Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa Author Filander, Zoleka Author Griffiths, Charles text Zootaxa 2017 4296 1 1 72 journal article 32399 10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1 ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5 1175-5326 843325 EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778 Fig. 62 A–D. Echinodiscus bifora : Gray, 1825 : 428 . Pl. XXVI. Echinodiscus biforis : A. Agassiz, 1872 : 113 . Echinodiscus bisperforatus : Döderlein, 1910 : 248 ; H.L. Clark, 1923 : 394 –395; H.L. Clark, 1925a : 170 ; Mortensen, 1948d : 406 –411. Pl. LVIII, Figs 2 , 6–8 . Pl. LXXI, Figs 6–9 , 18 ; Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976 : 243 ; Richmond, 1997 : 300 ; Branch et al ., 2010 : 236 , Fig. 106.8; Schultz, 2010 : 341 , Figs 645–646. Material examined. MBC-A 022273 ; MBC-A 022273 ; MBC-A 022274 ; MBC-A 022276 ; MBC-A 022277 ; MBC- A 022296 ; MBC-A 022302 ; MBC-A 022275 ; MBC-A023310; MBC-A077907; MBC-A077904; MBC-A077908; MBC-A077909; MBC-A077905; MBC-A077906. Identification. Test thin, fragile, highest point anterior of apical disc; apical disc with four gonopores; petals short; posteriorly truncated, two posterior slits; oral side with pressure drainage channels passing to anterior margin and to posterior slits; branching food grooves with distal side branches; spines aborally short, orally long. Live specimen uniformly purple, denuded test white. Global maximum size. Maximum test length 118 mm . Global distribution. Red Sea to South and East coasts of South Africa , Thailand , Malayan Archipelago and New Caledonia ; from littoral to 50 m ( Schultz 2010 ). Remarks. Variation within species exists in the length of slits and in shape of posterior petals.