A synopsis of the genus Stryphnodendron (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) Author Scalon, Viviane Renata 0000-0001-7000-6641 Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Herbário OUPR. Campus Morro do Cruzeiro s. n., 35400 - 000, Ouro Preto / MG, Brazil. vrscalon @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7000 - 6641 vrscalon@gmail.com Author Paula-Souza, Juliana De Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Botânica / CCB. Rua Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira 216, 88040 - 535, Florianópolis / SC, Brazil. Author Lima, Alexandre Gibau De Universidade de São Paulo, ESALQ. Av. Pádua Dias 11, 13418 - 900, Piracicaba / SP, Brazil. & Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro / RJ, Brazil. alegibau @ gmail. com. Author Souza, Vinicius Castro Universidade de São Paulo, ESALQ. Av. Pádua Dias 11, 13418 - 900, Piracicaba / SP, Brazil. text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-05-03 544 3 227 279 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.544.3.1 journal article 55680 10.11646/phytotaxa.544.3.1 f125f93d-3a5b-48a3-9561-4ebee258e3d6 1179-3163 6520280 25. Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Martius (1837: 117) . — Type : BRAZIL . Minas Gerais , “Minas”, s.d. , Martius 1102 ( lectotype M 0218780!, designated here, isolectotypes K!, P!, BR!, G!) Trees (3.5–) 4–7 m tall. Leaves with (9–)11–18 pairs of pinnae; 14–23 pairs of leaflets; petiolar nectary 1, verruciform; leaflets 3–8(–11) × 1.5–4 mm , usually oblong, distal leaflets sometimes obovate, proximal usually oblong, rarely elliptic to ovate, chartaceous, subconcolor, upper surface sparsely pubescent to pubescent, lower surface usually pubescent, rarely sparsely pubescent, unilateral tuft of trichomes on the lower surface usually absent, sometimes inconspicuous. Inflorescences of simple thyrsi, reddish, pinkish to vinaceous; cymulae of usually solitary, or geminate spikes; spikes 8–11(–12.5) cm long. Flowers monoclinous, corolla glabrous, atrovinaceous. Fruit a nucoid legume, straight to slightly curved, subturgid to rarely turgid, seeds slightly prominent, valves coriaceous, inconspicuously nerved. Nomenclatural notes: —The only mention of type in the protologue of S. polyphyllum is the plant´s locality. Among the specimens examined in this work, Martius 1102 , bearing the label “Her. Flor. Brasil ” and deposited in M, is the specimen that most represents the protologue. Distribution and habitat: —This species occurs in semi-deciduous forests or woody cerrados of the Zona da Mata Mineira in Northwestern Minas Gerais and adjacent areas of Espírito Santo and Bahia states. The specimen registered at the Federal District ( Heringer 14824 , RB) was grown from seeds collected in Minas Gerais . Conservation: —Least Concern (LC) [AOO= 180.000 km 2 , EOO= 283,418.359 km 2 ]. Phenology: —This species was collected with flowers from September to June, with immature fruits from March to June and mature fruits concentrated in July and August, with old fruits in September. Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL . Minas Gerais : Botumirim , São Domingos , encostas do Ribeirão São Domingos , em trilha para o alto da Serra da Canastra , 20 November 2007 , fl., R.C. Forzza et al. 4933 ( RB , SPF ). Santos Dumont, Perobas, Estrada para o Patrimônio dos Paiva , Rio das Perobas , 2ª cachoeira a montantes, 09 September 2004 , fr., R. Mello-Silva 2659 ( SPF , NY ) .