A revision of the spider genus Zaitunia (Araneae, Filistatidae)
Author
Sergei Zonstein
Author
Yuri M. Marusik
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2016
2016-07-20
214
1
97
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2016.214
ee2ae0e8-2a06-4305-987e-e7e1fc97154a
269335
CA243C98-9461-441A-BBD9-ECBDEC103DD9
Zaitunia beshkentica
(
Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969
)
Figs 28–29
,
33
C, 42D–E, 44B
Filistata beshkentica
Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969: 376
, fig. 2 (
♀
).
Filistata beshkentica
–
Andreeva 1976: 18
, figs 10–12 (
♀
).
Zaitunia beshkentica
–
Zonstein 1990: 50
(transfer from
Filistata
).
Fig. 28.
Somatic characters and palp of
Zaitunia beshkentica
(
Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969
)
, ♂♂ from Khurshedi (
A–C
,
G–I
) and Babatagh (
D–F
). —
A
,
E
. Habitus, dorsal.
B
. Body, dorsal.
C
. Prosoma, dorsal.
D
,
F
. Habitus, doro-lateral and lateral.
G
. Palp, retrolateral.
H–I
. Same, prolateral.
Diagnosis
Males of
Z. beshkentica
are similar to those of
Z. wunderlichi
sp. nov.
but differ from them by the shape of the raised embolic keel, which terminates more abruptly (cf.
Figs 28
G–I and 32D–F), whereas females rather resemble
Z. huberi
sp. nov.
in vulval structure but differ from the latter species by the shape of the median receptacles, which are longer and tubiform (vs shorter and rounded in
Z. huberi
sp. nov.
, cf.
Figs
29
I–K, 30C–E).
Type material
Holotype
TAJIKISTAN
:
♀
,
Beshkent Valley
,
Chiluchor-Chashma
,
8 May 1965
,
E. Martynova
(depository unknown, not examined).
Material examined
(4 ♂♂, 20 ♀♀, 8 juvs)
TAJIKISTAN
:
1 ♀
,
Beshkent Valley
,
Chiluchor-Chashma
,
37°17' N
,
68°02' E
,
400 m
,
17 Apr. 1989
,
S. Zonstein
(
TAU
)
;
1 ♀
, same locality, but
19 Apr. 2015
,
S. Zonstein
(
TAU
)
;
2 ♀♀
, Tigrovaya
Balka
(Tiger Gorge),
37°08' N
,
68°17' E
,
18 Apr. 1989
,
S. Zonstein
(
TAU
)
;
1 ♂
,
2 ♀♀
, 4 juvs,
Khurshedi
,
37°09.1' N
,
68°04.2' E
,
342 m
, stony desert, chiefly under shrubs,
19 Apr. 2015
,
Y.M. Marusik
(
ZMMU
)
;
1 juv.
, foothills of
Hissar Mts
,
Varzob valley
,
10 km
N of
Dushanbe
, surroundings of
Varzob Lake
,
38°40.6' N
,
68°47.4' E
,
985 m
,
3 May 2015
,
Y.M. Marusik
(
ZMMU
)
;
1 ♂
,
Hissar Mts
,
Takob Gorge
, near
Dehmalik Village
,
38°50.8' N
,
68°54.6' E
,
805 m
,
8 May 2015
,
Y.M. Marusik
&
M. Saidov
(
TAU
)
.
Fig. 29.
Somatic characters and endogyne of
Zaitunia beshkentica
(
Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969
)
, ♀♀ from Chiluchor-Chashma (
A–B
), Babatagh (
C–F
) and Khurshedi (
G–K
). —
A
,
F–G
. Prosoma, dorsal.
B–C
,
H
. Habitus, dorsal.
D–E
. Same, lateral and dorso-lateral.
I–K
. Endogyne, dorsal.
UZBEKISTAN
:
1 ♂
,
Babatagh Mts
,
2.5 km
ESE of Mt. Zarkassa
,
1800 m
,
37°58' N
,
68°11' E
,
1 May 1995
,
S. Zonstein
(
TAU
)
;
7 ♀♀
,
1 juv.
