Tales from the crypt: genome mining from fungarium specimens improves resolution of the mushroom tree of life Author Dentinger, BTM Author Gaya, E Author O'Brien, H Author Suz, LM Author Lachlan, R Author Diaz-Valderrama, JR Author Koch, RA Author Aime, MC text Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 2016 2015-03-26 117 11 32 journal article 10.1111/bij.12553 0024-4082 Hygrophorineae Aime, Dentinger & Gaya subord. nov. Name registration : IF551135 Type family : Hygrophoraceae Lotsy, Vortr. bot. Stammesgesch: 706 (1907). Basidiomata primarily clavarioid or agaricoid, often pigmented with carotenoids and waxy. Hyphae monomitic, usually with clamp connections, nonamyloid. Cystidia normally absent; basidia normally 2–4 spored; basidiospores hyaline. Representative families : Clavariaceae Chevall. , Hygrophoraceae . Notes : This suborder is equivalent to Hygrophoraceae and Clavariaceae sensu Matheny et al. (2006) and Hygrophoroid clade plus Clavariaceae fide Bin- der et al. (2010). Ryberg & Matheny (2011) also recovered a statistically support monophyletic group of Hygrophoraceae and Clavariaceae . There is growing evidence that the preponderance of species may be biotrophic and many members form associations with grasses, mosses, and bryophytes ( Seitzman et al. , 2011 ; Birkebak et al. , 2013 ; Halbwachs et al. , 2013 ; Lodge et al. , 2014 ). Development of carotenoid pigments is also especially diverse in this suborder.