Morphological and molecular data reveal fifteen new sympatric Zygomyia Winnertz, 1864 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) species from Ecuador Author Kurina, Olavi 0000-0002-4858-4629 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi st 5 - D, 51006 Tartu, Estonia. & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, División de Entomología, Quito 170505, Ecuador. olavi.kurina@emu.ee Author Õunap, Erki 0000-0001-6489-0055 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi st 5 - D, 51006 Tartu, Estonia. & Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia. erki. ounap @ ut. ee; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6489 - 0055 erki.ounap@ut.ee text Zootaxa 2023 2023-01-04 5227 1 1 49 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.1 1175-5326 7518273 6D8AD4FA-0461-47C9-98E0-183015C0CC31 Zygomyia pectinella sp. nov. ( Figs 1G , 11A–F , 19B ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DBA5655D-B431-4872-8542-205E2C82989D Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, ECUADOR , Napo Province , Yanayacu Biological Station , 0.5956S 77.8942W , alt. 2234 m , 29.viii–3.ix.2019 , X. Mengual , T. Salden leg., double Malaise trap (mounted from alcohol with terminalia in glycerine, INABIO ; specimen code: MECN-EN-DIP-4866; one fore leg used for DNA extraction, GenBank accession number: OP747430 ) . PARATYPES : 2 ♂♂, same as holotype (1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, ZFMK ; 1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, IZBE ) . Diagnosis. Distinguished by straight posteroventral margin of the gonocoxites, ventral branch of the gonostylus with posteromedial comb of long spines on the ventral lobe, and two-lobed dorsal branch of the gonostylus with small, roundish dorsal lobe bearing long setae and elongated ventral lobe with setae at lateral margin and one seta and a spine at posteromedial corner. Description. Male (n = 2). Body length 2.1–2.2 mm . Wing length 2.0 mm; ratio of length to width 2.54. Head. Dark yellow with numerous dark setae. Two ocelli close to eye margins. Clypeus yellow, somewhat lighter than head. Mouth-parts yellow. Palpus with all segments light brown, ratios of three apical segments 1:1.14:1.71. Scape, pedicel and basal half of first flagellomere yellow, other flagellomeres light brown. Flagellomeres cylindrical, first flagellomere 2.2 × as long as broad, fourth flagellomere 1.4 × as long as broad, apical flagellomere conical, 2.86 × as long as broad basally. Flagellomeres with short yellowish setae. Thorax. Mesonotum dark yellow. Pleural parts dark yellow, except katepisternum and anepimeron somewhat lighter. All bristles and setae on thorax brown. Scutellum with marginal setae, including four strong bristles. Antepronotum with setae, including 4–5 bristles of different lengths. Proepisternum with setae including 3 stronger bristles. Anepisternum with a number of posteriorly-directed short setae and 3 bristles of different lengths on dorsal part. Anepimeron with short setae and 2 bristles on dorsal part. Laterotergite with 2–3 dorsally-directed setae at hind margin. Metepimeron with 2 setae on posterior part. Halter yellow. All legs entirely yellow. Tarsi appear darker, due to dense brown setation. Whole anterior side of fore coxa, apical fourth of anterior side of mid coxa and all femora clothed in dark setae. Hind coxa with 2–3 setae on posterior side apically. Mid and hind femora, both with 3-4 apicoventral bristles. Mid tibia with 2 a, 4 d (progressively longer towards apex), 1–2 p and 2 v (one additional short seta can present). Hind tibia with 7 a and 5 d (progressively longer towards apex). Length ratio of femur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.38, 1.21–1.28, 0.78–0.88. Length ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.14–1.26, 1.28–1.50, 1.68–1.72. Wing membrane with light brownish tinge but without distinct markings. Veins light brown. R 1 and R 4+5 with strong setae on both sides. Crossvein rm and bM-Cu glabrous. Dorsal surfaces of M 1 and M 2 with setae along apical ⅔. CuA with 2–6 apical setae on dorsal surface. rm somewhat shorter than m-stem. Costa not extending beyond R 4+5 . Abdomen. Brown with first two segments somewhat lighter laterally. Terminalia ( Figs 11A–F , 19B ) yellow. Posteroventral margin of gonocoxites straight. Ventral branch of the gonostylus transversally somewhat extended, with two lobes: (1) ventral lobe setose, posteromedially drawn out, with comb of long spines at posteromedial corner, (2) dorsal lobe as long as ventral lobe, posteriorly widening, with row of setae along posterior margin. Dorsal branch of the gonostylus with two lobes of different size: (1) more dorsal lobe small, roundish, with long setae, (2) ventral lobe elongated, more than two times as long as wide, with setae along lateral margin, and one seta and a spine at posteromedial corner. Aedeagus apically hastate. Parameres apically rounded, slightly extending over aedeagus posteriorly. Gonocoxal apodemes crescent-shaped. FIGURE 11. Zygomyia pectinella sp. nov. , male terminalia (holotype, MECN-EN-DIP-4866). A, B, ventral view; C, postero-dorsal view; D, posterior view; E, dorsal view; F, gonostylus, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (A–C, E), 0.05 mm (D) and 0.02 mm (F). Abbreviations: gst db = dorsal branch of gonostylus, gst vbdl = dorsal lobe of ventral branch of gonostylus, gst vbvl = ventral lobe of ventral branch of gonostylus. Female. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from Latin, pecten [comb] and -ella [diminutive], referring to the well-delimited short comb of spines posteromedially on the ventral branch of the gonostylus.