A new species of Trisecodes from the Afrotropics (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) Author Gumovsky, Alex text Zootaxa 2014 3852 5 553 561 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.5.3 629360af-f7bc-42f5-9d4a-3ae23923922d 1175-5326 251817 F3201303-1585-43B4-A7F8-04AD38DD7565 Trisecodes africanum Gumovsky , sp. n. ( Figs 1–3 ) Comparative notes . This species is similar to the type-species of the genus, T. agromyzae , but differs in having the mesosoma distinctly strigate dorsally ( Fig. 2 ) with tiny elongate ridges forming virtually linear rather than circular meshes (in contrast, the mesosoma is alveolate dorsally in T. agromyzae , Fig. 4 C), and the mesoscutum and scutellum lack a longitudinal median groove ( Fig. 2 ) (groove present in T. agromyzae , Figs 4 B, C). In addition, the scutellum has only 1 pair of setae posteriorly (3 pairs of setae in T. agromyzae ), the disc of the fore wing is darkened in its basal three-fifths ( Figs 1 E, F and 2A) as opposed to transparent in T. agromyzae ( Fig. 4 ), and the metapleuron is evenly reticulate and not clearly delimited from the propodeum (metapleuron smooth and delimited from propodeum by a broad, shallow groove in T. agromyzae ). Description . Female ( Figs 1 A, B, F and 2, 3). Length 0.70–0.85 mm . Body dark, antennae brownish, tips of all tibiae and tarsi (except for darker pretarsi) pale ( Figs 1 A, B). Wings transparent except for somewhat darker, pale brown area covering basal 3/5 (more discernible in reflected light, Fig. 1 F, and under SEM, Fig. 2 A). Veins dark brown ( Fig. 1 B). Head in dorsal view 2.5× as long as broad, in frontal view ( Fig. 3 A) 1.2× as broad as high. POL approximately 3× OOL, MDO as long as OOL and twice as long as OCL, compound eye approximately 1.66× as high as broad. Mouth opening wider than length of malar space. Inner margin of eyes subparallel. Genae nearly straight. Frons with V-shaped frontal sulcus and suture-shaped scrobal grooves. Subtorular grooves long, extending from torulus to lateral edge of mouth opening ( Figs 3 B, C). Mandibles bidentate ( Figs 3 B, F). Malar suture sulcus-like, slightly curved basally and terminally ( Fig. 3 F). Lower edge of antennal toruli situated slightly below lower eye margin ( Fig. 3 A). Upper frons and areas near frontal sulcus with strigate sculpture (similar to dorsum of mesosoma, Fig. 3 A), areas near scrobal grooves finely alveolate and lower face alutaceous with sculpture of broader meshes ( Fig. 3 B). Antenna ( Figs 3 C–E). Scape 4.5–5.0× as long as wide. Pedicel about as long as broad. F1 very transverse, ringlike, F2 and F3 somewhat longer ( Figs 3 D, E). Clava 2-segmented, its first segment subquadrate, second segment longer than wide, with terminal spine comprising approximately 1/3 length of segment ( Figs 3 D, E). All flagellar segments with curved, multiporous plate sensilla and mushroom-shaped sensilla. Multiporous plate sensilla fused to surface of respective segments in their basal 1/3 ( Figs 3 D, E). Mesosoma about 1.3× as long as broad, strigate dorsally ( Fig. 2 ). Mesoscutum about 1.8× as broad as long, scutellum slightly longer than mesoscutum and as long as broad, without a furrow in mid part. Mesoscutum with 3 pairs of setae on midlobe; posterior end of scutellum with 1 pair of setae. Axillula present as a short, blunt projection. Spur of fore tibia (calcar) short and straight, fore basitarsus with a row of 5 large and 1 small paddlelike setae ventrally. Metanotum with dorsellum appearing as a narrow reticulate bar with reticulate lateral panels. Propodeum and metapleuron not clearly separated and evenly reticulate. Lower and upper mesepimeron alutaceous, transepimeral sulcus traceable as a curved line. Fore wing approximately 1.88× as long as broad. Submarginal vein broken where subcosta meets parastigma; subcosta with 1 dorsal seta. Marginal vein approximately 1.75× as long as costal cell, slightly more than half wing breadth. Stigmal vein very short, stigma sessile, postmarginal vein mostly reduced. Disc with a line of about 13 setae originating near uncus of stigmal vein and extending apically; another line of about 25 setae originating from stigma and extending to anterior margin of fore wing; and another row of about 14 setae connecting base of parastigma with stigmal vein ( Figs 1 A, B). Basal and cubital folds complete setose (speculum closed), subcubital fold along retinaculum as a row of 6 or 7 short setae. Marginal fringe slightly longer than breadth of marginal vein in its broadest part ( Figs 1 A, B). Metasoma ( Figs 1 A, B, F, 2A) as long as or slightly longer than mesosoma; petiole reduced, transverse. Gaster about 1.4×–1.7× as long as wide. Tergite 2 with a row of 4 or 5 hairs laterally. Each of following tergites with one dorsal line of hairs. Basal end of ovipositor nearly reaching base of gaster. Cercal setae short, situated on small tubercles. Male ( Figs 1 C–E). Length 0.6–0.8 mm . All characters identical to female except antennal flagellar segments longer ( Fig. 1 D), mostly with one ring-like multiporous plate sensilla each. Fore wing infumation paler than in female, traceable in reflected light ( Fig. 1 E); marginal fringe 2–3× longer than breadth of marginal vein in its broadest part ( Fig. 1 E). Gaster rectangular in dorsal view, 1.4× as long as broad. Type material . Holotype ♀, Uganda , Semuliki National Park, N 0°50'30.77" , E 30°06'14.17" , 19.III.2013 ; semi-deciduous forest with moister areas near cut logs; altitude 670 m (A. Gumovsky) ( BMNH ). Paratypes : 2 ♂ , same data as holotype ( BMNH , RMCA ); 2 ♀, Uganda , near Najembe, Mabira forest, N 0°23'24.49" , E 33°1'5.41" , logged patch in the forest, 22-23.II.2013 (A. Gumovsky) ( BMNH , RMCA ); 3 ♂ ; Guinea (Conakry), Nimba Mountain, Gouan Camp, Gallery forest of Zie, nr. “Station de Pompage Zie”, canopy of trees, under-story shrub layer, Fogging 01, Mt Nimba, Zié forest, N 07°40'23'' W 08°22'24'' 1250 m , 3.X.2011 (A. Hernard & D. Van den Spiegel) ( RMCA ); 1 ♀, Cameroon , Nkoemvone, 30.III-19.IV.1980 (D. Jackson) ( BMNH ). Biology . Unknown. In Guinea , specimens were collected from the forest canopy by fogging. In both localities in Uganda , numerous sweepings were conducted under forest canopy, but only those in recent clearings produced specimens. It is possible that the species is normally a canopy inhabitant and the collection of specimens in lower forest levels was associated with recently felled trees. Distribution . Uganda (Semuliki forest, Mabira forest), Cameroon (Nkoemvone), Guinea (Nimba Mountain). Etymology . Named for its distribution.