A new assessment of the Late Devonian antiarchan fish Bothriolepis leptocheira from South Timan (Russia) and the biotic crisis near the Frasnian-Famennian boundary
Author
Lukševičs, Ervīns
Author
Beznosov, Pavel
Author
Stūris, Valdemārs
text
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2017
2017-02-20
62
1
97
119
http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.00265.2016
journal article
10.4202/app.00265.2016
1732-2421
10980819
Bothriolepis leptocheira
Traquair, 1893
1869
Pterichthys major
;
Geikie 1869
(after
Miles 1968
): 12–13.
1888
Bothriolepis major
Agassiz
;
Traquair 1888
(after
Miles 1968
): 510.
1893
Bothriolepis leptocheirus
sp. nov.
;
Traquair 1893: 285–286
.
1900
Bothriolepis jeremejevi
sp. nov.
;
Rohon 1900: 30
, fig. 18, 19.
1917
Bothriolepis leptocheira
Traquair, 1893
;
Evans 1917
(after
Miles
1968): 112.
1932
Bothriolepis jeremejewi
Rohon, 1900
;
Gross 1932: 34
.
1942
Bothriolepis curonica
sp. nov.
;
Gross 1942: 420
, 421, abb. 10.
1948
Bothriolepis curonica
Gross, 1942
;
Stensiö 1948: 615
.
For a full list of synonyms before 1965 see
Miles (1968)
.
Lectotype
: RSM 1859.33.19A,
AVL
plate selected by
Gross (1932: 26)
, illustrated by
Traquair (1906
: pl. 29: 3).
Type locality
: Bracken Bay, Ayrshire (Heads of Ayr),
Scotland
;
Type horizon
: Upper Old Red Sandstone, Upper Devonian.
Emended diagnosis
.—
Differs
from all other
Bothriolepis
in possessing long supraoccipital groove extending to the
Pn
plates, sometimes fused with a long middle pit-line, and rather slender proximal segment of the pectoral appendage, which is more than 5 times as long as it is broad.
Characterised
by a rather large size with a median dorsal armour length of at least
240 mm
.
Preorbital
recess of trifid
type
.
The
orbital fenestra is relatively small and narrow.
Prm
broad, orbital margin is much shorter than rostral margin.
Nu
with rather short orbital facets.
AMD
relatively narrow, B/L index about 0.8 (N = 22), with a relatively short anterior margin.
PMD
broad with narrow anterior margin.
Median
dorsal ridge poorly developed in posterior part of
PMD
.
Dorso-lateral
and ventro-lateral ridges are wellmarked.
Both
AVL
and
PVL
are elongated. Cv
4
and Cd
5
plates are present in the pectoral fin armour. Ornamentation is fine and basically of reticular
type
.
Fig. 3. Antiarchan fish
Bothriolepis leptocheira jeremejevi
(
Rohon, 1900
)
, Sosnogorsk locality, Sosnogorsk Formation, lowermost Famennian, separate plates and parts of articulated head shields.
A
. Articulated Nu, left Pn and left La plates IG KSC 155/90 in dorsal view.
B
. Disarticulated plates of the head shield IG KSC 155/150 in dorsal view.
C
. Part of articulated head shield IG KSC 155/162 in dorsal view.
D
. Imprint of the ventral wall of trunk armour and some skeletal elements of the head armour IG KSC 155/10-3 in ventral view showing suborbital and infragnathal bones. Abbreviations: AVL, anterior ventro-lateral plate; cir, semicircular pit-line groove; csl, central sensory line groove; d.end, opening of canal for endolymphatic duct; ifc
1
, principal section of infraorbital sensory line; IG, inferognathal; La, lateral plate; Nu, nuchal plate; mp, middle pit-line groove; Pn, paranuchal plate; Pp, postpineal plate; Prm, premedian plate; SO, suborbital plate; socc, supraoccipital cross-commissural pit-line groove.
Stratigraphic and geographic range
.—This species has also been reported from western
Latvia
, where the material has been collected in the right bank of the river Imula, near Bienes hamlet, and in the left bank of the river Amula,
1 km
upstream from water-mill Kalnamuiža; Purviņi Member of the Eleja Formation, lowermost Famennian (
Lukševičs 2001
). A possible new subspecies of
B. leptocheira
occurs in the Malyutka Formation of Severnaya Zemlya, outcrops along the Matusevich River (
Lukševičs 1999a
, b). The material described in this paper comes from the geological monument “Sosnovskiy” (Sosnogorsk locality) at the right bank of the river Izhma opposite Sosnogorsk,
Komi Republic
,
Russia
; Sosnogorsk Formation, lowermost Famennian.