Revision of Thai Dissomphalus Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), with description of twenty four new species Author MUGRABI, DANIELE F. Author AZEVEDO, CELSO O. text Zootaxa 2013 2013-05-22 3662 1 1 73 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3662.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3662.1.1 1175­5334 10097894 F8E5DC33-8045-4511-B046-90F59E97BD1D Dissomphalus julius Mugrabi & Azevedo , sp. nov. ( Figs 48–50 , 110, 179–182) Description. MALE. Body length 1.9 mm . LFW 1.55 mm . Maximum wing width 0.65 mm . Color. Head black; mesosoma dark castaneous; metasoma dark castaneous with castaneous spots. Head. Mandible with three apical teeth. Clypeus with median lobe trapezoidal; median tooth rounded; median carina complete apically or nearly so, straight in profile or nearly so. Ratio of first four antennal segments about 11:5:3:4. Frons strongly coriaceous, punctures small. LH 1 × WH, WF 0.63 × WH, WF 1.2 × HE, OOL 1.2 × WOT, DAO 0.3 × WOT, posterior ocelli distant from vertex crest 0.67 × DAO, frontal angle of ocellar triangle right, VOL 0.67 × HE. Vertex crest straight. Occipital carina not visible in dorsal view. Mesosoma. Pronotal disc strongly coriaceous, anterior margin ecarinate. Notauli deep, complete, evenly wide, converging posterad. Propodeal disc 0.71 × as long as wide; basal triangle rugulose, posterolateral area polished; median carina posteriorly incomplete; lateral margins straight, parallel; posterior carina well-defined, straight. Lateral of propodeum mostly weakly coriaceous. Propodeal declivity mostly imbricate. Metasoma. Tergal process with shallow, subcircular and sublateral pair of depressions; depressions 0.63 × as long as tergite II, parallel, distant each other 1.83 × maximum transverse diameter, with setae short and lateroanterad on lateral area, without pair of tubercles, with laterad tuft of setae ( Figs 48–50 ). Hypopygium with median stalk 0.93 × as long as hypopygeal plate; median stalk wide; corner of anterior margin angular; lateral stalk of hypopygium 0.27 × as long as median stalk; posterior margin weakly concave with median convexity; corner angalute (Fig. 110). apex, ventral margin slightly excavated forming a projection with apex angulate in lateral view and subangulate in dorsal view; apical margin strongly concave in ventral view, not curved. Basivolsella setose, with three thick, short and, median setae; with one long spiniform process, basal articulated, with rounded apex. Cuspis biramous. Aedeagus 1.83 × as long as wide; dorsal body of aedeagus wider medially, narrowing progressively apicad, lateral margin strongly convex medially, converging apicad, wholly slightly curved dorsad, apex with one pair of outer lobe; base of dorsal body of aedeagus weakly sclerotized, triangular, with median region angulate; ventral ramus of aedeagus as high as dorsal body, lateral margin sinuous, much wider medially and apex much narrower than base. Apodeme not extending beyond genital ring. FEMALE unknown. Material examined. Holotype , ♂ . THAILAND . Phetchabun : Khao Kho NP , Mixed deciduous forest, 16°32.561’N 101°2.479’E , 537 m , Malaise trap , 26.xii.2006 – 2.i.2007 , Somchai