper slightly up curved, apical width about 0.9 × basal width; tooth 1 small, upper edge curve, tooth 2 pointed, much larger than tooth 1 and tooth 3, tooth 3 pointed downwards; outer surface of mandible smooth, with sparse setae, teeth glabrous, deeply hollowed out medially ( Fig. 2D ); maxillary palp barely reaching mid femur ( Fig. 2D, F ), nearly 2.0 × longer than height of head, 1.1 × hind femur. Mesosoma . Mesosoma 2.2 × as long as high; pronope present ( Fig. 2E ), pronotum smooth laterally, with transverse ridges medially and sparse setae posteriorly ( Fig. 2E ); mesopleuron with sparse and long setae anteriorly and posteriorly, but glabrous medially ( Fig. 2F ); precoxal sulcus crenulated and complete, widened medially ( Fig. 2F ); pleural sulcus slightly crenulate ventrally, remainder smooth; episternal scrobe medium-sized, round and not connected to pleural sulcus; metapleuron reticulate and covered with dense setae around edge and posteriorly, antero-dorsally glabrous with a pit, hollowed out antero-ventrally ( Fig. 2H ); mesoscutum slightly wider than long, median lobe slightly protruding, with several short setae along notaulic trace, otherwise glabrous; notauli present anterior 1/3, crenulate sparsely ( Fig. 2E ); midpit round; scutellar sulcus with one strong medio-longitudinal carina and two weak carinae laterally ( Fig. 2H ); scutellum slightly convex, with sparse setae laterally; metanotum with one full length ridge and two half-length ridges, crenulated laterally ( Fig. 2H ); propodeum with several setae laterally, anterior 1/4 of propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina and glabrous medially, slightly wrinkled laterally, remainder of propodeum reticulate ( Fig. 2H ); postpectal carina present ventrally and more or less lamelliform ( Fig. 2C ). Wings . Fore wing: pterostigma wide and oval shaped, vein r emitted from posterior 1/3 of pterostigma, length of vein r 0.6 × as long as pterostigma width, forming an obtuse angle with vein 3-SR; vein SR1 extending above wing tip; vein SR1 4.1 × longer than vein 3-SR; vein 2-SR: vein 3-SR: r-m = 6: 5: 3; 1-SR+M slightly sinuate; vein m-cu slightly antefurcal. 2nd submarginal cell 2.4 wider than height, narrow posteriorly, vein cu-a slightly postfurcal, vein 1-CU1: 2-CU1 = 1: 8 ( Fig. 2B ); vein 3-CU1: vein CU1b=1:1. Hind wing: vein M+CU 1.3 × vein 1-M; vein m-cu antefurcal ( Fig. 2B ). Legs . Hind coxa and femur slender, entirely with dense, long setae; hind tibia slender; hind femur 5.9 × longer than its maximum width; hind femur 0.8 × longer than hind tibia, hind femur 1.6 × longer than hind basitarsus. Metasoma . Length of T1 about 2.1 × its apical width, apical width 1.4 × its basal width, dorsope large and protruding, dorsal carinae not converging, extending to apical 1/3 of T1; area between dorsal carinae smooth, remainder of T1 regularly longitudinally striate ( Fig. 2H ); ovipositor long, maximal visible part roughly 1.8 × mesosoma, ovipositor sheath with dense setae ( Fig. 2I ) and its setose part as long as hind tibia ( Fig. 2I ). Color . Dark yellow. Antenna pale white to dark brown, two basal segments and AS 3 dark yellow, AS 4 light brown, apical segment 3–16 pale white, the remainder dark brown; palpi pale yellow; frons, vertex, occiput and temples setae white; epicranial suture black; head dark yellow except apical part of mandible, ocellar area and eyes dark brown; mesosoma dark yellow, antero-ventrally light yellow; metasoma dark yellow, metasoma brown apically; legs light yellow to yellow; pterostigma dark yellow, veins light brown. Material examined . Holotype ♀ (H20045) THAILAND Petchaburi , Kaeng Krachan NP , Panernthung /km30, viewpoint, 12°49.259'N , 99°22.059'E , elevation 970m , Malaise trap 15–22.viii.2008 , Sirichai & Jatupon leg., ( QSBG ) T4365 . Paratypes : 2♀ (H20035, H19738) same data as holotype ( RMNH , BIIC ) ; 3♂ (H20041, H20068) same data as holotype, ( BIIC , QSBG ) ; 3♀ (H20044, H20098, H20161), same data as holotype, except km33/helipad, 12°50.177'N , 99°20.688'E , elevation 735m , Malaise trap 28.xii.2008 – 4.i.2009 , Sirichai , leg., ( QSBG , RMNH , BIIC ) T4407 ; 3♀ (H20129, H20145, H19964) same data as holotype, except km33/helipad, 12°50.177'N , 99°20.688'E , elevation 735m , Malaise trap 28.xii.2008 – 4.i.2009 , Sirichai , leg., ( RMNH , BIIC ) T4407 ; 2♀ (H20139, H20097) same data as holotype, except km33/helipad, 12°50.177'N , 99°20.688'E , elevation 735m , Malaise trap 28.xii.2008 – 4.i.2009 , Sirichai , leg., ( BIIC , RMNH ) T4407 ; 1♀ (H20052) THAILAND Loei , Phu Kradueng NP , Mixed deciduous/N Na Noy office, 16°48.17'N , 101°47.67'E , elevation 276m , Malaise trap 14–1.v.2008 , Thonghuay Phatai leg., ( BIIC ) T5007 . FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg & Yao sp. nov. , ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect. Variation . Body length: 2.0– 2.6 mm ; length of fore wing 2.0– 2.6 mm ; width of head 2.1–2.4 × as wide as long; 31–41 antennomeres, apical antennomeres 3 to apical antennomeres 12–15 pale yellow; scutellar sulcus with one or three ridges; frons of one specimen without round pit; male mostly same as female, except scutellar sulcus with one ridge, antenna apical half light brown, basal half brown, notauli present on anterior 1/3 and smooth, vein 3-CU1: vein CU1b=2:3. Distribution . Thailand . Host . Unknown. Etymology . The name refers to the relatively short medio-longitudinal carina of the propodeum; “brevis” is Latin for short and “carina” is Latin for keel, or ridge.