Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species
Author
Kobayashi, Shigeki
0000-0002-1336-4730
crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp
Author
Johns, Chris A.
0000-0002-1749-3847
Author
Kawahara, Akito Y.
0000-0002-1749-3847
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-03-17
4944
1
1
175
journal article
7393
10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1
8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62
1175-5326
4681813
380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0
Philodoria auromagnifica
Walsingham, 1907
Figs. 7E
,
26B
,
41B, C
,
42B, C
,
43B, C
,
56C
,
61A–G
,
79H
.
Philodoria auromagnifica
Walsingham, 1907: 718
, pl. 25, fig. 20;
Swezey 1913b: 223
;
Zimmerman 1978a: 695
, figs. 461, 468, 474;
Kobayashi
et al
. (2018)
: 130
–132, figs. 2E, F, 5E–H, 6E–H, 7G, 8B, 11, 14C.
Type
locality.
mountains,
2000 ft
near
Honolulu
(Oahu)
.
Type material.
Holotype
♂, Mts.
2000 ft
near
Honolulu
,
Oahu
,
25.x.1892
, Perkins. 25857|BM slide no. 472| Walsingham Collection. 1910–427.|
NHMUK010305330
| in
NHMUK
.
Diagnosis.
Very similar to
P. succedanea
, but distinguished from it by the dark brownish orange patches and brownish orange basal patch in the forewing; a fuscous patch with dark orangish scales in the apical portion (
Fig. 7E
); in the male genitalia by the rather long valva narrowing in the middle, vinculum large, inflexed on the ventral side, broad and straight saccus (
Figs. 41B, C
,
42B, C
); in the female genitalia by signa with rather blunt spines (
Fig. 55C
) (
Kobayashi
et al
. 2018
). See also diagnosis of
P. succedanea
.
Adult
(
Fig. 7E
). Wingspan
8 mm
in
holotype
.
Male genitalia
(
Figs. 41B, C
,
42B, C
,
43B, C
,
61A–C
) and
Female genitalia
figured (
Figs. 56C
,
61G
). See also
Kobayashi
et al
. (2018)
.
Distribution.
Kauai (
Kobayashi
et al
. 2018
), Oahu (
Walsingham 1907
), Molokai (
Swezey & Bryan 1929
), and
Hawaii
(Big Island) (
Zimmerman 1978a
).
Host plants.
Primulaceae
:
Myrsine lessertiana
A. DC.
and
M. sandwicensis
A. DC. (
Johns
et al
. 2016
)
,
M. wawraea
(Mez) Hosaka (
Kobayashi
et al
. 2018
)
,
Myrsine
sp. (
Swezey 1913a
).
FIGURE 10.
Adults of
Pipturus
feeding
Philodoria
species.
A
P. costalis
Swezey, 1934
lectotype male,
B
P. pipturiella
Swezey, 1923
lectotype male, one of two cotypes (upper specimen) on the same mount,
C
Paralectotype male on the same mount as of lectotype (lower specimen),
D
P. floscula
Walsingham, 1907
lectotype female,
E
Paralectotype male,
F
P. micropetala
Walsingham, 1907
holotype female. Scale bar 1 mm.
Biology.
(
Fig. 79H
).
Kobayashi
et al
. (2018: 131
, figs. 8B, 11, 14C) reported the leaf mine and pupal cocoon.
Parasitoids.
Eulophidae
:
Euderus metallicus
(Ashmead, 1901) (
Zimmerman 1978a
)
.