First record of Travunioidea (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores) from China, with the description of a new monotypic genus from a cave Author Zhang, Chao The Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China. Author Derkarabetian, Shahan 0000-0002-9163-9277 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. sderkarabetian @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9163 - 9277 sderkarabetian@gmail.com text Zootaxa 2021 2021-06-10 4984 1 87 97 journal article 4955 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.8 71b1cbb5-3e51-4125-93de-a1af8fc9e2c3 1175-5326 4928651 9D5096C6-EB6F-425C-B982-634792B54E84 Sinonychia gen. n. Figs 1–31 , 33 ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3E5B75D9-94F0-4B4E-8D09-89A5A916495C Type species: Sinonychia martensi sp. n. Diagnosis. Sinonychia gen. n. can be differentiated from all other Cladonychiidae genera on the basis of penis morphology, having a combination of two pairs of relatively thick lateral setae on the glans, a cylindrical, basally widening glans, and an elongate stylus arising apically. Morphologically the new genus is most similar to Speleonychia from the Pacific Northwest of North America but can be distinguished by several characters. First, in spination of the penis: in Sinonychia gen. n. two pairs of apical setae on the penis are thick and at a 90˚ or larger angle to the stylus, whereas in Speleonychia these setae are at a much smaller angle, directed apicad ( Briggs 1974 : figs 7–8). Second, the shape of the glans: in Sinonychia gen. n. the glans is almost cylindrical, with a wide, blunt apex and with the stylus arising sub-terminally, while in Speleonychia the glans is more triangular, with a more pointed apex and a stylus arising terminally. Third, in spination of the pedipalpal femur: Sinonychia gen. n. has multiple distal SBTs on the ventral surface at the distal end ( Figs 5–6 ), while Speleonychia has only a single SBT ( Briggs 1974 : fig. 2). Etymology. The generic name is composed of “Sino”, derived from the Latin word “Sinae” (from the Ancient Greek “Σῖναι”) which generally refers to China , and of the Latin noun “onyx” (from the Ancient Greek “ὄνῠχος”) meaning ‘claw’, a common name applied to many travunioid and triaenonychoid genera. The second part of the new genus name also indicates morphological similarity with the genus Speleonychia . The genus name is feminine. Description. Highly troglomorphic with unpigmented body ( Figs 22–31 ). Ocularium greatly reduced in size, smooth, set back from anterior margin of carapace; eyes and retinae completely absent ( Figs 1 , 22–31 ). Dorsal scutum of the “eta” (η) category of Kury & Medrano (2016) . Genital operculum nearly triangular ( Fig. 9 ). Sternum elongate and narrowly triangular ( Fig. 8 ). Pedipalps thin, elongate, lacking pigment, with thin SBTs ( Figs 5–6 ). Legs extremely long, thin, and lacking pigment. Claws III–IV with peltonychium ( Figs 10–13 ). Penis truncus thin and elongate, musculature restricted to its base ( Fig. 16 ); glans articulated with truncus, with two pairs of setae, the more distal pair being smaller than the other pair; stylus elongate, arising apically from glans ( Figs 17–19 ).