Revision of the Lema (Lema) concinnipennis Baly, 1865 species group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae) in Japan Author Matsumura, Y. Author Sasaki, S. Author Imasaka, S. Author Sano, M. Author Ôhara, M. text Journal of Natural History 2011 2011-07-31 45 25 - 26 1533 1561 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.559594 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2011.559594 1464-5262 5203847 Lema ( Lema ) cirsicola Chûjô, 1959 ( Figures 1C , 10–13 ) Lema cirsicola Chûjô, 1959: 2 [ Japan ] (SEHU). Lema puncticollis : Kuwayama, 1932: 68 [ Japan ] (SEHU). Lema ( Lema ) cirsicola : Kimoto and Takizawa, 1994: 272 . Specimens examined [Hokkaido, Japan ]: 1 ♂ , Maruyama, Sapporo-shi, 12 June 1916 , S. Matsumura [SEHU]; 2 ♂ , Sapporo-shi , 31 May 1918 , S. Matsumura [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , 1 ex. , Atsubetsu , Sapporo-shi , 28 May, S . Matsumura [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Bankei , Sapporo-shi , 23 May 1954 , K. Homma [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Teine , Sapporo-shi , 2 May 1961 , K. Kamimura [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Teine , 28 June 1953 , T. Oku [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Otarunai , Jyôzankei , 29 June 1976 , T. Kumata [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , same locality, 28 May 1988 , M. Ôhara and S. Kudô [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Nopporo , Sapporo-shi , 15 June 1953 , T. Oku [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Nopporo , 9 June 1954 , T. Kumata [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , 25 June 1972 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ]; 2 exx., Dai-sengen-dake, 4 June 1976 , T. Fuzisawa [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Toyotaki , Sapporo-shi , 18 June 1987 , M. Ôhara [ SEHU ]. [Honshu, Japan ] Iwate Pref. : 1 ♀ , Mt. Oritsume , 30 July 1953 , T. Oku [ SEHU ]. Fukushima Pref. : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Tateiwa-mura , 8 July 1948 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Kamimiyori , Aizu , 30 May 1948 , N. Nagayama [ SEHU ]. Miyagi Pref. : 1 ♀ , Mt. Saho , Sendai-shi , 17 June 1951 , K. Nagayama [ SEHU ]. Tochigi Pref. : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Chûzenji , Nikkô-shi , 3–6 June 1911 , S. Matsumura [ SEHU ] ; 5 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Chûzenji , 28–31 July 1914 , E. Gallois [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ [questionable], 8–17 July 1916 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 2 ♀ , 6 August 1916 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 1 ex. , 25 September 1916 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ [questionable], Yumoto , Nikkô-shi , 30 July 1950 , N. Yato [ SEHU ]. Gumma Pref .: 1 ♀ [questionable], Yamano-hana , Oze , 8 July 1951 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ]. Tokyo Pref. : 1 ex. , Tokyo , July 1903 , S. Matsumura [ SEHU ] ; 3 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 1 ex. , Mt. Takao , 18 May 1913 , E. Gallois [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Mt. Takao , 20–28 April 1971 , A. Kubota [ SEHU ]. Saitama Pref. : 1 ♂ , Musashi , Chichibu-shi , 6 May 1912 , H. Takabayashi , [ SEHU ] ; 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 10 June 1913 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ]. Nagano Pref. : 1 ♂ , Mt. Togakushi (alt. 1500–1900 m ), 13 June 1982 , T. Fuzisawa [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Komanoyu , Kiso-gun , 25 August 1947 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Tokugo , 23 July 1951 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Iwanadome , Matsumotoshi , 15 July 1950 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 3 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Kami-kouchi , 21 June 1951 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , 13–15 August 1953 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , 18 July 1963 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Kamikouchi , 29 July 1953 , S. Uéno [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Kami-kouchi , 21–28 July 1947 , S. Osawa [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Shimajima-dani , Kita-azumi-gun, 28 July 1953 , S. Uéno [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Noziri , Shinano-machi , Kami-minochi-gun, 3 August 1940 , T. Kageyama [ SEHU ]. Yamanashi Pref. : 1 ex. , Minobu-chô , Minani-koma-gun, 27 August, S . Minowa [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Shibire-ko , 24 May 1978 , M. Suwa [ SEHU ]. Toyama Pref. : 1 ♀ , Omi , Toyama-shi , 4 June 1955 , S. Takagi [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Awasuno , Toyama-shi , 22 June 1955 , S. Takagi [ SEHU ] ; 5 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Fukuoka-machi , Takaoka-shi , 1 June 2007 , Y. Matsumura [ MYC ]. Fukui Pref. : 1 ♂ , Humimuro , Echizen-shi , 25 May 1934 [ SEHU ]. Ishikawa Pref. : 1 ♂ , Kaga-hakusan (alt. 1500–1900 m ), 1 August 1973 , M. Miyatake [ EUM ]. Gifu Pref. : 1 ♀ , Oku-mino , 16 June 1961 [ SEHU ]. Shizuoka Pref. : 1 ♀ , Hakkourei , 7 August 1970 , Y. Hirai [ SEHU ]. Aichi Pref. : 1 ♀ , Mikawa-ôhno , Shinjô-shi , 10 May 1991 , T.T.M. Nakane [ SEHU ]. Shiga Pref. : 1 ♀ , Mt. Hira , 5 August 1955 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 5 ♂ , 3 ♀ , 28 May 1956 , same locality and collector as the preceding [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Mt. Hira , 6 August 1955 , Y. Okada [ SEHU ]. Mie Pref. : 1 ♀ , Okimi , Mie-gun , 12 June 1952 , H. Ishida [ SEHU ] ; 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Fujiwara-dake , Inabe-shi , 11 July 1954 , M. Goto [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Yunogama , Ise-shi , 1 June 1947 , S. Osawa [ SEHU ]. Nara Pref. : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Gyôzya-modori-dake, Omine-san , 18 June 1957 , Y. Okada [ SEHU ]. Wakayama Pref. : 1 ♂ , Nachi , Higashi-muro-gun, 15 July 1946 , S. Osawa [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Nachi , 27 May 1964 , T. Kumata [ SEHU ]. Hyôgo Pref. : 1 ♀ , Harima , Kako-gun , 13 April 1912 , T. Takamuku [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Hyônosen , 29–30 July 1952 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♀ , Hyônosen , 10 June 1951 , A. Nagatomi [ SEHU ] ; 5 ♂ , 4 ♀ , Hataganaru , Tajima , Toyooka-shi , 24 and 26 May 1955 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ]. [Shikoku, Japan ] Tokushima Pref. : 1 ♂ , Kiou-mura , 3 August 1960 , M. Hirai [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Jinryo , Awa-shi , 20 July 1952 , I. Hiora [ KM ]. Ehime Pref. : 1 ♀ , Mt. Ibuki , 26 July 1949 , K. Morimoto [ KM ] ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Nanokawagoe , Saijô-shi , 17 June 2005 , T. Kitano [ EUM ] ; 1 ♀ , Kanbayashi , Tôon-shi , 31 May 2007 , Y. Okahana [ MYC ]. Kôchi Pref. : 1 ♀ , Usa-chô , Tosa-shi , 24 April 1933 , Y. Sugihara [ SEHU ]. [Kyushu, Japan ] Fukuoka Pref. : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Hikosan , Tagawa-gun , 4–5 June 1952 , T. Nakane [ SEHU ] ; 1 ♂ , Hikosan , 9 June 1965 , T. Kumata [ SEHU ]. Ôita Pref. : 2 ♂ , 2 ♀ , Onotaira , Sobo , 15–19 July 1979 , M. Miura [ SEHU ]. Nagasaki Pref. : 1 ex. , Nagasaki , 8 July 1913 , S. Matsumura [ SEHU ]. Kumamoto Pref. : 2 ♂ , Mt. Hakuchô , Gokanosho , 5–7 June 1980 , M. Suwa [ SEHU ] . Diagnosis Body nonparallel and slightly swollen toward rear in dorsal view. Vertex swollen. Frontoclypeus largely glabrous. Ventral surface of thorax and abdomen polished and bearing setae on lines. Redescription Body coloration ( Figure 1C ). Dorsal: head throughout indigo-blue, without red spot on vertex, antennal