A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea Author Chen, Xin Author He, Hai Author Zhang, Li-Bing 1 Department of Botany, College of Boology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd., Xuanwu Qu, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China 2 College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400047, P. R. China 3 Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. and Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China * Authors for correspondence: e-mails: hehaicq @ yahoo. com; libing. zhang @ mobot. org hehaicq@yahoo.com text Phytotaxa 2015 2015-10-02 229 1 448 450 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.229.1.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.229.1.1 1179-3163 13632375 18. Anisophyllea dinghoui Li Bing Zhang, Xin Chen & H.He , sp. nov. ( Figure 34 ) Type :— INDONESIA . Riouw en Ond. , Indragirische bovenlanden, Moeara Serangge , ca. 75 m , 21 September 1939 , Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb. 30096 ( holotype L-0649529!) . Diagnosis:— Anisophyllea dinghoui is most similar to A. borneensis in leaves densely glandular with glands 0.06–0.60 mm distant, but the former has leaves to 17 cm long, with main longitudinal veins flat or slightly depressed adaxially; flower unevenly fascicled on rachis, shortly pubescent outside receptacle; in contrast, the latter have leaves less than 11 cm long, with main longitudinal veins distinctly depressed adaxially; flower solitary on rachis, sparsely glandular and pubescent outside receptacle. Trees to 38 m , 60 cm in diam., boles straight, bark relatively smooth, slightly fissured; slashed inner bark brown, and exposed wood yellowish; young branches nearly glabrous, old branches dark brown when dry; buds densely pubescent at base with brownish hairs to 0.18 mm long, distally glabrous. Leaves dimorphic, internodes between similar types of leaves 1.5–4.0 cm, between two adjacent different types of leaves 6–9 mm ; small leaves caducous, only leaving scars on twigs; large leaves petiolate, petiole 3–7 mm long, 2 mm in diam., glandular; leaf blade ovate to ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, 8–17 cm long, 4–7 cm wide, base slightly oblique, acute to rounded, apex acuminate to caudate, tips up to 1.5 cm long, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, glabrous and shining on both surfaces, densely glandular (on both surfaces) with glands ca. 0.06 mm in diam. and 0.03–0.60 mm distant; main longitudinal veins 5–6, arising from blade base, middle three lateral veins bold, slightly impressed or flat adaxially, prominent abaxially, outermost two lateral veins rather fine, close to blade margins and one usually disappearing into blade margin when 6 main veins present, slightly prominent on both surfaces; transverse veins numerous, subparallel or irregular, at angles of 55–80° with midrib; veinlets tessellate and slightly prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence supra-axillary, paniculiform with branches at the base, bearing female flowers (and may also male flowers on same rachis); rachis to 7 cm long, flattened when dry, with unevenly fascicled flowers, densely pubescent with brownish hairs; flowers (incompletely known) yellow, crowded on very short lateral branches; female flowers sessile, ca. 1.5 mm long; receptacle cylindric and ±quadrangular, shortly pubescent outside; sepals deltoid, ca. 0.6 mm long; petals unknown; sterile stamens ca. 0.16 mm long; disk obscure; styles 4, subulate, ca. 0.6 mm long, exserted and apex slightly recurved, densely brownish hairy proximally. Male flowers unknown. Fruits (immature) ellipsoid, ca. 5.5 cm long, 2.5 cm in diam., with purple stripes when dry, pericarp ca. 4 mm thick. Flowering and fruiting: —Flowering time unknown; fruiting in November. Habitat and distribution: — In lowland primary forests; below 250 m . Indonesia ( North Sumatra , Riau Islands ) ( Figure 35 ) . Vernacular names: — Kalek sakam, medang lawang, sakam, Minangk . Taxonomic notes: — Anisophyllea dinghoui is similar to A. impressinervia , A. globosa , and A. borneensis , but from the former two it differs in having leaves that are often more than 7 cm long and with more densely covered glands on both surfaces, while it is distinguishable from the latter by its flowers clustered in fascicles on rachis and with short pubescence outside receptacles and by its larger leaves (to 17 cm long) with flat or slightly impressed main longitudinal veins on the upper surface. Ding Hou (1958) suggested its affinity with A. corneri , but the latter has relatively smaller leaves with main longitudinal veins obviously raised adaxially, and without glands on both surfaces. The epithet is given in honor of Ding Hou, who contributed tremendously in the tree flora of Malaysia and described this species as an unnamed species ( Ding Hou 1958 ). We only examined portion of the material cited by Ding Hou (1958) . We found some later collections referable to this species and in better condition and we selected one of them as the type . Additional specimens examined: — INDONESIA . North Sumatra : Tapanoeli Sibolga c. a. Boschgeb. Siboeng , 215 m ?, 9 May 1935 , Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 19655 ( L ) . Riau : Tigapulu Mts. , Bukit Karampal area , 5 km W of Talanglakat on Rengat-Jambi Road , 00°46’00”S 102°32’00”E , ca. 100 m , 5 November 1988 , J . S . Burley , Tukirin et al. 1455 ( L ) . Riau Islands : Riouw en Ond. , Indragirische bovenlanden, Moeara Serangge , ca. 75 m , 19 52 • Phytotaxa 229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. September 1939 , Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 30053 ( L ). Riau : Tigapulu Mts. , Bukit Karampal area , 5 km W of Talanglakat on Rengat-Jambi Road , 00°46’00”S 102°32’00”E , ca. 100 m , 5 November 1988 , J . S . Burley , Tukirin et al. 1181 ( L ) . FIGURE 34. Anisophyllea dinghoui Li Bing Zhang, Xin Chen & H.He. Leafy branch ( Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 30096 ; holotype, L- 0649529). MONOGRAPH OF ANISOPHYLLEACEAE Phytotaxa 229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 53