Re-circumscription of the mimosoid genus Entada including new combinations for all species of the phylogenetically nested Elephantorrhiza (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) Author O'Donnell, Shawn A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-7425 Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE 1 8 ST, UK shawn.odonnell@cantab.net Author Ringelberg, Jens J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-5210 Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland Author Lewis, Gwilym P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-4577 Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK text PhytoKeys 2022 2022-08-22 205 99 145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.76790 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.76790 1314-2003-205-99 4024A478048757B197E5CF8734331A9E Entada simplicata (Barneby) Sch. Rodr. & A.S. Flores, Phytotaxa 39: 47. 2012. Type . BRAZIL . Roraima , Municipality Caracarai , North Perimetral Road (BR-210) 10 km from the junction with the Manaus-Caracarai Road (BR-174), near Novo Paraiso, C.A. Cid Ferreira 9220 ( holotype : INPA; isotype: NY [NY00038703]) . Basionym. Entada polystachya var. simplicata Barneby, Brittonia 48: 175. 1996. Description. Liana or scandent shrub to 10 m. Leaves : petiole 3.7-7.7 cm long, rachis 5.8-13 cm long; pinnae 1-3 pairs per leaf, 1.6-3.7 cm long, with 1-3 pairs of leaflets; leaflets 2.5-8.3 x (1.8-)2.2-5.2 cm, obovate to broadly elliptic, apex retuse to truncate, base asymmetric, rounded to cuneate, both surfaces glabrous. Inflorescence : a terminal one-sided panicle of up-turned spikes, each spike rachis 16-26 cm long. Flowers : calyx 1-1.2 mm long, shallowly toothed; petals 2.2-3.3 mm long; stamen filaments 3.8-4.5 mm long. Fruit : a torulose, laterally compressed craspedium, 25.5-29 x 3.8-5.3 cm, with transverse septa between seeds dividing the fruit into one-seeded segments which, upon ripening, fall from the persistent replum. Seeds : elliptic, 14-20 x 9-13 mm, with pleurogram. Distribution. Brazil (Roraima State). Habitat and ecology. Open margins of wet tropical forest on rocky slopes.