Revision of Palaearctic Idiotypa (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae, Diapriinae, Spilomicrini)
Author
Chemyreva, Vasilisa G.
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russia. diapriidas. vas @ gmail. com
Author
Notton, David G.
National Museum of Scotland, National Museums Collection Centre, 242 West Granton Road, Granton, Edinburgh, EH 5 1 JA, Scotland.
Author
Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro
Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er. circuito exterior s / n, Cd. Cd. Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacán, Mexico.
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-05-03
4966
2
127
144
journal article
6534
10.11646/zootaxa.4966.2.2
398b786d-e80a-4918-89f9-905e1fa00872
1175-5326
4736399
E76C6888-D01D-463B-8E30-951816A99296
Idiotypa
Förster, 1856
Ruthe, 1859: 123
;
Kieffer, 1905: 36
, 39; 1916: 11, 14, 49;
Kozlov 1971: 20
;
1978: 594
;
Masner & García, 2002: 16
, 17, 23–26;
Nixon, 1980: 10
, 11, 14.
Idiotypa
Förster, 1856: 122
, 125 (type species:
Psilus maritimus
Haliday, 1833: 275
, designated by
Ashmead, 1893
).
Diapria
(
Mionopria
)
Haliday, 1857: 166
, 170 (type species:
Psilus maritimus
Haliday, 1833
, by monotypy)
Neopria
Dodd, 1915: 398
, 429 (type species:
Neopria trifoveata
Dodd, 1915
, by original designation).
Eunuchopria
Szabó, 1961: 491
(type species:
Eunuchopria nitens
Szabó, 1961
, by monotypy and original designation).
Syn. n.
Diagnosis.
Length of body small to medium-sized (1.0‒3.5 mm), robust. Body often pale, reddish orange to yellow, less frequently brown to dark brown, mostly smooth, with abundant setae. Setose cushions weakly developed on postgena and pronotum; foamy structures not developed. Ocelli without semicircular groove posteriorly. Antennal shelf weakly developed; toruli separated by deep gap and not connected by carina. Clypeus not separated from supraclypeal area by epistomal sulcus. Labrum not exposed.Antenna of male 13-of female 12-segmented. Propleuron without reticulation. Posterior pronotal sulcus absent. Scutellum with three (rarely more than three) pits anteriorly. Lobe of anterior mesopleural area absent and epicnemial pit open ventrally (
Fig.18
). Mesepimeral and transpleural sulci present; mesopleural carina and matt spot on mesopleuron above mesocoxa absent. All trochantelli present. Tegula, if present, covering lateral subapical lobe of humeral complex of fore wing base only partly. Fore wing, if present, with venation distinctly exceeding basal half of wing length (stigmal vein almost perpendicular to marginal vein, postmarginal vein present). Hind wing, if present, without closed basal cell. Median and lateral grooves present on T2 and S2; S2 without setose lines. S2 without basal cushion of setae; last sternite (S6) of female equal to or shorter than S3–S5 sternites combined.
Remarks.
The examined external morphological features and DNA sequence data support the allospecificity of
Idiotypa maritima
(Haliday)
and
I. mariae
Gregor. Both
species are widely distributed in Palaearctic from West Europe to
Japan
. Examination of the type material, the
lectotype
of
I. nigriceps
Kieffer, 1909
(the same specimen also the
lectotype
of
I. nigriceps
Kieffer, 1911
), the
lectotype
of
I. rufiventris
(Thomson)
, and the
lectotype
of
I. maritima
(Haliday)
, clearly shows that these names are synonyms.
The species
Eunuchopria nitens
Szabó, 1961
, originally described in the monotypic genus
Eunuchopria
(
Szabó, 1961
)
, appears at first sight very different from
Idiotypa
, most noticeably by its aptery in both sexes, lack of ocelli, notauli, tegulae, axillae and axillar depressions; scutellum only visible as narrow transverse sclerite with only scutoscutellar sulcus between it and mesoscutum. However this is an expression of a common suite of reduction characters associated with extreme wing reduction and fossorial habits, which appears to have arisen commonly in several unrelated genera of diapriines. Similar extreme examples can be found in some undescribed species of
Idiotypa
from
Chile
and
Argentina
(
Masner & Garcia, 2002
),
Spilomicrus myrmecophilus
Nixon
(females) and
Platymischus dilatatus
Westwood
(both sexes). If these particular reductions are discounted the remaining features of
E. nitens
correspond well with diagnosis of the genus
Idiotypa
. We therefore consider
E. nitens
is simply a highly derived species of
Idiotypa
and
Eunuchopria
Szabó, 1961
is therefore a junior synonym of
Idiotypa
Förster, 1856
.
Unfortunately the diagnostic characters of the species of
Idiotypa
are not universal in all parts of the Palaearctic region. The key below works well for the fauna of Europe (including the European part of
Russia
), Siberia and Russian Far East. While antennal characters of female
I. maritima
and
I. mariae
are difficult to appreciate, in combination with characters of the mesopleural sculpture and body colour, they can be used to make reliable determinations, however in
Japan
no combination of characters is consistent for species recognition.