segments 1–2 dark indigo-blue, segments 3–11 black; pronotum, elytra and scutellum shining indigo-blue; legs unicolored black. Ventral: black throughout. Setae white. Head ( Figures 10A, B ). Length greater than width; postocular region strongly constricted, rear region forming noticeable neck; vertex groove very deep; top of vertex noticeably swollen, with median short groove, surface covered with fine transverse wrinkles in many individuals, anterior region with a few setae arising from large punctures and posterior region bearing scattered punctures without setae; area between vertex groove and compound eye with large punctures bearing setae; frontoclypeus triangular, enclosed by grooves, bearing a few setae near anterior corners, other regions hairless; labrum with eight long setae along anterior margin; antenna filiform, 0.6 times as long as body length, segments 1–2 with a few setae, segments 3–4 with dense setation, segments 5–10 bearing velutinous setation, segments 3 + 4 slightly longer than segment 5, 5th longest segments 1 and 2 globular, each segment stout, segments 3–7 cylindrical but thickening toward apex, segments 8–11 cylindrical and uniform in diameter, apex of segment 11 projecting anteriorly. Prothorax (lateral and ventral, Figure 10B ). Slightly wider than long, constriction located in the middle; surface wholly covered with middle-sized punctures, interpunctures bearing very small punctures with relatively dense arrangement, unclear transverse groove near base, anterior and basal margins narrowly ridged, posterior Figure 10. SEM photographs of L. cirsicola . (A) Antenna; (B) head, pronotum and scutellum; (C) pro-, meso- and metasternum; (D) abdomen (male); (E) abdomen (female). margin internally bearing close dense setation. A long seta arising from each anterior and posterior corner. Mesonotum ( Figure 10B ). Scutellum trapezoid in shape, posterior corners round; surface covered with relatively coarse setation. Elytra ( Figure 1C ). Solid build in shape, 1.7 times longer than wide; slightly depressed on anterior region; strial punctures being subobsolete distally, interstrial area smooth; posterior part of interregional area between striae 1 and 2 ridged like a carina. Pygidium . Bearing very dense setation except for area with many transverse rows of ridges (stridulatory devices). Mouthparts (not all setae were detected) ( Figure 11 ). Mandible short and stout, strongly sclerotized; apex armed with three teeth; mola well-developed; bristles between teeth and mola relatively short; apodeme relatively long. Maxilla short; palpus five-segmented, segment 5 conico-cylindrical, apex of segment 5 covered with small projections, segments 1–4 cylindrical and relatively long; gulea two-segmented, apical segment bearing very thick setae; lacinia bearing stout setae on apex, a few short setae on ventral surface; base of cardo with two slender apodemes. Labium palpiger four-segmented, segments 3 and 4 relatively slender, apex of palpiger segment covered with small projections; ligula largely membranous but with sclerotized area at middle, anterior area covered with very thick setae. Gula and genae wholly covered with relatively coarse setation with large punctures. Figure 11. Mouthparts of L. cirsicola . (A) Mandible; (B) maxilla; (C) labium. Prosternum ( Figure 10C ). Anterior part of prosternum transversely oblong, basal corners with dense setation, anterior and posterior margins narrowly ridged; prosternal process very narrow and higher than anterior part, bearing setae on ridge-line, posterior end widened with relatively long setae. Surface of pronotal hypomeron smooth except at middle with complex sculpture; posterior margin of pronotal hypomeron not closed and forming arms, but prosternal process bridges them. Anterior and posterior ends of prothorax with setae on fringe: anterior and posterior with straight hairs. Mesothorax ( Figure 10C ). Surface of mesosternum bearing sculpture and relatively long setae in coarse arrangement, posterior margin ridged. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron covered with relatively dense setation except for basal margin. Metathorax ( Figure 10C ). Metasternum oblong with ridge on each side; surface bearing sparse setation, anterior ridge relatively densely covered with long setae, lateral ridge with no setae, posterior ridge with close setation. Metepisternum with longitudinal groove in middle; surface densely bearing setae, lateral half with glabrous area where covered by elytra. Legs. Forecoxae conico-cylindrical in shape, bearing dense and fine setae, foretrochanters glabrous but with a long sensillum and a few short ones on anterior ridge-line; profemora almost glabrous except lateral apex bearing dense setation in ventral view, in dorsal view bearing relatively dense setation except for basal area where glabrous. Midcoxae spherical, bearing dense short setae on ventral half. Mid- and hindtrochanters glabrous but with a few setae on posterior ridge-line; mid- and hindfemora bearing coarse setation in ventral view, and in dorsal view glabrous. Tibiae slender but thickening toward apex, covered with dense setation, in basal area with curved setae, in mid to apical areas with straight and slightly hardened setae; apex bordered with spine-like, translucent brown projection, and also armed with a pair of very short spines on ventral, spines stout in shape and equal to each other in length; midtibiae curved inward. Abdominal sternite ( Figures 10D, E ). Surface of segments 1–4 entirely smooth and polished, but bearing setae on lines near anterior and posterior margins. Sternite 5 uniformly covered with relatively dense setation in male, in female with glabrous area in the middle. In males, segment 1 bearing ridge at midline. Male genitalia ( Figure 12 ). Consisting mainly of five parts: tergite 8, second spiculum, tegmen, median lobe and internal sac. Tergite 8 similar to that of the female as described below. Second spiculum consisting of two pairs of twig-like sclerites, one pair longer than the other, longer pair asymmetrical in length. Median lobe and tegmen are rotated at 90 ◦ by the body axis. Internal sac showing specialized morphology as in other members of the subgenus Lema ; sclerite having long median ejaculatory guide; basal part of lateral lobe not separated, shape anchor-like in ventral view; membrane having horny process on dorsal side of sclerite. Female genitalia. ( Figure 13 ). Consisting of four parts: tergites 8 and 9, and sternites 8 and 9. Tergites 8 and 9 and sternite 9 consisting of a pair of sclerites; sternite 8 with 0.50 mm Figure 12. Male genitalia of L. cirsicola . (A) Habitus; (B) aedeagus and internal sac (to show inner structure of internal sac, a part of outer membrane was removed); (C) internal sac sclerite (lateral view); (D) internal sac sclerite (ventral view). stick-like apodeme; tergite 9 covered by very weak, scale-like or transverse wrinkles; all sclerites relatively strongly sclerotized. Measurements Elytral length: male: 4.34 ± 0.27 mm (mean ± SD), female: 4.68 ± 0.27 mm . Elytral width: male: 2.50 ± 0.13 mm , female: 2.75 ± 0.27 mm . Pronotum length: male: 1.16 ± 0.08 mm , female: 1.28 ± 0.09 mm . Pronotum width: male: 1.31 ± 0.21 mm , female: 1.48 ± 0.09 mm . Ratio (length of antennal segments 3 + 4 / 5): 1.34 ± 0.08 (range: 1.17–1.52). Distribution Japan ( Hokkaido , Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Host plants Thistles. 0.25 mm Figure 13. Female genitalia of L. cirsicola . (A) Tergite 8 (right sclerite); (B) tergite 9 (right sclerite); (C) sternite 8 (left sclerite); (D) sternite 9. Remarks Medvedev (1982) suggested the possibility that L. cirsicola is a junior synonym of L. cyanella ; however, the two species are clearly different as shown in the present study.