Cochlostoma Jan, 1830 revised: an overview of the subgenus Turritus Westerlund, 1883 and its species (Caenogastropoda, Cochlostomatidae) Author Zallot, Enrico 365E17AD-6938-4364-A526-F1BDA2663E10 Per Ligont 1, 33070 Budoia, Italy. ezallot@gmail.com Author Kamchev, Panche 9FA2BE01-3355-4340-B57C-9E2841D5E4C2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands. panekamchev@gmail.com Author Schilthuizen, Menno 683D0AB7-CDD8-4FAA-94B6-436F3BFB8873 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands. & Taxon Expeditions, Rembrandtstraat 20, 2311 VW Leiden, the Netherlands. menno.schilthuizen@naturalis.nl Author Fehér, Zoltán E801EC76-8B1E-450B-993E-BBBE57C00EA9 WWF Hungary, Álmos vezér útja 69 / A, 1141 Budapest, Hungary. feher.zoltan.nhmus@gmail.com Author Mattia, Willy De C74A049D-9D7B-4A1F-878B-5BDFD104219F Central Research Laboratories, Burgring 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria; Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria. wdemattia@gmail.com Author Gittenberger, Edmund D786C279-FC92-4D08-AF16-F79A9705E0AE Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands. egittenberger@yahoo.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-03-21 927 1 163 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2475/11013 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2024.927.2475 2118-9773 10853688 B6E43365-FACA-49BA-8CCD-77E4BF8F0016 Cochlostoma ( T. ) sospes ( Paulucci, 1879 ) Figs 55 (orange dots), 56A–C, 62–64 Pomatias sospes Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879a: 21 . Syntypes ITALY • probably 2 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂ ; “ Pomatias sospes , Westerl., Livignano a Mosceta”; MZUF GC/9836 . Other specimens ITALY • 1- Verso Foce Mosceta (topotypical); 44.0255° N , 10.303° E ; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-82 • 2- Vagli ; 44.1102° N , 10.2894° E ; 2009; Margelli leg.; EZ0091 • 3- Val Serenaia ; 44.1339° N , 10.1973° E ; 2009; Pocaterra leg.; EZ0784 • 4- Val Serenaia ; 44.1289° N , 10.2029° E ; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-59 • 5- Foce Cardeto ; 44.1219° N , 10.2161° E ; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-61 • 6- Turrite Secca 2; 44.063° N , 10.2218° E ; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-72 • 7- Turrite Secca 4; 44.0481° N , 10.2624° E ; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-78 • 8- 1.3 km S– SW of Gorfigliano ; 44.1459° N , 10.2483° E ; 2021; Cianfanelli , Bodon , Calcagno and Vezzali leg.; MZUF-65312 . Type locality ITALY • Levigliani, Lucca, Toscana , Italy (“Livignano a Mosceta” on the label of MZUF GC/9836). Description SHELL . Moderately spaced riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch spotless with peculiar reddishyellowish hue (not evident in preserved syntypes ). Very regular ribbing with quite closely spaced ribs slightly weaker approaching aperture. Weak lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering more or less completely umbilicus. Fig. 62. Syntypes Cochlostoma ( T. ) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879 ) (“Levigliani a Mosceta”) (MZUF GC9836). Foto Simone Taglienti. MEASUREMENTS . 17 ♀♀ : whorls= 7.1–9.1, H = 6.9–9.2 mm , H/W=2.5–3, roundness =0.14–0.19, ribs incl.= 55.8–67.5°, apert. incl.= 13.4–28.4°, ribs/mm 1 st wh.= 8–16, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=7–16. FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS . As in species C . ( T .) elongatum . Remarks Cianfanelli et al . (2023) noted that a paper by Paulucci (1879a) , containing the description of this taxon, was published “before April 23 1879 ” and the one of Westerlund (1879) in which he redescribed the species on July 1 1879 . Thus, it has to be reported as C. ( T. ) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879 ). Fig. 63. Cochlostoma ( T. ) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879 ), 1- verso Foce di Mosceta, I (WP-82), assumed as topotypical. Fig. 64. Cochlostoma ( T. ) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879 ). A . 