Revision of the Lima clade (Miconia sect. Lima, Miconieae, Melastomataceae) of the Greater Antilles
Author
Majure, Lucas C.
Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, Arizona 85008 USA & Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 - 8525 USA & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 - 0575 USA
Author
Becquer, Eldis R.
Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
Author
Judd, Walter S.
Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 - 8525 USA & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 - 0575 USA
text
PhytoKeys
2016
2016-10-13
72
1
99
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.72.9355
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.72.9355
1314-2003-72-1
5F33FFACFFB63C30D312A91E0773C435
160527
1.
Miconia jashaferi Majure & Judd, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas. 7: 268. 2013.
Figs 3
, 9A-D
Ossaea shaferi
Britton & Wilson, Mem. Torrey Club 16: 92. 1920. Type: CUBA. Camp La Gloria, South of Sierra Moa, 24-30 Dec 1910,
J.A. Shafer 8152
(holotype: NY! [NY00099714]; isotypes: A! [A00073129], CAS [CAS0003716]).
Type
.
Based on
Ossaea shaferi
Britton & Wilson
Description.
Evergreen shrub, 1-1.5 m tall; stems round in cross section, not ridged, the internodes 0.4-9.5 cm long, stem indumentum of spreading to descending bulla-based hairs, the apices recurved upwards, hairs to 2.3 mm long; nodal line absent. Leaves opposite, decussate, ovate or elliptic, 2.9-12.8
x
1.8-4.7 cm, slightly anisophyllous, apex acute to acuminate, leaf base acute to rounded, venation acrodromous, 5-veined, the midvein and 2 pairs of arching secondary veins, the outermost usually intramarginal, secondary veins mostly basal, the innermost pair suprabasal, produced 2-13 mm from leaf base, positioned 3-7 mm in from margin at widest point of blade, tertiary veins percurrent, more or less perpendicular to midvein, 2-6 mm apart at midleaf, impressed, but clearly visible on the adaxial leaf surface, intertertiary veins present, usually prominent, tertiary veins often joined by quaternary veins; adaxial leaf surface densely covered in bulla-based hairs giving the upper leaf a velvety appearance, these mostly filling the leaf areoles, widest hair bases to 1.1 mm, apices of bulla-based hairs mostly recurved, young leaf adaxial surface not producing long-stemmed, clavate-dentritic hairs, sessile, glandular hairs produced along the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary veins between the bulla-based hairs; abaxial leaf surface covered in bulla-based hairs, these erect, those along the primary, secondary, and tertiary veins larger than hairs on the clearly visible lamina, lamina with a series of pits from depressions of the bulla-based hairs produced from the upper leaf surface, sessile to short stipitate, glandular hairs produced primarily along major and minor veins but also occasionally throughout the lamina; petioles 0.4-1.3 cm long, covered in bulla-based hairs on both surfaces, these spreading with apices recurved upwards. Inflorescences terminal, pendant, forming mostly 5-6 flowered glomerules, only occasionally branching, 1.2-3.9
x
1.4-2.7 cm, the peduncle 0.2-2.3 cm long, proximal inflorescence branches absent to 5.5 mm long, pedicels absent; bracts foliaceous, oblong to ovate, 5.7-11 mm long; bracteoles flat, foliaceous, ovate to broadly ovate or rotund, 2.9-3.7
x
1-1.7 mm, the margins and apex with long bulla-based hairs and filiform gland-headed hairs, with sessile, glandular hairs along the adaxial surface and bulla-based hairs covering the abaxial surface, the adaxial surface black in herbarium specimens. Flowers 4-6-merous, sessile; hypanthium 3.4-6.5 mm long, short-oblong to globose, unlobed, slightly constricted below the torus; free portion of the hypanthium 1-1.3 mm long, abaxial surface covered in bulla-based hairs to 2.5 mm long, and occasional, sessile, glandular hairs near the bases of the bulla-based hairs, adaxial surface (i.e., free portion) with few, short, linear hairs and sessile, glandular hairs; calyx teeth 4-6, 6.8-7.5
x
