Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist Author Çiçek, Erdoğan Author Fricke, Ronald 0000-0003-1476-6990 Author Eagderi, Soheil 0000-0002-1134-0356 Author Sungur, Sevil 0000-0003-4018-6375 Author Coad, Brian W 0000-0002-7232-961X Author Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid 0000-0002-5915-6574 erdogancicek@nevsehir.edu.tr text Zootaxa 2023 2023-06-16 5305 1 1 69 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1 journal article 56221 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1 c640363c-14f9-4912-8a38-2948ab4946f1 1175-5326 8048564 55EB7903-BB1A-45F9-9660-16DAF957C67A Oncorhynchus mykiss ( Walbaum, 1792 ) [I]—Rainbow trout Taxonomy. Original description: Salmo mykiss Walbaum 1792: 59 ( Kamchatka , Russia ; no types known).— Afghanistan synonyms: Salmo gairdnerii Richardson, 1836 .—Revisions: Berg (1948: 267) as Salmo mykiss ; Stearley & Smith (1993: 21) as Oncorhynchus mykiss mykiss .—Illustration: Berg (1948: 268 , fig. 155) as Salmo mykiss . Status in Afghanistan . First record from Afghanistan by Dupree (1973) ; confirmed by Coad (1981: 8 as Salmo gairdnerii ; 2014: 318).—Afghanistan materials: None. Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Afghanistan : This species is mostly cultured cold water fish. Can not be breeding in the wild water. Therefore, can find around fish farming facility are established in suitable habitats.— General distribution: North Pacific and adjacent basins; widely introduced elsewhere.—Habitat: This species occurs in various habitats, including clear, small to large rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Freshwater, brackish, marine. Economic importance. Commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Aquaculture/research. Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species). Remarks . About 500.000 fingerlings have been released into Salang and Panjsher rivers ( Coad 1981 ; Duppre 1973). This species does not reproduce naturally in the wild. It may be locally present due to specimens escaping from fish farms.