Chachumnan & Saink Singtong leg., T1187 . Paratypes : THAILAND . Malaise trap , Mae Hong Son : 1 ♂ , Namtok Mae Surin NP, E/ Huai Fai Kor reservoir, 19°20.616’N 97°59.3’E , 17-24.ii.2008 , Kamkoon ;A leg. T3499 . Lampang : Chae Son NP, Bunruen Kwunnui & Acharaporn Sukpeng leg., 1 ♂ Nursery , 18°49.851’N 99°28.122’E , 485 m , 1–7.xi.2007 , T2818 ; 1 ♂ Campground #3, 18°49.757’N 99°28.266’E , 487 m , 1–8.x.2007 , T2814 . Chiang Mai : 1 ♂ Doi Inthanon NP , Vachiratharn Falls , 18°32.311’N 98°36.048’E , 700 m , 15–22.vii.2006 , Y. Areeluck leg., T68 . Sakon Nakhon : Phu Phan NP , Sailom Tongboonchai leg., 1 ♂ Behind national park office, 17°3.488’N 103°58.497’E , 318 m , 17– 23.i.2007 , T1524 ; 1 ♂ Kam Hom waterfall at Haew Sin chai, 17°7.415’N 104°1.179’E , 347 m , 10–16.ix.2006 , T613 ; 1 ♂ Dry evergreen forest near house at 1567 station, 16°48.627’N 103°53.511’E 512 m , 3-9.xii.2006 , S. Kongnara leg. T1240 . Phetchabun , Nam Nao NP, Noopean Hongyothi leg. Tham Pra Laad Forest Unit, 16°44.986’N 101°27.874’E , 711 m , 1 ♂ 31.vii–7.viii.2006 , T422 , 2 ♂ 21–28.viii.2006 , T431 , 7 ♂ 14–21.viii.2006 Leng Janteab leg., T428 ; 1 ♂ Heliport , 16°43.184’N 101°35.137’E , 875 m , 25.xii.2006 – 1.i.2007 , Leng Janteab leg., T1435 ; 1 ♂ Helicopter landing ground, 16°43.113’N 101°35.134’E , 889 m , 17–24.vii.2006 , Noopean Hongyothi leg., T276 ; Khao Kho NP, Somchai Chatchumnan and Sa-ink Singtong leg., 1 ♂ Nursery , 16°52.581’N 101°8.060’E , 520 m , 26.x–2.xi.2006 , T814 ; Mix deciduous , 1 ♂ 16°39.589’N 101°8.185’E , 168 m , 26.i–2.ii.2007 , T1401 , 1 ♂ 16°39.572’N 101°8.194’E , 171 m , 26.i–2.ii.2007 , T1400 ; office, 16°39.550’N 101°8.123’E , 230 m , 1 ♂ 5–12.vii.2006 , T165 ; 16°39.550’N 101°8.134’E , 230 m , 4 ♂ 19–26.vii.2006 , T171 ; 16°39.479’N 101°8.105’E , 220 m , 3 ♂ 12–19.vii.2006 , T166 , 1 ♂ 26.vii–2.viii.2006 , T172 ; Mix deciduous near office, 1 ♂ 16°39.550’N 101°8.123’E , 230 m , 5–12.ii.2007 , T1601 ; 16°39.479’N 101°8.105’E , 260 m , 1 ♂ 5–12.ii.2007 , T1600 , 1 ♂ 12– 19.ii.2007 , T1603 ; Mixed deciduous forest at Ta Phol river , 16°32.561’N 101°2.479’E , 242 m , 12–19.xi.2006 , 1 ♂ T971 , 3 ♂ T977 ; 2 ♂ 5–12.xi.2006 , T969 , 1 ♂ 16°32.546’N 101°2.501’E , 274 m , 12–19.xi.2006 , T973 ; Mixed deciduous forest, 16°32.561’N 101°2.479’E , 537 m , 4 ♂ 26.xii.2006 , T1178 , 6 ♂ 26.xii.2006 – 2.i.2007 , T1187 ; 3 ♂ 16°32.539’N 101°2.483’E , 524 m , Pan trap , 11–12.xii.2006 , T1177 ; 16°32.546’N 101°2.501’E , 560 m , Malaise trap, 2 ♂ 19–26.xii.2006 , T1186 , 7 ♂ 26.xii.2006 – 2.i.2007 , T1189 ; Thung Salaeng Luang NP , Pine forest Gang wang nam yen, 16°35.789’N 100°52.286’E , 769 m , 1 ♂ 22–28.xii.2006 , T1285 , 1 ♂ 4–11.i.2007 , Pongpitak and Sathit leg., T1291 . Loei : Phu Kradueng NP , Forest protection unit Loei .5 ( Phakbung ), 16°50.540’N 101°41.663’E , 406 m , 2 ♂ 7–13.ii.2007 , Sutin Khonglasae leg., T1496 , 1 ♂ 13–19.ii.2007 , Wuthicahi kwanjam leg., T1499 , 4 ♂ 19–25.ii.2007 , Noo Kerdlom leg., T1502 ; 1 ♂ 16°50.463’N 101°41.687’E , 401 m , 19–25.ii.2007 , T1501 . Phitsanulok : Thung Salaeng Luang NP , 1 ♂ Deciduous Forest , 16°50.699’N 100°51.266’E , 501 m , 18– 25.iii.2007 , Pongpitak & Pranee & Sathit leg., T2390 ; 1 ♂ Mix deciduous