The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Author Collingwood, C. A. text Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 1979 8 1 174 http://antbase.org/ants/publications/6175/6175.pdf journal article 6175 Genus Ponera Latreille, 1804 Ponera Latreille, 1804:178. Type-species: Formica coarctata Latreille , 1802b. This genus was radically revised by Taylor (1967) who showed that Ponera is distinguished from the otherwise similar Hypoponera by the consistent presence of subpetiolar tooth-like ornamentation as well as the two segmented maxillary palps. It includes about 30 small hypogoeic species mainly distributed in the Indo-Australian region but with representatives throughout the north temperate zone of which one only occurs in North Europe.