Revision of the polytypic electric fish Gymnotus carapo (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei), with descriptions of seven subspecies Author Albert, James S. text Zootaxa 2017 2017-08-08 4318 3 401 438 journal article 32158 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.1 8d4c68da-48ac-44d9-982b-bb2a13ed886c 1175-5326 887692 2848Cac4-F301-4A47-B6Cd-366051Ad2B5E Gymnotus carapo septentrionalis New Subspecies Figure 3 G, Tables 3 and 4 Holotype : UF 80734, 220 mm , Venezuela , Apure , Río Apure , E. dike in UNELLEZ module ( 09°55’7.26”N , 068°17’56.82”W ). Paratypes : UF 80734 (46), 165–262 mm , Venezuela , Apure , Río Apure , E. dike in UNELLEZ module ( 09°55’7.26”N , 068°17’56.82”W ). Non-Types : NRM 27717 (1), 235 mm , Colombia , Meta , Río Meta , Río Ocoa , Laguna Santa Clara , ca. 5 km S Villavicencio ( 04°09’N , 073°39’W ) . UF 26178 (39), 134–239 mm , Colombia , Meta , Río Guatiquia-Meta , Caños Negros, ca. 9 km Villavicencio on road to Puerto Porfia ( 04°09’N , 073°39’W ) . UF 33245 (1), 200 mm , Colombia , Meta , Río Meta , Río Guamal , 7 km E. Río Guayuriba , just N. Guamal ( 03°52’N , 073°45’W ) . UF 35402 (3), 148– 178 mm , Venezuela , Guarico , Río Apure , ca. 50 km N San Fernando de Apure ( 07°54’N , 067°28’W ) . UF 37030 (20), 101–176 mm , Venezuela , Apure , Río Apure , Río Guaritico , Hato El Frío ( 09°03’N , 068°20’W ) . UF 77334 (1), 173 mm , Venezuela Apure , Río Apure , Cano Caicara, ca. 30 km SW La Ye ( 07°40’N , 072°22’W ) . UF 78069 (3), 151–190 mm , Venezuela , Apure , Río Apure , 2. 3 km N San Fernando de Apure ( 07°54’N , 067°28’W ) . UMMZ 169080 (5), 46–71 mm , Trinidad & Tobago , Mayaro , Gunupia , Mt. Plaisance Village ( 10°16’N , 061°00’W ) . Description: Specimens of G. carapo from the Río Orinoco Basin in the northern Neotropics overlap substantially in morphometric and meristic PC-space with specimens from other localities ( Figures 4 , 5 , and 12). Gymnotus carapo septentrionalis is characterized by the following combination of statistically significant (p <0.01) traits when compared to the rest of the species as a whole (see Principal Components Analyses and t-tests): narrow mouth (MW 32.9%–38.7% HL, mean 35.5% vs. 32.2%–49.0%, mean 40.9% in all other subspecies), long interorbital distance (IO 35.1%–42.5% HL, mean 39.2% vs. 31.9%–44.8%, mean 37.1% in all other subspecies), deep body (BD 81.5%–96.2% HL, mean 90.1% vs. 42.7%–106.6%, mean 83.8% in all other subspecies), deep head (HD 58.0%–67.2% HL, mean 62.2% vs. 44.0%–72.4%, mean 57.9% in all other subspecies) and more pectoral-fin rays (P1R 16–17, mode 16 vs 13–17, mode 16 in all other subspecies). Distribution: Known from the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela , and the island of Trinidad ( Figure 2 B). Etymology: Subspecific epithet derived from the Latin word “ septentrionalis ”, meaning “of the North”.