Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica Author Hansson, Christer Author Smith, M. Alex Author Janzen, Daniel H. Author Hallwachs, Winnie text ZooKeys 2015 485 1 236 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124 1313-2970-485-1 F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Eulophidae Euplectrus Westwood Euplectrus Westwood, 1832. Type species Euplectrus maculiventris Westwood, 1832, by monotypy. Diplectron Dahlbom, 1857. Type species Pteromalus bicolor Swederus, 1795, by subsequent designation. Synonymized by Dalla Torre 1898 . Heteroscapus Brethes , 1918. Type species Heteroscapus ronnai Brethes , 1918, by monotypy. Synonymized by De Santis 1980b . Pachyscapha Howard, 1897. Type species Pachyscapha insularis Howard, 1897, by monotypy. Synonymized by Ferriere 1941 . Rekabia Cameron, 1904. Type species Rekabia testaceipes Cameron, 1904, by monotypy. Synonymized by Kerrich 1974 . Diagnosis. Hind tibial spurs elongate and strong (Figs 3, 424, 425), longest spur usually at least half as long as length of hind tarsus; scutellum without lateral grooves or lines of foveae (e.g. Figs 117, 120); propodeum anteromedially with a raised "cup" - triangular to semicircular, and with a complete median carina behind cup (e.g. Figs 733-738). Description. Antenna in both sexes with six flagellomeres, including a 2-segmented clava (e.g. Figs 58, 59, 63); male scape usually wider than female scape and with sensory pores that are usually confined to ventral margin, but occasionally scattered over the inner or outer lateral surface; in the latter case the scape is +/- strongly swollen (e.g. Figs 59, 726). Mandibles and palpi usually white, occasionally dark brown. Head dark and shiny, lower face usually +/- pale, pale area reaching from eye to eye (e.g. Figs 139, 140), to confined to a pale spot below toruli (e.g. Figs 37, 38); in some species the lower face is completely dark (e.g. Figs 54, 55). Lower frons smooth, upper frons with very weak reticulation (e.g. Figs 47, 50); 1-4 rows of setae close to eyes. Occipital margin rounded (e.g. Fig. 48) to carinate (e.g. Fig. 51). Mesoscutum with raised and distinct reticulation (e.g. Figs 49, 52); midlobe with a complete median carina and with three pairs of setae, two pairs close to notauli and one pair medially; each sidelobe with three strong setae close to posterior margin and with 5-18 scattered setae in front of strong setae; notauli distinct throughout. Scutellum 0.8 -1.1x as long as wide, usually convex but occasionally almost flat, with two pairs of setae close to lateral margins (e.g. Figs 49, 52). Scutoscutellar suture wide (e.g. Figs 49, 52). Axillae with very weak reticulation (e.g. Figs 49, 52). Dorsellum 0.2 x as long (medially) as wide, and 0.3 x as long as length of median propodeum, +/- flat, smooth and shiny, with (e.g. Figs 733-738) or without (e.g. Figs 741, 743) a groove or foveae along anterior margin, posterior margin with two oblong-rounded indentations laterally and medially with 2-4 (usually two) spines. Propodeum anteromedially with a triangular to semicircular cup that continues backwards as a narrow median carina (e.g. Figs 733-738) that splits into two carinae just before posterior margin of propodeum, carinae reach down to supracoxal flanges; propodeal callus with 5-15 setae. Hind tibial spurs long and strong, longest spur usually at least half as long as length of hind tarsus (Figs 3, 424, 425). Wings transparent, veins yellowish-white to yellowish-brown and setae dark brown to black; submarginal vein usually with five setae, occasionally four or six; speculum present and usually closed, very occasionally open below and towards base of wing; costal cell with 1-2 rows of setae on ventral surface, and fore margin with 0-8 setae close to marginal vein; with 13-36 admarginal setae, in 1-3 rows. Petiole black with strong sculpture, 0.5 -1.5x as long as wide, frequently longer in male. Female gaster +/- ovate to rounded (e.g. Figs 56, 62), male gaster rounded +/- triangular (e.g. Figs 125, 193). However, it should be noted that the shape and length of the gaster are affected by how the specimen has been killed and subsequently dried. Hosts and biology. Species develop as gregarious ectoparasitoids on caterpillars of several Lepidoptera families: " Arctiidae " (unconfirmed, and now a subfamily - Arctiinae - in Erebidae ), Erebidae , Euteliidae , Geometridae , Lasiocampidae (one record), Noctuidae , Nolidae , Notodontidae , Sphingidae , Tortricidae (one doubtful record) - all treated in this paper. See also chapter on "Biology" above. Distribution. Cosmopolitan ( Noyes 2014 ). Key to females.

