Revision of Argoravinia Townsend (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) of Brazil with the description of two new species Author Filho, Fernando Da Silva Carvalho Author Esposito, Maria Cristina text Zootaxa 2012 3256 1 26 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.280654 01082458-dc8e-4938-a0ee-a686fe2189d9 1175-5326 280654 Argoravinia ( Argoravinia ) alvarengai Lopes, 1976 ( Figs. 1 , 6 , 11 , 16–19 , 47 –49, 64 ) Argoravinia alvarengai Lopes, 1976 : 693 –696 (description of male, female and first instar). Type locality: Brazil , Roraima, Surumu. Pape 1996 : 175 (catalogue). Male— Length: 5−7 mm (n = 6). Head. Parafacial and fronto-orbital plate with golden or grayish microtomentum, with a row of black setulae along eye margin and many scattered setulae around reclinate fronto-orbital bristle; frontal vitta brown, reddish on anterior one-third; frons at vertex 0.33x head width; frontal row of 5–6 convergent bristles, upper one usually hairlike; one reclinate fronto-orbital bristle, proclinate fronto-orbital bristle absent; inner vertical bristle about 2.5x as long as frontal bristles; outer vertical bristle divergent and differentiated from the postocular setae; gena and postgena gray, gena with short black setae and postgena with slender and light long setae; scape and pedicel reddish, pedicel with short black setae and one long and slender seta on posterior margin, first flagellomere black with whitish microtomentum, about 3x as long as pedicel; arista plumose in basal half; palpus brown. Thorax. Dark brown with silvery grey microtomentum. Postpronotal lobe with golden microtomentum. Pleura dark-brown with golden scattered microtomentum. Spiracular fringe light-brown. Chaetotaxy: acrostichals = 0+1 (weakly differentiated), dorsocentrals = 3+4 (two posterior longer), intra-alars = 2+3, supra-alars = 2 (anterior small)+3 (median longer), postpronotals = 3, postalars = 2, notopleurals = 4, scutellum with marginal bristles = 2, apicals = 1, discals = 1, meropleurals = 5−6, katepisternals = 3 (in a line). Wing hyaline, R1 setulose in proximal half, R4+5 setulose in basal 2/3 to crossvein r-m, costal spine not differentiated, third costal sector without ventral setulae, r4+5 open. Legs black with silvery grey microtomentum on femora; fore femur with a row of long setae dorsally and ventrally, one row of anterior bristles in the middle; fore tibia with two antero-ventral bristles and one apical postero-dorsal bristle; mid femur with one row of ventral setae on basal half, one row of anterior bristles in middle and two pre-apical anterior bristles, ctenidium present; mid tibia with one anterior bristle on apical third and two postero-dorsal bristles in the middle; hind femur with a row of bristles dorsally and ventrally, a row of anterior bristles in the middle and one preapical postero-dorsal bristle; hind tibia with two anterior bristles and four setae dorsally. FIGURES 1–5. Epandrium and cercus, lateral view. 1 . Argoravinia alvarengai Lopes. 2 . Argoravinia catiae sp. nov. 3 . Argoravinia rufiventris (Wiedemann) . 4 . Argoravinia paraensis sp. nov. 5 . Argoravinia aurea (Townsend) . Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: C = cercus; E = epandrium; LA = lateral apophysis; S = surstylus. FIGURES 6–10. Postgonite and pregonite, lateral view. 6 . Argoravinia alvarengai Lopes. 7 . Argoravinia catiae sp. nov. 8 . Argoravinia rufiventris (Wiedemann) . 9 . Argoravinia paraensis sp. nov. 10 . Argoravinia aurea (Townsend) . Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: PRG = pregonite; PTG = postgonite. Abdomen. Dark brown with the usual pattern of silvery gray microtomentum ( Fig. 64 ), covered with short black setae; T1+2−3 without median marginal bristles; T4−5 with a row of marginal bristles. ST1−4 quadrangular, ST1 with short black setae, ST2−4 with long and slender light setae; ST5 with posterior arm long, divergent, with rounded apex, and with long setulae on inner lateral margin, posterior margin with a narrow, short median cleft ( Fig. 11 ). FIGURES 11–15. Fifth sternite, ventral view. 11 . Argoravinia alvarengai Lopes. 12 . Argoravinia catiae sp. nov. 13 . Argoravinia rufiventris (Wiedemann) . 14 . Argoravinia paraensis sp. nov. 15 . Argoravinia aurea Townsend. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Terminalia. Syntergosternite 7+8 very large and globulous, grayish with scattered short black setulae and three marginal bristles; epandrium reddish with short black setulae, cercus short and strongly bent backwards ( Figs. 1 , 16 ), with a short apical projection or swelling at the lateral corner of truncated apex ( Fig. 18 ), apex of cercus with a cluster of dorsal spines ( Figs. 17, 18 ), ventral surface of cercus with many scattered spines; lateral apophysis very long and narrow, covering basal portion of surstylus and lateral margin of cercus, with pointed claw-like apex ( Figs. 1 , 16 ); surstylus with narrow base and enlarged apex, with long and slender setae at apex. Pregonite very long and narrow and gently curved upward, apically bifid, with inconspicuous, pointed tip ( Fig. 6 ). Postgonite long and narrow, with apical half set perpendicular to basal half, and with a strong apical bristle on anterior margin ( Fig. 6 ). Phallus reddish; distiphallus with narrow base and enlarged apex; basal process of lateral stylus slightly sinuous; lateral plate large, folded and with apophysis ( Fig. 19 ); vesica short and membranous, V-shaped, with short and wide stem, and anterior margin very thick ( Fig. 19 ); lateral stylus long and tubular, striated at apex; median stylus very long and slender. Female —Length = 4.0−7.5 mm (n = 3). As described for male except as follows: two well developed proclinate fronto-orbital bristles; mid femur without ctenidium; T3 without marginal lateral bristle, T5 with 10 marginal bristles; T6 entire with narrow hind region and a series of marginal bristles; spiracle 6 situated in membrane and 7 within the sclerite; T8 divided into two narrow plates, without setae; ST1−2 quadrangular and covered with short setae, ST2 with four marginal bristles, two central ones stronger than laterals ( Fig. 49 ); ST3−4 oval and covered with short setae and with two strong marginal bristles ( Fig. 47 ); ST5 squared and with short setae and four strong marginal bristles ( Fig. 47 ); ST6−7 larger than other sternites, with long marginal bristles and short scattered setae on posterior half ( Figs. 47, 49 ); ST8 short, covered with short setae and long marginal bristles; hypoproct membranous and covered with short setulae and with long marginal bristles; cercus rounded, with long and short setae ( Fig. 48 ); epiproct membranous and bearing one long setula; spermathecae pyriform, strongly striated, similar to those of A. rufiventris ( Fig. 53 ). Type material examined . Paratypes : BRAZIL : Roraima : Surumu, IX.1966 , M. Alvarenga & F.M. Oliveira leg. (1 3 and 1 Ƥ, MNRJ ). FIGURES 16–19. Argoravinia alvarengai Lopes , male. 16 . Lateral apophysis and cercus, lateral view. Scale bar = 90 µm. 17 . Cercus apex, dorsal view. Scale bar = 20 µm. 18 . Cercus apex, dorso-lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm. 19 . Distiphallus, ventral view. Scale bar = 23 µm. Abbreviations: LA = lateral apophysis; LP = lateral plate; MS = median stylus; V = vesica. Additional material examined. BRAZIL : Amapá : Macapá, 28.I.2007 , sobre carcaça de porco [= on pig carcass], R. Nonato leg. (1 3, MPEG ); ibidem, 13.II.2007 (1 3, MPEG ); ibidem, 19.II.2007 (1 3, MPEG ); ibidem, 16.II.2007 (1 Ƥ, MPEG ). Pará : Vigia, Campo do Palha, 7.XII.1988 , Arm. Malaise [= Malaise trap], W. França leg. (1 3, MPEG ). Roraima : Surumu, IX.1966 , M. Alvarenga and F.M. Oliveira leg. (1 3 and 1 Ƥ, MZUSP ). Distribution. NEOTROPICAL: Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Roraima), Colombia , Trinidad & Tobago ( Trinidad ), Venezuela . Remarks . This species is similar to A. rufiventris , A. catiae and A. paraensis in having the cercus strongly bent backwards and with spines on dorsal surface. Argoravinia alvarengai differs from the other species in having a very long and narrow lateral apophysis with a claw-like apex ( Figs. 1 , 16 ). In the other three Brazilian species the apophysis is broad and short, with a rounded apex and without point ( Figs. 21 , 25 , 34 ). This is the first record from the state of Pará. Biology . Nothing is known about the biology of A. alvarengai , except that males and females have been collected on a pig carcass in a secondary forest in Macapá, state of Amapá. In the key by Carvalho and Mello-Patiu (2008) to the adults of the most common forensic species of Diptera in South America , A. alvarengai was not included. This absence may be explained by the fact that most experiments using pig carcasses were performed in southern Brazil , and A. alvarengai seems to be restricted to northern Brazil . Lopes (1976) described the first instar larva of A. alvarengai , which he obtained from females stored in alcohol.