, same data, but eastern slope of
Mt. Zarkassa
,
37°59' N
,
68°11' E
,
1800 m
(
TAU
)
;
2 ♀♀
, same data, but
37°59' N
,
68°10' E
,
2000 m
(
TAU
)
;
4 ♀♀
, 2 juvs, western foothills of
Babatagh Mts
,
Argamchi Gorge
13 km
ESE of Denau
,
38°12.8' N
,
68°03.2' E
,
630 m
,
30 Apr. 2002
,
A.V. Gromov
(
ZMMU
)
;
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
, same, eastern foothills,
Uzu
,n
6.5 km
W of Akmechet
,
38°03.2' N
,
68°14.3' E
,
1123 m
,
25 May 2003
,
L. Prendini
&
A.V. Gromov
(
AMNH
)
.
Description
Male
(Zarkassa)
HABITUS. See
Fig. 28
D–F.
BODY LENGTH. 2.95.
COLOR. Whole spider pale greyish-brownish-yellow; eye tubercle brownish-black; diffuse and narrow median line and margins of carapace light brown, as well as a weak and diffuse dorsal abdominal pattern consisting of interrupted median line anteriorly and a few transverse fasciae posteriorly.
CARAPACE (
Fig. 42
D). 1.28 long, 1.02 wide.
EYES. AME 0.07, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.09, PME 0.08, AME–AME 0.08.
PALP (
Fig. 44
B; also
Fig. 28
G–I,
♂
from Khurshedi). Femur distinctly longer than tibia; tibia less than 1.5 times wider than femur; cymbium longer than bulb; keel of embolic neck with rounded terminal end; embolus bent at right angle.
LEG MEASUREMENTS. ♂(♀)
| Femur |
Patella |
Tibia |
Metatarsus |
Tarsus |
Total |
| Palp |
0.87 (0.72) |
0.28 (0.29) |
0.74 (0.44) |
― |
0.32 (0.53) |
2.21 (1.98) |
| I |
1.95 (1.09) |
0.54 (0.48) |
1.90 (1.14) |
1.88 (1.07) |
1.33 (0.82) |
7.60 (4.60) |
| II |
1.79 (0.98) |
0.48 (0.36) |
1.49 (0.84) |
1.42 (0.79) |
1.00 (0.61) |
6.18 (3.58) |
| III |
1.58 (0.84) |
0.47 (0.33) |
1.11 (0.57) |
1.36 (0.71) |
0.78 (0.52) |
5.30 (2.97) |
| IV |
1.97 (1.22) |
0.53 (0.41) |
1.69 (0.98) |
1.92 (0.97) |
1.09 (0.60) |
7.20 (4.18) |
Female
(Chiluchor-Chashma)
HABITUS. See
Fig. 29
B.
BODY LENGTH. 4.05.
COLOUR. As in male.
CARAPACE (
Fig. 29
A). 1.36 long, 0.94 wide.
EYES. AME 0.05, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.09, PME 0.07, AME–AME 0.04.
ENDOGYNE (
Figs
29
I–K, 33C). Median receptacles diverging; both pairs with corrugated stems; lateral receptacles globular, and median receptacles subconical (wide base and thinner head); heads of median receptacles separated by 3 diameters, and bases separated by one diameter; gland pores cover tops of heads only.
Variations
Carapace length in females varies from 1.30 to 1.95. Specimens inhabiting lowland desert areas are almost uniformly pale-yellowish, with darker pattern on the body and legs very weak to absent (sometimes only metatarsi and tarsi are slightly dark, but the eye tubercle is still black). By contrast, specimens collected in foothills have typical though somewhat paler coloration, with darker median lanceolate spots on carapace and abdomen combined with weak and diffuse transverse fasciae on legs and in the posterior part of the abdomen (cf.
Fig. 29
A–H).
Ecology
Spiders were collected in desert, semi-desert and dry steppe biotopes in piedmont plains and low foothills and in the middle mountain zone with open park woods composed of
Juniperus
spp. and
Acer
spp.
Distribution
Known from western
Tajikistan
and southern
Uzbekistan
(
Fig. 49
).