0.2-0.4 mm, ascending or spreading, covered in bulla-based hairs; calyx lobes more or less triangular, apex acute to rounded, 0.9-1.7
x
1-1.2 mm, covered in bulla-based hairs abaxially and sessile, sparse, glandular hairs, as well as filiform hairs adaxially, these often expanded and flattened at the apex or gland-headed; calyx tube not tearing, 0.2-0.4 mm long with bulla-based hairs abaxially and sessile, glandular hairs adaxially, filiform hairs produced from the apex of the tube; petals 4-6, white, broadly elliptic to obovate, 5.3-5.6
x
2.1-2.7 mm, with an acute or acuminate apex, without or with one slightly bulla-based hair produced abaxially just below the apex to 0.1 mm long; stamens 8-12, filaments 2.2-2.6 mm long, glabrous, anthers 1.8-2 mm long, with one dorsally oriented pore, anther thecae 1.5-1.7 mm long, without a dorso-basal appendage; style 5.4-6 mm long, glabrous, not or only slightly dilated in the middle, collar absent, style subtended by a crown of
multicellular
, linear to elongate-triangular (needle-like) hairs, which are notably longer than the surrounding bulla-based hairs of the ovary apex, stigma punctate; ovary 2-5.3
x
1.9-4.3 mm, apex flat (not upraised), with bulla-based hairs, except for the linear or elongate-triangular hairs forming crown, placentation axile with deeply intruded pla
centa
, 3-locular; berries globose, slightly 4-lobed, purple at maturity, 7.5 mm long (including calyx tube), 7.3 mm wide; seeds 0.8-1.6 mm long, obpyramidal, often falcate, testa smooth, light brown, raphe black, smooth, extending the length of the seed.
Phenology.
Miconia jashaferi
has been collected flowering and in immature fruit from July through August. Individuals have been collected in mature fruit in November and December.
Distribution
(Fig.
4
).
Miconia jashaferi
is known from the mountains of northeastern Cuba, including the Baracoa, Moa and Toa regions, as well as the Sierra de Cristal.
Figure 4.
Distribution map of
Miconia hirtistyla
(closed circles),
Miconia jashaferi
(closed stars),
Miconia cubacinerea
(open circle), and
Miconia tentaculicapitata
(open stars).
Ecology.
Miconia jashaferi
grows in thorny, xerophytic scrub and semidry montane rainforest on serpentine soils from 110 - 800 m in elevation. Some associated melastomes include
Miconia baracoensis
Urb.,
Pachyanthus reticulatus
Britton & P.Wilson,
Miconia moensis
(Britton) Alain,
Mecranium integrifolium Triana subsp. alainii
Skean and
Miconia walterjuddii
Becquer
& Michelangeli.
Conservation status.
Miconia jashaferi
is a locally widespread species in eastern Cuba (Fig.
4
) and is known from numerous locations from a range of elevations and forest types.
Becquer
(2007)
regarded the species as threatened; the species is found in both Parque Nacional Alejandro de Humboldt and Parque Nacional Pico Cristal. Hoewever, widespread mining practices around the Moa-Toa region may negatively
affect
localized populations of this species. Likewise, populations are highly fragemented and occupy less than 500 km2, so we suggest this species have a preliminary conservation assessment of endangered.
Discussion.
Miconia jashaferi
is resolved as sister to the rest of the
Lima
clade (Fig.
2
) in our phylogenetic analyses. However, three other species likely form a clade with
Miconia jashaferi
(
Miconia cubacinerea
,
Miconia hirtistyla
, and
Miconia tentaculicapitata
). All four of these species share the characters of large foliaceous bracts subtending the flowers, long calyx teeth, long, filiform hairs produced on the adaxial surface of the calyx tube, 3-carpellate ovaries and relatively large fruit compared with the rest of the members of the clade.
Miconia jashaferi
has often been confused with
Miconia ovatifolia
(Urb.) Judd,
Becquer
& Majure (=
Ossaea ovatifolia
Urb.) of the
Paralima
clade (
Majure et al. 2015
), as the adaxial leaf indumentum is somewhat similar, consisting of poorly developed bulla-based hairs (Figs
3
,
9A-D
). These two taxa are easily separated by hair type, in that
Miconia ovatifolia
has globular-stellate hairs on most surfaces of the plant and axillary, as well as obviously terminal inflorescences.
