Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species Author Moctezuma, Victor B672EF02-4113-480E-B297-F0158D11DF4A Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico. abadonjvpm@hotmail.com Author Halffter, Gonzalo CF2EF74E-878A-4BC8-82A2-01F669049650 Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico. gonzalohalffter@inecol.mx text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-04-28 747 1 71 http://zoobank.org/3f0b6eaf-c616-4865-811a-414a094b590c journal article 7153 10.5852/ejt.2021.747.1333 aca67cc8-96ca-4f24-b8af-2b532ecd355c 2118-9773 4836744 3F0B6EAF-C616-4865-811A-414A094B590C Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 Figs 1F , 15 , 18G , 19G Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1978: 321 (nomen nudum). Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979: 99 , 102–105, figs 1–3, 6–8 (in part). Phanaeus halffterorum – Halffter & Edmonds 1982: 88–89 (in part). — Anduaga & Halffter 1991: 157 (in part). — Delgado-Castillo et al . 1993: 125 (in part). — Deloya et al . 1993: 21 , 39 (in part); 2014: 77 (in part). — Anduaga 2000: 125 , 130 (in part). — López-Guerrero & Halffter 2000: 241 (in part). — Arnaud 2002b: 96 (in part). — Price 2005: 197 (in part); 2007: 17, figs 52–54. — Edmonds 2006: 31–32 , 36, fig. 7 (in part). — Ceballos et al . 2009: 397 . — Edmonds & Zídek 2012: 5 (in part). — Krajcik 2006: 150 . — Moctezuma & Halffter 2017: 52 , 54–55, fig. 23 (in part). — Moctezuma et al . 2017: 113–115, 118–119, 122, 130–132, figs 1–5; 2019: 253, fig. 5. — Lizardo et al . 2017: 273 , 275, 292, fig.13 (in part). — Kohlmann et al . 2018: 69 , 81, 88–89. — Gillett & Toussaint 2020: 2 . Phanaeus ( Notiophanaeus ) halffterorum – Edmonds 1994: 2 , 8–9, 19, 39, 41, 43–44, 101, figs 211, 213, 217–218, 221 (in part); 2003: 61, 65 (in part). — Arnaud 2002b: 95 (in part). — Edmonds & Zídek 2012: 3 , 12, figs 134–135, 137, 143–147 (in part). — Lizardo et al . 2017: 272 (in part). — Kohlmann et al . 2018: 80 . — Zaragoza-Caballero et al . 2019: 43 . Type material Holotype (not studied) MEXICO • ♂ , Edmonds 1979: 99 ; State of Mexico , Temascaltepec ; CAS . Paratypes revised ( 6 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ) MEXICO – State of Mexico • 1 ♂ ; “ 5 km E Temascaltepec , Real de Arriba ( 2200 m ), 10–VII–1976 , fungus, oak-pine forest, W. D. Edmonds , P. Reyes , B. Kohlmann cols.”; IEXA • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; TAMU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; VMC • 2 ♂♂ ; “ 8 km W Temascaltepec , 2360 m , 11–VII–76 , fungus in pine-oak forest , W. D. Edmonds , P. Reyes , B. Kohlmann cols.”; TAMU • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; VMC • 1 ♂ ; “ Real de Arriba , VII–1932 , 6300 ft , México D. F. , Hinton coll., BM 1939–583 ”; TAMU . Type locality Mexico , State of Mexico , Temascaltepec. Distribution Central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, State of Mexico and Morelos ( Fig. 15 ). Remarks Mean length 17.4 mm ( 13.4–19.9 mm ). The specimens from Morelos ( Deloya et al . 1993 ) were not studied by us. This species was erroneously reported from Mexico City ( Arnaud 2002b ). This mistake is attributed to Hinton (1935) , who recorded it from Real de Arriba, Mexico D.F. Real de Arriba is actually located in the State of Mexico . Despite the fact that Moctezuma et al . (2017) split P. halffterorum and P. bravoensis , the colouration pattern of P. halffterorum remains as indicated by Edmonds (1979) , with bright metallic green or dark metallic blue specimens. In a review of the immature dung beetles of Scarabaeinae ( Edmonds & Halffter 1978 ) , the name P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1978 was published. Nevertheless, this may be considered as a nomen nudum under Article 13 of the Code ( ICZN 1999 ). Consequently, the same name was available later for the same or a different concept under Arts 21, 50; while P. halffterorum Edmonds 1979 must be considered the available authorship and date. To the original description of the male we add that the right lobe of the endophallite copulatrix is more developed than the left lobe; the right lobe ois btusely triangular; the left lobe is obtusely rectangular; the central ridge lis ess developed than the central column ( Fig. 1F ). For the female can be added that the trituberculate cephalic carina has conical, nearly aligned tubercles; the middle tubercle is more raised than the lateral tubercles; the pronotal process is trituberculate, with a posterior concavity; all the tubercles are rounded; the middle tubercle is slightly more developed and projected frontally than the lateral tubercles; the pronotal midline is distinctly impressed, with superficially impressed punctures; the pronotal surface is smooth, with almost effaced punctures.