forest, 16°50.319’N 100°51.792’E , 479 m , 1–8.ix.2006 , Pongpitak Pranee leg., T577 . Sakon Nakhon : Phu Phan NP, Dry evergreen forest near house at 1567 station, 16°48.628’N 103°53.591’E , 522 m , S. Kongnara leg. , 2 ♂ 3-9.xii.2006 , T1240 , 1 ♂ 15–22.xii.2006 , T1247 , 2 ♂ 22–29.xii.2006 , T1250 ; 1 ♂ 16°48.627’N 103°53.511’E , 512 m , 10–16.vi.2007 , Winlon Kongnara leg., T2495 ; 2 ♂ Dry evergreen forest near office, 16°48.618’N 103°53.476’E , 526 m , 9–15.xii.2006 , S. Kongnara leg., T1245 . Phetchabun : 2 ♂ , Khao Kho NP , Mixed deciduous forest at Ta Phol river , 16°32.546’N 101°2.501’E , 274 m , 19-26.xi.2006 , Somchai Chachumnan & Saink Singhtong leg., T976 . Chaiyaphum : Tat Tone NP , 1 ♂ Lawn near Sab Somboon forest unit, 16°0.792’N 101°58.472’E , 648 m , 26.xi–3.xii.2006 , Tawit Jaruphan leg., T1145 ; 1 ♂ Chaiyapoom forest fire station, 16°0.738’N 102°1.342’E , 195 m , 5–12.xii.2006 Tawit Jaruphan & Orawan Budsawong leg., T1368 ; 1 ♂ Near stream, 15°58.538’N 102°2.153’E , 280 m , 12–19.vii.2006 , T222 ; 1 ♂ Pa Hin Ngam NP, Dry evergreen next to creek, 15°40.569’N 101°26.705’E , 461 m , 19–23.xii.2006 Katae Sa-nog & Buakaw Adnafai leg., T1353 . Ubon Ratchathani : 1 ♂ Pha Taem NP , Huay Pok waterfall, 15°37.321’N 105°36.982’E , 419 m , 27.x–3.xi.2006 , Pornthip Tonsu leg., T730 . Suphanburi : Pu Toei NP , 1 ♂ Huai-Tapern /next to waterfall, 14°58.934’N 99°19.310’E , 1–7.xii.2008 , Wangkum P. leg. T3817 ; 1 ♂ Huai Mongpae /stream, 14°56.981’N 99°26.733’E , 300 m , 8-15.viii.2008 , Saunbua.L. leg. T3126 . Kanchanaburi : Khuean Srinagarindra NP , Boonnam & Phumarin leg., 1 ♂ Tha Thung-na / Chong Kraborg , 14°38.123’N 98°59.657’E , 210 m , 23– 30.x.2008 , T3471 ; 1 ♂ , Chong Kraborg , 14°29.972’N 98°53.035’E , 210 m , 28.viii-4.ix.2008 , T3430 . Nakhon Ratchasima : Khao Yai NP , 14°28.524’N 101°22.928’E , 757 m , 6 ♂ Dong Ngu How area , 26.xii.2006 – 2.i.2007 , Wirat Sook kho leg., T1312 ; Cobra zone near Fire protection office , Pong Sandao leg., 3 ♂ 5–12.vi.2007 , T2221 , 1 ♂ 26.vi–2.vii.2007 , T2230 ; Wirat Sook kho leg., 14°28.285’N 101°22.570’E , 751 m , Moist evergreen forest at Dan chang, 3 ♂ 5–12.xii.2006 , T1304 , 2 ♂ 19–23.xii.2006 , T1310 ; 1 ♂ Pong Nong Ma Khee near Km. 35, 12– 19.vi.2007 , T2225 ; 1 ♂ evergreen forest near Tiger Trail , 14°27.511’N 101°22.408’E , 760 m , 12–19.vi.2007 , T2226 ; Moist evergreen forest at Dong Suer Paan , 14°27.511’N 101°22.408’E , 760 m , Pong Sandow leg., 1 ♂ 5– 12.xii.2006 , T1305 , 3 ♂ 12–19.xii.2006 , T1308 , 2 ♂ 19–23.xii.2006 , T1311 ; Nakhon Nayok : Khao Yai NP , Moist evergreen forest near the reservoir, 14°27.119’N 101°21.482’E , 699 m , Wirat Sookkho leg., 3 ♂ 5–12.xi.2006 , T991 , 1 ♂ 12–19.xi.2006 , T994 , 4 ♂ 19–26.xi.2006 , T997 ; 7 ♂ behind Training Center 14°27.119’N 101°21.482’E , 699 m , 12–19.v.2007 , Wirat Sukho leg., T2268 ; evergreen forest near Hnong Pakchee , 14°27.119’N 101°21.482’E , 699 m , 2 ♂ 19–26.v.2007 , T2271 , 1 ♂ 26.v–2.vi.2007 , Pong Sandao leg., T2274 ; 1 ♂ Valley at entrance of Huay Pak hee, 14°27.115’N 101°21.951’E , 733 m , 26.xi–3.xii.2006 , Wirat Sookkho leg., T999 ; entrance of Hnong Pak Chee Trail , 14°27.115’N 101°21.951’E , 733 m , 1 ♂ 8–9.v.2007 Pan