The stem indumentum of
Miconia jashaferi
initially is reddish or purplish and then quickly turns white, in what appears to be the death of the hairs produced, which are eventually shed entirely.
Specimens examined.
CUBA
. Prov.
Guantanamo
: near
Laguna del Galano
,
Sierra del Frijol
,
La
Alegria
, Toa,
2 Jan 1954
,
Alain 3838
(GH, HAC, NY);
19 km
S of Baracoa
,
Via
Azul
,
14 Jan 1956
,
Alain 5139
(HAC, GH); Sierra Azul,
Quibijan
,
Baracoa
, ca.
500 m
,
4 Jan 1960
,
Alain
&
Lopez-Figueiras
7294
(HAC); Sierra Azul,
Quibijan
,
Baracoa
,
4 Jan 1960
,
Alain
&
Lopez-Figueiras
7345
(HAJB);
Baracoa
. Meseta de la Iberia
, camino entre el antiguo campamento minero hasta la laguna, 700 msm,
15 Apr 1985
,
Alvarez
& al. HFC-55897
(B, HAJB, JE);
Baracoa
. Pluvisilva al sur de la loma del Yunque, 300-400 msm,
Jun 1967
,
Bisse
&
Rojas
HFC-2668
(HAJB, JE);
Baracoa
. Cerca del
aserrio
Nuevo Mundo,
28 Aug 1971
,
Bisse HFC-19574
(HAJB, JE);
Palenque. Cuchillas de Toa. Cayo Fortuna
, pluvisilva cerca del arroyo
Manaju
,
30 Mar 1972
,
Bisse
&
Berazain
HFC-22697
(HAJB, JE);
Palenque. Cuchillas de Toa
, Cayo Fortuna, charrascos cerca del arroyo
Manaju
,
5 Apr 1972
Bisse
&
Berazain
HFC-22018
(HAJB, JE);
Baracoa
. Valle al noroeste del
Yunque
de Baracoa
,
Feb 1968
,
Bisse
&
Koehler
HFC-5206
(HAJB, JE); Orillas del
rio
Baez
, cerca del campamento "Los Naranjo"
1-3 Aug 1975
,
Bisse & al. HFC-26994
(HAJB, JE);
Baracoa. Camino de Los Naranjos
a la loma
de Buenavista
,
21 Jan 1977
,
Bisse & al. HFC-33804
(B, HAJB, JE);
Baracoa
.
Quibijan
. Orilla norte del Toa entre la desembocadura del
Quibijan
y del
Jaguani
,
19 Feb 1978
,
Bisse & al. HFC-37099
(B, HAJB, JE);
Baracoa
: orillas del
rio
Duaba
cerca
de Vega de la Palma
,
21 Feb 1978
,
Bisse & al. HFC-37176
(B, HAJB, JE);
Sierra de
Imias
. Loma de la Maestra
cerca
de Yamagua
,
16 Feb 1979
,
Bisse & al. HFC-39514
(B, HAJB, JE);
Imias
. Sierra de
Imias
. Charrascos
y pinar en la cima de la loma Majagua hueca, 700 msm,
16 Apr 1984
,
Bisse & al. HFC-53233
(B, HAJB, JE); Sierra Maestra (
sic
),
Minas
de Iberia
(ad
Taco Bay
), ca.
800 m
,
7-8 Dec 1914
,
Ekman 3849
(S);
Sierra de Iberia
,
Taco Bay
,
11 Apr 1960
,
Lopez-Figueiras
UO-684
(HAC, HAJB);
Sierra de Iberia
,
Taco Bay
,
11 Apr 1960
,
Lopez-Figueiras
UO-705
(HAC);
Sierra
de Iberia
, entre la base y el
rio
Iberia
,
Taco Bay
,
25 Jul 1960
,
Lopez-Figueiras
UO-2191
(HAC, HAJB); Entre el
rio
y la cumbre
de La Iberia
,
Taco bay
,
25 Jul 1960
,
Lopez-Figueiras
UO-2237
(HAC, HAJB); Camp Toa to
Camp La Barga
,
400-450 m
,
22-26 Feb 1910
,
Shafer
4143
(US)
;
Baracoa
,
Alturas de Baracoa
, Mina Amores, ca.