480503	2
105241	19
505	Euplectrus zamorai Schauff
3
479720	4
104138	8
5
7
720	Euplectrus valverdei Schauff
349479	6
349352	Euplectrus wonyoungchoi Hansson, sp. n.
479484	Euplectrus paulhansoni Hansson, sp. n.
53	Euplectrus alvarowillei Hansson, sp. n.
539	Euplectrus scottshawi Hansson, sp. n.
639695	9
328431	10
493494	Euplectrus platyhypenae Howard
704705	Euplectrus edithae Schauff
338th325	Euplectrus jacklonginoi Hansson, sp. n.
100437 Euplectrus furnius th	11
431	12
90413	13
433	Euplectrus lubomirmasneri Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus furnius Walker
90413729	14
260283	16
10090	Euplectrus andydeansi Hansson, sp. n.
423413729	15
768	Euplectrus josefernandezi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus marginatus Ashmead
17
18
Euplectrus eowilsoni Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus sondrawardae Hansson, sp. n.
283	Euplectrus ninazitaniae Hansson, sp. n.
368	Euplectrus carlowae Schauff
41766270	20
162308	25
Schauff and Janzen 2001	Euplectrus rojasi Schauff
761802	21
418	Euplectrus orias Schauff
265326	22
662798	Euplectrus xiomarae Schauff
70264736770	23
70	Euplectrus andybennetti Hansson, sp. n.
264325	24
338325	Euplectrus jacklonginoi Hansson, sp. n.
273264	Euplectrus markshawi Hansson, sp. n.
308	Euplectrus iangauldi Hansson, sp. n.
162572	26
408614	27
169285	28
407408	Euplectrus ireneae Schauff
613614	Euplectrus josei Schauff
163275	29
78584	33
424	Euplectrus garygibsoni Hansson, sp. n.
425	30
757785	31
755779	32
573	Euplectrus victoriapookae Hansson, sp. n.
275	Euplectrus henrytownesi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus philwardi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus gavinbroadi Hansson, sp. n. / Euplectrus dianariasae Hansson, sp. n.
th325	Euplectrus jacklonginoi Hansson, sp. n.
th	34
79209	35
141498	45
584	Euplectrus floryae Schauff
78207	36
79209	37
45158345	41
7886	Euplectrus charlesporteri Hansson, sp. n.
207231219239	38
207	Euplectrus corriemoreauae Hansson, sp. n.
61231	39
Euplectrus jesusugaldei Hansson, sp. n.
40
689	Euplectrus junctus Gahan
6169	Euplectrus bobwhartoni Hansson, sp. n.
158345	42
45718	43
343	Euplectrus jimwhitfieldi Hansson, sp. n.
156	Euplectrus carlrettenmeyeri Hansson, sp. n.
717	Euplectrus frontalis Howard
44	44
45	Euplectrus alexsmithi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus pachyscaphus Girault
394496	46
241471	49
582	Euplectrus paulheberti Hansson, sp. n.
581	47
677	Euplectrus chapadae Ashmead
139394	48
stndrd	Euplectrus carlosarmientoi Hansson, sp. n.
stndrd	Euplectrus johnnoyesi Hansson, sp. n. / Euplectrus sydneycameronae Hansson, sp. n. (inseparable)
469or253612253469612	50
304307	52
469	Euplectrus mikesharkeyi Hansson, sp. n.
253612	51
610	Euplectrus ivonae Schauff
251	Euplectrus donquickei Hansson, sp. n.
292710usually	53
224442	62
300672	54
294712	55
775	Euplectrus pammitchellae Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus catocalae Howard
707	Euplectrus puttleri Gordh
56
57
59
294	Euplectrus hugokonsi Hansson, sp. n.
96653	58
Euplectrus ronniei Schauff
Euplectrus chrisgrinteri Hansson, sp. n.
197	Euplectrus gerarddelvarei Hansson, sp. n.
533624360	60
533	Euplectrus robbinthorpi Hansson, sp. n.
360624	61
624	Euplectrus mariae Schauff
360	Euplectrus johnheratyi Hansson, sp. n.
63
69
750	Euplectrus davidwahli Hansson, sp. n.
781or790	64
Euplectrus hansoni Schauff
65
Euplectrus mikegatesi Hansson, sp. n.
66
738	Euplectrus annettewalkerae Hansson, sp. n.
743755781	67
th	Euplectrus ronaldzunigai Hansson, sp. n.
th	68
Euplectrus charlesmicheneri Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus gavinbroadi Hansson, sp. n. / Euplectrus dianariasae Hansson, sp. n.
