Revision of the new world species of Hylurgops LeConte, 1876 with the description of a new genus in the Hylastini (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) and comments on some Palearctic species Author Mercado-Vélez, Javier E. Author Negrón, José F. text Zootaxa 2014 3785 3 301 342 journal article 46054 10.11646/zootaxa.3785.3.1 f3421d1a-3854-42da-95b9-5b47147f25ae 1175-5326 252614 6D6FCCF0-DA35-4F72-9420-07FDF9158E3F Hylurgops palliatus ( Gyllenhal, 1813 ) ( Figures 15 a, 17a) Hylesinus palliatus Gyllenhal, 1813 :340 ( Sweden ) Hylastes palliatus , Thomson, 1865 : 349 Hylurgops palliatus , Reitter, 1913 : 50 Diagnosis. Hylurgops palliatus is distinguished from all the New World species by its smaller size, by the upturned elytral apex ( Fig. 15 a), and by the more distinctly impressed discal striae. Description. Size . Length 2.7–3.4 (avg. 3.1 ± 0.2) mm long, 2.5× longer than wide. Color . Mature adult brown to reddish brown, ventral sclerites dark reddish-brown to black. Frons . Transverse impression shallow; vestiture hair-like setae; longer below mid-impression, length 2–4× diameter of average frontal puncture. Pronotum . Broad 0.8–0.9 (0.9 ± 0), strongly constricted anteriorly ( Fig. 17 a), widest anterior to middle; lateral margin rounded, bulging from base to constriction near apical edge; dorsal middle line elevated, extending from base to anterior dorsal impression, surface smooth; discal punctures relatively few for genus, larger punctures twice diameter of smaller; inter-puncture area smooth, or with sparse reticulation; vestiture of short, recumbent, yellowish hair-like setae, long as size of large puncture. Elytra . Anterior margin procurved; striae distinctly impressed, as wide as interstriae except narrower than 2nd; punctures round, less than ½ diameter apart; interstriae convex, surface rugose, minutely punctured (visible at> 115×), each with a median row of erect bristles about 1.5× longer than diameter of strial puncture, rising behind each interstrial granule, separated by distance of two strial punctures. Declivity . Second interstriae widest, indistinctly impressed, 3rd not intersecting 4th; vestiture consisting of three rows of semi-erect whitish to reddish, scale-like setae, close in length as diameter of strial puncture, a median row of erect, thicker, reddish-brown hair-like setae projecting behind each granule, 1.5× the length of a declivital puncture; declivital apex ascending towards the suture. Ventral sclerites . Surfaces shiny, setose-punctate; mesoventrite anterior margin rounded. Legs . Tarsi dark reddish-brown, metatibiae with 2 large socketed teeth before apical angle. Aedeagus . Aedeagus shorter that in New World species, without a dorsal lobe, seminal opening appears more spread apart than in other species (see line drawing in Tsai & Huang 1964 ). FIGURE 14. Hylurgops , prothorax proportion and shape: a) wider than long and constricted anteriorly ( H. planirostris ), b) longer than wide and smoothly tapering anteriorly ( H. knausi ). Gallery . Longitudinal, biramous, slightly sinuate and about 30–50 mm , extending above and below the entrance hole ( Davis et al. 2008 ). Eggs are laid on niches at both sides of the gallery, brood tunnels perpendicular from both sides of the gallery. Material examined. 70 specimens . JAPAN . Mount Fuji ( DEBC ), Japan ( CNCI ). EUROPE. Austria : Amstetten ( CNCI , DEBC ), Mondseeberg ( CNCI ), St. Pölten ( CNCI ). Bosnia and Herzegovina . Zavidovići ( CNCI ). England . Blandford ( DEBC ). Germany . München ( CNCI ). Poland : Bialowiezki NP ( DEBC ). Russia ( CNCI ). Czech Republic . Jesenik, Moravia ( CNCI ). Sweden . Sk. Vånga ( CNCI ). USA . New York . Nassau Co.: Oyster Bay, Planting field Arbor. ( CUIC ); Suffolk Co.: Smithown ( CUIC ). Ohio . Columbian Co.: 8 km SE Lisbon ( CUIC ); Geauga Co.: 1 km NW Thompson ( CUIC ), 3.5 km WSW Parkam ( CUIC ); Lake Co.: 2.2 km W Leroy Center ( CUIC ), 2 km NE North Madison ( CUIC ); Mahoning Co.: 5 km W Austintown ( CUIC ), 1 km W North Lima ( CUIC ); Portage Co.: 4 km NE Mantua Corners ( CUIC ), 2 km SSE Garretsville ( CUIC ); Summit Co.: 1.6 km SW Peninsula ( CUIC ). Pennsylvania . Crawford Co.: Riceville, SGL-199 ( CUIC ), Shermanville ( CUIC ); Erie Co.: Asbury Nature Center ( CUIC ), Presque Isle State Park ( CUIC ); Richard Mennetti private land ( CUIC ), State game land 218 ( CUIC ). FIGURE 15. Elytral declivities of New World Hylurgops : a) H. palliatus , b) H. planirostris , c) H. rugipennis , d) H. pinifex , e) H. incomptus , f) H. longipennis , g) H. knausi , h) H. reticulatus , and i) H. porosus . FIGURE 16. Prothoracic discal surfaces of Hylurgops rugipennis and the eastern form of H. pinifex : a) reticulate and dull, sometimes shiny with similarly-sized punctures ( H. rugipennis ), b) shiny (eastern form), subgranulate (western form) with distinct, differently-sized punctures ( H. pinifex ). FIGURE 17. Prothoraces of the New World Hylurgops : a) H. palliatus , b) H. planirostris , c) H. rugipennis , d) H. pinifex , e) H. incomptus , f) H. longipennis , g) H. knausi , h) H. reticulatus , and i) H. porosus . Nearctic host. Pinus sylvestris Nearctic distribution. NORTH AMERICA : northeastern USA (established exotic).