A new family and genus of calanoid copepods (Crustacea) from the abyss of the Atlantic Ocean Author Markhaseva, Elena L. Author Schulz, Knud text Zootaxa 2009 2304 21 40 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.275327 24839fb5-a305-4235-a9ab-fa041800f539 1175-5326 275327 Family Kyphocalanidae fam. nov. Diagnosis. Female. Small copepods with very short urosome. Cephalosome anteriorly strongly bent, more or less right-angled in lateral view. Rostrum present as two short, strong points lacking filaments. Antenna basis and endopod segment 1 without setae, inner lobe of segment 2 with 3-4 setae. Mandible endopod segment 1 without setae; exopod 5-segmented. Praecoxal endite of maxillule with 3 setae; proximal basal endite without setae; distal basal endite with 1 seta. Praecoxal endites and distal coxal endite of maxilla with 2 setae each; basal endite as 1 strong spine; endopod with 8 long and thick, worm-like sensory setae. Praecoxal lobes of maxilliped syncoxa with setal formula 1,2,0, all setae transformed into worm-like sensory setae. Swimming legs as typical of Clausocalanoidea: P1 endopod 1-segmented, P2 endopod 2-segmented, and P3–P4 endopods 3-segmented. P1–P4 exopods 3-segmented. P1 exopod segment 3 with 3 medial setae, P2–P4 exopod segment 3 with 4 medial setae. P5 present, uniramous. Type genus. Kyphocalanus gen. nov. Remarks. The new family shares sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with a group of clausocalanoidean Bradfordian families including Diaixidae , Parkiidae , Phaennidae , Rostrocalanidae , Scolecitrichidae and Tharybidae . However, Kyphocalanidae is unique among all Bradfordians in possessing the following apomorphies: i) praecoxal arthrite of maxillule with 3 setae ( vs usually 9 setae or more in other Bradfordians); ii) maxilla proximal coxal endite with 2 setae ( vs 3 setae in other Bradfordians); iii) maxilla distal basal endite plus endopod with 8 very long and thick worm-like sensory setae longer than all remaining sclerotized setae of maxilla ( vs 3-6 worm-like sensory setae of moderate length present in other Bradfordians, except the male of Kirnesius Markhaseva & Semenova, 2005 (whose family placement in Phaennidae is under review) bears 8 worm-like sensory setae of slender appearance shorter than sclerotized setae of maxilla); and iv) praecoxal lobes of maxilliped with a setal formula as 1,2,0 ( vs 1,2,3; 1,2,2; 1,1,2; 1,2,1; 0,2,3; 0,2,2; 0,1,2; or 0,0,0 in other Bradfordians).