New species of the genus Trichosetodes Ulmer, 1915 (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae) from Ratanakiri province, Cambodia, based on morphological and molecular data
Author
Laudee, Pongsak
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3819-7980
Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani, Muang District Province, 84100, Thailand
pongsak.l@psu.ac.th
Author
Malicky, Hans
Sonnengasse 13, A- 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
Author
Kong, Chamroeun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-7270
Kampong Speu Institute of Technology, Amleang, Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia
Author
Takenaka, Masaki
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-524X
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Asahi 3 - 1 - 1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390 - 8621, Japan
Author
Tojo, Koji
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9362-604X
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Asahi 3 - 1 - 1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390 - 8621, Japan
text
ZooKeys
2023
2023-10-12
1182
153
164
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.105716
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.105716
1313-2970-1182-153
863375EB25024A93A5617FDFA26FAD1D
89D3FFD016B05A06AE3A6B85AF67E697
Trichosetodes ratanakiriensis Laudee & Malicky
sp. nov.
Fig. 3
Type material.
Holotype
. Male.
Cambodia: Ratanakiri Province: Banlung, Katieng Waterfall,
13°40'38"N
,
106°58'33"E
, elev. 203 m, 13.v.2022, Pongsak Laudee. (CHM).
Paratypes
: same data as holotype. 33 males: 18 males (PSUNHM), 5 males (CHM), 5 males (CUAC), 5 males (NMPC).
Diagnosis.
The male genitalia of
T. ratanakiriensis
are moderately similar to those of
T. pandareos
Malicky, 2006 described in Laos and
T. kampongspeuensis
Malicky & Kong, 2020 (Fig.
4
), however it can be differentiated by the shape of left inferior appendage and the shape of segment IX. The left inferior appendage is forked in
T. pandareos
whereas this feature is missing in
T. ratanakiriensis
. In addition, the prolongations of the subapicoventral part of segment IX are symmetric in
T. pandareos
but asymmetric in
T. ratanakiriensis
in ventral view. Compared to
T. kampongspeuensis
,
T. ratanakiriensis
exhibits a longer, cylindrical right inferior appendage with a sharp apex in lateral view, whereas in
T. kampongspeuensis
, this appendage is oval and splits into two at the tip. The prolongations of subapical part of segment IX in ventral view are thin in
T. kampongspeuensis
but prominent in
T. ratanakiriensis
.
Description.
Length of each male forewing 5 mm (
N
= 12); specimens in alcohol with head, thorax, abdomen, legs, forewings dark brown.
Male genitalia (Fig.
3A-D
). Segment IX square with U-shaped incision anteriorly in dorsal view (Fig.
3C
); in left lateral view, complicated shape, strongly convex anteriorly, undulated edge dorsally, curved downward ventrally with pimple sub-anteroventrally, long cylindrical subapicoventrally, rounded apically (Fig.
3A
); in right lateral view the same as left lateral view but without pimple (Fig.
3B
); in ventral view, vertical profile rectangular with 1/3 of height in U-shaped incision apically, rounded apex (Fig.
3D
). Preanal appendages slender covered with hairs (Fig.
3A, B
). Segment X not evident. Inferior appendages asymmetrical; circular basally, conical apically in left lateral view (Fig.
3A
); in right lateral view, cylindrical with expanded basally, curved downward with tooth at dorsal edge subapically, pointed apically (Fig.
3B
); in dorsal and ventral view, left inferior appendage claw-like, right inferior appendage long claw-like with an inner tooth. Phallicata large, tubular, curved and bent subapically, pointed apically in dorsal view; in lateral view, upside down U-shaped, pointed apically.
Figure 3.
Trichosetodes ratanakiriensis
sp. nov. male genitalia
A
segment IX and inferior appendages, left lateral
B
segment IX and inferior appendages, right lateral
C
segment IX and phallus, dorsal
D
segment IX, ventral. Abbreviations: Le Inf = left inferior appendages, Ri Inf = right inferior appendage, Su Api = subspicoventral part of segment IX.
Figure 4.
Trichosetodes kampongspeuensis
male genitalia
A
segment IX and inferior appendages, left lateral
B
segment IX and inferior appendages, right lateral
C
segment IX and phallus, dorsal
D
segment IX, ventral.
Etymology.
The species is named for the type locality, Ratanakiri Province.
Molecular analysis
The molecular diversity of the new
Trichosetodes
species was analyzed using the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal rRNA gene region (16S rRNA). Based on genetic distance (
p
-distance) of this gene fragment,
T. ratanakiriensis
sp. nov. and
T. kampongspeuensis
have a close genetic relationship, whereas
T. carmelae
sp. nov. showed greater genetic divergence from both
T. ratanakiriensis
sp. nov. and
T. kampongspeuensis
(Table
1
). The estimated phylogenetic relationships based on the mtDNA 16S rRNA are shown in Fig.
5
, where all three
Trichosetodes
sp. nov. were genetically differentiated. The monophyly of
T. ratanakiriensis
sp. nov. and
T. kampongspeuensis
was highly supported by the bootstrap value (NJ BP). In addition,
T. carmelae
sp. nov. was differentiated from the monophyletic clade of
T. ratanakiriensis
sp. nov. and
T. kampongspeuensis
(Fig.
5
).
Table 1.
Genetic distances (
p
-distances) between
Trichosetodes
spp. from the Mekong River basin.
| - |
T. kampongspeuensis
|
T. ratanakiriensis
|
|
T. ratanakiriensis
|
0.014 |
- |
|
T. carmelae
|
0.070 |
0.063 |
Figure 5.
Estimated phylogenetic relationships using the Neighbor-Joining clustering method for
Trichosetodes
spp. based on the mtDNA 16S rRNA region. Sequences of
Setodes brevicaudatus
were included as outgroups. Each
node's
bootstrap value is shown (based on 1000 replicates). The scale bar indicates genetic distance (
p
-distance).