794	Euplectrus magdae Schauff
oror	70
782748	71
749754	74
Euplectrus daveroubiki Hansson, sp. n.
72
Euplectrus mellipes Provancher
if	73
341	Euplectrus roysnellingi Hansson, sp. n.
202	Euplectrus chrisdarlingi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus garygibsoni Hansson, sp. n.
75
76
77
Euplectrus davesmithi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus mikeschauffi Hansson, sp. n.
656	Euplectrus testaceipes (Cameron)
234546	78
79
80
Euplectrus robbinthorpi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus jjrodriguezae Hansson, sp. n.
81
84
Euplectrus anae Schauff
82
Euplectrus davidwahli Hansson, sp. n.
83
122	Euplectrus billbrowni Hansson, sp. n.
513	Euplectrus paulhurdi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus comstockii Howard
85
387387	Euplectrus johnlasallei Hansson, sp. n.
4747	Euplectrus alejandrovalerioi Hansson, sp. n.

Key to males.

59263	2
6
59	3
263726	4
Euplectrus insularis (Howard)
55	Euplectrus alvarowillei Hansson, sp. n.
263	Euplectrus eowilsoni Hansson, sp. n.
580726	5
726	Euplectrus valverdei Schauff
580	Euplectrus ronnai ( Brethes )
430481	7
47272	12
479539	8
87428	9
479	Euplectrus paulhansoni Hansson, sp. n.
539	Euplectrus scottshawi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus lubomirmasneri Hansson, sp. n.
10
Euplectrus andydeansi Hansson, sp. n.
11
698696	Euplectrus edithae Schauff
643640	Euplectrus platyhypenae Howard
66270	13
308470	14
662	Euplectrus xiomarae Schauff
70	Euplectrus andybennetti Hansson, sp. n.
760773794	15
766or772or741	17
476	Euplectrus mikesharkeyi Hansson, sp. n.
16
314314	Euplectrus iangauldi Hansson, sp. n.
622622	Euplectrus magdae Schauff
382	Euplectrus johnlasallei Hansson, sp. n.
18
140395	19
157174	36
140395	20
671711	23
741	Euplectrus carlosarmientoi Hansson, sp. n.
21
581	Euplectrus johnnoyesi Hansson, sp. n. / Euplectrus sydneycameronae Hansson, sp. n. (inseparable)
582	22
585	Euplectrus floryae Schauff
497	Euplectrus paulheberti Hansson, sp. n.
24
33
25
602715	28
675	Euplectrus catocalae Howard
26
702	Euplectrus leucotrophis Howard
27
Euplectrus frontalis Howard
Euplectrus comstockii Howard
792800	29
752795	32
715	Euplectrus puttleri Gordh
287602	30
602	Euplectrus ivonae Schauff
287565	31
565	Euplectrus anae Schauff
297	Euplectrus hugokonsi Hansson, sp. n.
246	Euplectrus donquickei Hansson, sp. n.
629 Euplectrus ronniei Euplectrus ronniei	Euplectrus mariae Schauff
646	Euplectrus testaceipes (Cameron)
361514	34
528	Euplectrus paulhurdi Hansson, sp. n.
355372	35
365765	Euplectrus johnheratyi Hansson, sp. n.
348763	Euplectrus jimwhitfieldi Hansson, sp. n.
37
42
743779	38
738742	39
178	Euplectrus charlesmicheneri Hansson, sp. n.
525	Euplectrus philwardi Hansson, sp. n.
40
41
161	Euplectrus carlrettenmeyeri Hansson, sp. n.
447	Euplectrus mikegatesi Hansson, sp. n.
106117	Euplectrus annettewalkerae Hansson, sp. n.
225236	Euplectrus davidwahli Hansson, sp. n.
43
46
Euplectrus sondrawardae Hansson, sp. n.
44
Euplectrus alejandrovalerioi Hansson, sp. n.
45
Euplectrus mikeschauffi Hansson, sp. n.
Euplectrus davidwahli Hansson, sp. n.
331	Euplectrus jacklonginoi Hansson, sp. n.
47
123412	48
49
127	Euplectrus billbrowni Hansson, sp. n.
416	Euplectrus josefernandezi Hansson, sp. n.
605	Euplectrus josei Schauff
50
574	Euplectrus victoriapookae Hansson, sp. n.
208276	51
212	Euplectrus corriemoreauae Hansson, sp. n.
195280	52
280	Euplectrus henrytownesi Hansson, sp. n.
195538	53
202745	Euplectrus chrisdarlingi Hansson, sp. n.
548780	Euplectrus robbinthorpi Hansson, sp. n.