24 km
from
Baracoa
, bridge at entrance to mine area near where
rio
Camarones
&
rio
Baez
meet;
20°25.484'N
, -
74°37.202'W
,
110 m
,
21 Jun 2002
,
Skean 4165
(FLAS).
Prov.
Holguin
: Cayo Chico (Coco), Moa,
15 Apr 1945
,
Acuna
12633
(HAC, NY);
Monte La
Brena
, Moa, Oriente,
5 Nov 1945
,
Acuna
13275
(HAC, NY);
Monte La
Brena
, Moa, Oriente,
5 Nov 1945
,
Acuna
13276
(HAC);
Monte La
Brena
, Moa, Oriente,
5 Nov 1945
,
Acuna
13277
(HAC);
Near Cayoguan River
,
Moa region
,
13-14 Jul 1949
,
Alain 871
(GH, NY); Charrascos de la mina La Melba,
27 Apr 1973
,
Alvarez
&
Berazain
HFC-24074
(HAJB); Moa: La Melba, charrascales cerca del
aserrio
,
Nov 1969
,
Bisse HFC-15391
(HAJB, JE); Moa: camino desde Moa hacia La Melba,
21 Dec 1968
,
Bisse & Lippold HFC-11382
(HAJB, JE); Moa: La Melba, pluvisilva de
montana
cerca del
aserrio
, 500 msm,
27 Dec 1968
,
Bisse & Lippold HFC-11532
(HAJB, JE); Moa: Charrascales al oeste de
Yamaniguey
,
Jun 1967
,
Bisse & Rojas HFC-3208
(HAJB, JE); Moa: La
Brena
camino cerca del
rio
Limones
, 400 msm,
24 Apr 1981
,
Bisse & al. HFC-45062
(B, HAJB, JE); Mina Delta,
Moa region
,
21 Jul 1944
,
Clemente NSC-4056
(HAC, IJ, NY);
Monte La
Brena
, Moa,
Aug 1945
,
Clemente et al. 4706b
(HAC); Camino nuevo de las minas de
Cayoguan
,
Jul 1949
,
Clemente et al. 6778
(HAC);
Baracoa
, valle del
rio
Toa
, arriba de
Baracoa
,
30 Jan 1971
,
Grudzinskaya 764
(HAC); La
Brena
Woods,
Moa region
, Oriente,
1 Aug 1945
,
Leon
LS-22578
(GH, HAC, NY);
Moa. Parque Nacional Alejandro de Humboldt
, carretera a La Melba, km 28, 14 nov 2013,
Michelangeli et al. 2262
(NY); Moa. Subida a Santa Teresita,
2 km
E de Yamaniguey
y de alli subida hacia el S-SW
3.5-5.5 km
, 20.32.13.N -74.45.46 W, 390-440 msm,
16 Nov 2013
,
Michelangeli & al. 2284
(HAJB, NY); Moa,
1 Dec 1942
,
Montero 21295
(HAC, NY); Moa. Alrededores de la Melba,
2 Apr 1990
, II
Expedicion
Bot. Nac. "
J. Bisse
"
HPR-6398
(HAJB); Moa-Baracoa,
Nov 1965
,
Yeno 1087
(HAC).
Prov. Santiago de Cuba.
Falda
sur de la
Sierra de Cristal
,
28 Dec 1955
,
Alain &
Lopez-Figueiras
4726
(HAC, HAJB).
South of Sierra de Cristal
,
28 Dec 1955
,
Alain 4774
(GH, HAC, HAJB); S slopes of El Cristal,
2-7 Apr 1956
,
Alain 5489
(GH, HAC, HAJB);
Sierra del Cristal
: falda sur de la sierra, cabezadas del
rio
San Miguel
, 600-800 msm,
Apr 1968
,
Bisse &
Koehler
HFC-8179
(HAJB, JE);
Mayari
Arriba: Sierra Cristal, orillas del arroyo Cristal, 640 msm,
20 Feb 1976
,
Bisse & al. HFC-30339
(B, HAJB, JE)
.