Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species Author Kobayashi, Shigeki 0000-0002-1336-4730 crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp Author Johns, Chris A. 0000-0002-1749-3847 Author Kawahara, Akito Y. 0000-0002-1749-3847 text Zootaxa 2021 2021-03-17 4944 1 1 175 journal article 7393 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1 8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62 1175-5326 4681813 380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0 Philodoria haelaauensis Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara , sp. n. Figs. 11E, F , 26K, L , 39C , 44E–H , 45C, D , 46C, D , 57F , 63H , 64A–D , 74 , 84 . Philodoria pipturicola Swezey, 1915 ; Zimmerman 1978a: 709 , figs. 471, 476, 479 (Misidentification). Philodoria sp. 10; Johns et al . 2018 : fig. 2. Type locality. Haelaau (Maui). Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Haela`au (pronounced ‘Haye-La-ahoo’). Type material. (6♂, 1♀ , 7 sex unknown). Holotype ♂, Haelaau , Maui Is. , 18.xii.1928 , O.H. Swezey Collector, Pipturus , SK 718, BPBM34265 . Paratype 19 (6♂, 1♀ , 12 sex unknown): 1♂, 7 sex unknown, same data and locality as holotype , BPBM34260 , 34261 , | Philodoria pipturicola Det. By O.H. Swezey | BPBM34262 , BPBM34263 , BPBM34264 , | 1 ♂ Same date ex to Tribert, 1993| BPBM34265 , BPBM34266 , BPBM34267 . 1♂, 1♀ , 2 sex unknown, Wailuku , 2000ft , Maui , 9.xii.1922 , O.H. Swezey , Pipturus , Z-XII-19-62-23♂, Z-XII-19-62- 24♀ , BPBM34253 ; 4♂, 5 sex unknown (missing abdomen), Same data and locality, ‘♂ + ♀ genitalia on slide 99, aB Oct 15 1940 ’, SK822♂(middle), SK827♂(top middle), SK828♂(top right), BPBM34254 . Additional material. 14 (5 ♂, 6 ♀ , 3 sex unknown). Molokai : 1♀ , Kamiloloa, 19.xii.1925 , 3200ft , O.H. Swezey Collector, Pipturus , | Philodoria floscula Det by O.H. Swezey|, SK 705♀ , BPBM 34170; 1♂, Kaibalu, 2000– 3000ft , 28.vii.1928 , O.H. Swezey Collector, on Pipturus , | Philodoria floscula Det by O.H. Swezey|, SK704♂, BPBM 34171; 1♂, 1♀ , 3 sex unknown, Kamiloloa, Mol., 19.xii.1925 , 3200ft , O.H. Swezey Collector, Pipturus , BPBM 34172–34176. Maui : 1♂ 2♀ , Makawao Forest Reserve , 11& 15.i.2014 (stored), W. Haines leg., host: Pipturus rockii , 28.xii.2013 , CJ209 / PHIL0016 ♀ , CJ216 / SK 821♀ , CJ227 / PHIL0019♂ ( Fig. 74 ) in BPBM . 2♂, 2♀ , Honokohau , 9.viii.2014 (stored), K. Bustamente leg., host: Pipturus albidus , Summer. 2014 ., CJ348b / SK789♂, CJ348c / SK790♂, CJ348d / SK 791♀ , CJ348e / SK 792♀ in BPBM . Diagnosis. The forewing pattern is similar to P. pipturicola Swezey but distinguished by an oblique white patch in the middle of the forewing, that reaches the dorsal margin ( Fig. 11E, F ); male valva same width at apical half; female with spiny pyriform signa and lacking sclerotized structure at the joint of the ductus bursae and corpus bursae. The new species and P. alakaiensis both have two pairs of coremata in the male 8th segment ( Fig. 39C, D ). Swezey (1923) misidentified specimens of P. haelaauensis from Wailuku, Maui as P. pipturicola and Zimmerman (1978a : figs. 471, 476, 479) described in error that the genitalia of P. haelaauensis as those of P. pipturicola . Description: Adult ( Figs. 11E, F , 26K, L ). Wingspan 7.1 mm in holotype , 6.3–7.2 mm in paratypes ; forewing length 3.3, 3.4 mm in holotype , 2.8–3.4 mm in paratypes . Head slate grey fuscous; frons white; maxillary palpus reduced; labial palpus white, median joint slightly fuscous externally. Antenna dark fuscous. Thorax slate grey fuscous. Forewing fuscous suffused with orange patches at apical portion: an obscure cl from near base to about 2/3, apical potion bends inward; two white bands ( w 1, 2 ) on both extremities of pale blue color band ( bb 3 ) at 3/4, widest in the the middle; a large oblique ws near middle of wing, reaching dorsal margin; a large pale-bluish patch ( as ) at apex; cilia fuscous with two white spots ( a, b ) in costal cilia; Hindwing and cilia dark fuscous. Abdomen dark fuscous, white beneath. Legs fuscous, white beneath. Male genitalia ( Figs. 44E–H , 45C, D , 46C, D , 64A, B ) (n=5). Capsule about 750–800 µm . Tegumen 0.8–0.9 x length of valva; valva 530, 550 µm long, similar to pipturicola except apical half of valva not tapering at apex, almost same width in lateral view ( Fig. 44E–H ). Saccus triangular ( Fig. 45C ). Phallus 310 µm , straight in lateral view with two series of minute cornuti in vesica ( Fig. 46C, D ). Female genitalia ( Figs. 57F , 63H ) (n=3). 1250–1300 µm long. Ostium bursae large; antrum wide with a slender pair of lateral lobes; lamella antevaginalis 220–230 µm , weakly sclerotized, widening toward anterior margin of A7. Ductus bursae 600–650 µm , posterior extremity widening and membranous, and median section narrowing weakly sclerotized and flattened; terminus of ductus bursae membranous. Corpus bursae pyriform, 540–550 µm ; signum a conical plate with minutely spined surface. Distribution. Maui ( Swezey 1923 a) and Molokai: new record. Host plants. Urticaceae : Pipturus sp. ( Swezey 1923 a), P. albidus A.Gray ex H.Mann and P. rockii Skottsb. : new record. Biology. ( Fig. 84 ). Larvae form a tortuous linear to blotch mine ( Fig. 84A–D ) that expands as they feed and grow ( Fig. 84E, G ); the frass line is black. 1–5 mines per leaf. Pupation occurs in the cocoon outside of the mine, on the abaxial leaf surface; cocoon orangish brown ( Fig. 84F ).