Cryptic diversity in Andrognathuscorticarius Cope, 1869 and description of a new Andrognathus species from New Mexico (Diplopoda, Platydesmida, Andrognathidae)
Author
Shorter, Patricia L.
Author
Hennen, Derek A.
Author
Marek, Paul E.
text
ZooKeys
2018
786
19
41
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.786.27631
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.786.27631
1313-2970-786-19
2AF1D9E21ECE49A88EC596A55447A239
Genus
Andrognathus Cope, 1869
Type species.
Andrognathus corticarius
Cope, 1869: 182;
Gardner 1975
: 15, figs 1, 5-7;
Hoffman 1999
: 180;
Shear and Marek 2009
: 157, figs 1-10.
Other species included.
Andrognathus corticarius
Cope, 1869,
Andrognathus hoffmani
Shear & Marek, 2009,
Andrognathus grubbsi
sp. n.
Genus diagnosis.
Adult
Andrognathus
differ from other andrognathid genera based on the following:
Exoskeleton
: Adults with 45-70 rings. Individuals long (11 to 27 mm) and thin, less than one mm wide, with short paranota, not covering legs (as in
Brachycybe
). Color varies from cream to dark brown (Figure 1), with paranota lighter, not pink as in
Gosodesmus
Chamberlin, 1922,
Ischnocybe
Cook & Loomis, 1928,
Brachycybe
. Entire body pilose, particularly head and antennae. Head rounded, pear-shaped, nearly truncate, eyeless (Figure 4). Antennae enlarged apically, slightly elbowed at fourth antennomere (Figure 4). Gnathochilarium and labrum tightly appressed, mandibles not visible externally. Anterior margin of labrum smooth, with small depressed triangular area (Figs 4, 5A, B); without ramified cuticular papillae (as in
Brachycybe
). Paranota of ring five swept forward (anteriorly); distinctly bilobed in
corticarius
(Figure 2A). Paranotal caudolateral margins posterior to ring five sharply projecting caudally, unlike
Gosodesmus
where the paranotal margins are quadrate. Porosteles clearly differentiated, ozopores rimmed with peritrema, directed anteriorly on ring five (Figs 2, 5C), laterally on remaining rings. Telson: Hypoproct absent, preanal ring barrel-shaped (Figure 5D).
Gonopods
: Anterior gonopods rounded and robust; A6 spatulate (Figs 6-9) not with a distal series of thin ribbon-like styli, as in
Brachycybe
. Posterior gonopod long with P6 extended beyond A6, ending in a variable crown, which may be elongated, spatulate, or bifurcate (Figs 6-9) but never composed of a bundle of styli as in
Brachycybe
. P6 with medial spur-like process (possibly claw/tarsungulum). See also diagnosis of
Andrognathus
in
Shear and Marek (2009)
.
Figure 4.
Andrognathus corticarius
head and anterior body rings, ventral view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.
Figure 5.
Andrognathus grubbsi
sp. n., female paratype, (VTEC Catalog #AND0045). A Head, ventral view B Tip of labrum C Dorsal view of rings 3-7 D Posterior body rings, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.5 mm (C), 0.4 mm (D).
Figure 6. Gonopod variation within
Andrognathus corticarius
, ventral view, left gonopods. A Scioto Co., Ohio (view of the mirrored right gonopod, due to damage to the left gonopod) B Raleigh Co., West Virginia C Neotype, Montgomery Co., Virginia (Christiansburg) D Montgomery Co., Virginia (Blacksburg). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Figure 7. Gonopod variation within
Andrognathus corticarius
, ventral view, left gonopods. A Pulaski Co., Virginia B Campbell Co., Virginia C Carroll Co., Virginia D Madison Co., North Carolina. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, D), 0.05 mm (B).
Figure 8. Gonopod variation within
Andrognathus corticarius
, ventral view, left gonopods. A Lee Co., North Carolina B Chesterfield Co., South Carolina C DeKalb Co., Alabama D Liberty Co., Florida. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A, B), 0. 1 mm (C, D).
Figure 9.
Andrognathus
gonopods, ventral view of left gonopods. A
Andrognathus corticarius
(podomeres A1, A2 missing) B
Andrognathus hoffmani
C
Andrognathus grubbsi
sp. n. A6: anterior gonopod podomere 6. P6: posterior gonopod podomere 6. Scale bars: 0.1 mm(A, B), 0.05 mm (C).
Note.
Andrognathus
was placed in
Andrognathinae
(a monotypic subfamily) due to the lobed condition of the fifth pair of paranota (Hoffman, 1980).