3- Val Serenaia, I (EZ-0784). B . 2- Vagli, I (EZ-1064). C . 5- Foce Cardeto, I (WP-61). D . 6- Turrite Secca 2, I (WP-72). E . 1- verso Foce Mosceta, I (WP-82). It was described as a shell “lutescenti-ferruginea, subopaca, dense oblique striata [dull reddish-brown, with inclined, narrowly spaced ribs]”. Additional note to clade B One (although not supported: PP=62; BS =64/76) subclade includes two branches with C. ( T. ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) on one side and a new species on the other, inhabiting the Karawanken Alps in Austria and Slovenia . Four other samples, part of this branch, come from the southern part of the Balkans ( Montenegro , Kosovo and Albania ). Because of insufficient data, they are reported in the Appendix as NFS018, NFS108, NFS128, NFS143. Cochlostoma ( Turritus ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) Figs 65 (cyan dots), 66A–B, 67–68 Pomatias ( Auritus ) sardous Westerlund, 1890: 96–97 ( Sardinia , Dorgali, Maltz. Ex.). Types Not seen. Other specimens ITALY • Dorgali ( Topotypical ); 40.2575° N , 9.6209° E ; 1984; RMNH leg.; RMNH-117455 • Capo Caccia ; 40.5666° N , 8.1640° E ; 2007; De Mattia leg.; WdM-6155 • Cala Fuili ; 40.2630° N , 9.62690° E ; 2009; Margelli leg.; EZ0577 • Ispingoli ; 40.1769° N , 9.5273° E ; 2007; De Mattia leg.; WdM-6141 . Type locality ITALY • Sardegna , Nuoro, Dorgali. Fig. 65. Distribution of samples of clade B part of the same branch: cyan = Cochlostoma ( T. ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) ; yellow = C. ( T. ) lacazei sp. nov. Black center for the samples with amplified 16S. Fig. 66. Shell and female genitals of samples of Clade B with amplified 16S. A . Cochlostoma ( T. ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) , Cala Fuili, I (EZ-0577). B . C. ( T. ) sardoum , Capo Caccia, I (WdM-6155). C . NFS018, Marbicit Mt, AL (HNHM-99878). D . NFS108, Lučane, HR (HNHM-92278). E . C. ( T. ) lacazei sp. nov. , Podljubelj 1, SLO (EZ-1006). F . C. ( T. ) lacazei , Trögener Klamm 1, A (NHMW- 109000/AL/00713). Fig. 67. Topotypical specimen of Cochlostoma ( T. ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) , 1- Dorgali, I, (RMNH117455). Description SHELL . Closely spaced riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch with two lines of more or less visible reddish spots on whorls. Regular, strong and often whitish ribs becoming very weak approaching aperture. Relatively strong lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering umbilicus. Whorls on average less rounded that in other species of Turritus . MEASUREMENTS . 7 ♀♀ : whorls =7.2–8.3, H = 7.9–9.7 mm , H/W=2.51–2.78, roundness=0.09–0.13, ribs incl.= 61–68°, apert. incl.= 15–18°, ribs/mm 1 st wh.= 5–15, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=6–11. FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS . Ventral connection of pedunculus of bursa copulatrix. Elongated seminal receptacle reaching dorsal side of body. Junction of uterus gland moderately far from connection between pedunculus and distal oviduct. Fig. 68. Cochlostoma ( T. ) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890 ) . A–B . 2- Capo Caccia, I (WdM-6155). C . 1- Dorgali, I (RMNH-117455). D–E . 3- Cala Fuili, I (EZ-0577). F . 4- Ispingoli, I (WdM-6141). Remarks Our specimens come either from the west or the east coast of Sardinia , but the species has been also found in the center of the island (see https://www.naturamediterraneo.com/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=26893; TOPIC_ID = 81053). The areas of the island with a limestone substrate are limited to the central east and northwest coasts and some limited areas south of the Gennargentu Mountains. The p-distance between the sample from the east (Cala Fuili) and northeast coast (Capo Caccia) is 0.5%.