trap, Wirat Sukho leg., T2259 ; Malaise trap , 4 ♂ 19–26.v.2007 , Pong Sandao leg., T2270 ; Lum Ta Kong View Point , 14°25.820’N 101°23.754’E , 744 m , Wirat Sukho leg., 2 ♂ 19–26.iv.2007 , T2129 , 14°25.565’N 101°23.442’E , 726 m , 1 ♂ 12– 19.iv.2007 , Wirat Sukho leg., T2124 , 2 ♂ 26.iv–2.v.2007 , Pong Sandao leg., T2130 ; 1 ♂ Behind Headmasters House , 14°24.781’N 101°22.689’E , 770 m , 19–26.vii.2006 , T150 ; 1 ♂ Secondary forest Trail near Training Center 2, 14°24.522’N 101°22.434’E , 750 m , 5–12.ii.2007 , Wirat Sukho leg., T2242 ; 1 ♂ Nature trail insecondary moist evergreen forest, 14°24.515’N 101°22.432’E , 750 m , 19–26.viii.2006 , Pong Sandao leg., T406 ; Evergreen forest Trail near Training Center 2, 14°24.482’N 101°22.388’E , 755 m , 2 ♂ 5–12.ii.2007 , Wirat Sukho leg., T2244 , 1 ♂ 12–19.ii.2007 , Pong Sandao leg., T2247 ; 1 ♂ Nhong Ping Khao Keow , 14°23.094’N 101°23.055’E , 733 m , 19– 26.ix.2006 , Wirat Sook-kho leg., T913 ; 3 ♂ Khao Keow spirit house, 14°22.960’N 101°23.253’E , 750 m , 5– 12.ix.2006 , Pong Sandao leg., T909 ; San Jao Khaokeaw 14°22.960’N 101°23.253’E , 750 m , 1 ♂ 5–12.iii.2007 , T2102 ; 1 ♂ 12–19.iii.2007 , T2105 , 1 ♂ 26.iii–2.iv.2007 , Wirat Sukho leg., T2110 . Chanthaburi : Khao Khitchakut NP , Khao Prabaht peak/ 150 m , S of forest base, 12°50.45’N 102°9.81’E , 875 m , Suthida & Charoenchai leg., 1 ♂ 6-13.ii.2009 , T4035 , 1 ♂ , 27.ii-6.iii.2009 , T4046 ; 1 ♂ Campground / Prabaht Unit , 12°48.852’N 102°9.204’E 99 m , 7-14.vii.2008 , T2984 ; 1 ♂ 50 m , NE/ Prabaht Unit , 12°48.779’N 102°9.181’E , 107 m , 1-7.vii.2008 , T2977 . Surat Thani : 1 ♂ Khao Sok NP , Headquarter , 8°54.896’N 98°31.810’E , 115 m , 20–27.i.2009 , Pongphan leg., T3911 . Variations. Body length between 1.40 and 3.04 mm ; LFW between 1.29 and 2.05 mm ; maximum wing width between 0.57 and 0.87 mm ; carina of propodeal declivity absent; anterolateral margin of metasomal tergite II without seta; ventral surface of paramere varies between slightly to strongly divided, and apical arm truncate or rounded in lateral view. Remarks. Dissomphalus gabrus sp. nov. is similar to D. julius sp. nov. because of the following characteristics: mandible with three apical teeth; hypopygium 2.43× as wide as long, apex of median stalk truncate, posterior margin with median evagination; basivolsella with articulated projection; aedeagal dorsal body wider medially, strongly convex medially; aedeagal ventral ramus much wider medially. However, D. julius sp. nov. differs from D. gabrus sp. nov. as follows: depressions of tergal process without tubercles; genital ring sinuous, median region with inclination angle between 45 and 90º; paramere with basal region wider than basiparamere apex, ventral surface divided, apex forming straight angle with inner surface, inner surface without modifications; apex of basivolsella with one short projection; aedeagal ventral ramus as high as dorsal body; apodeme not extending beyond genital ring. Distribution. Thailand ( Mae Hong Son , Lampang , Chiang Mai , Sakon Nakhon , Phetchabun , Phitsanulok , Sakon Nakhon , Phetchabun , Ubon Ratchathani , Suphanburi , Kanchanaburi , Nakhon Ratchasima , Nakhon Nayok , Chanthaburi and Surat Thani ).