Ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae, Oculinidae and Rhizangiidae) recorded from submarine caves in Hong Kong
Author
Lam, Katherine
Author
Morton, Brian
Author
Hodgson, Paul
text
Journal of Natural History
2008
2008-03-31
42
9 - 12
729
747
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701862724
journal article
10.1080/00222930701862724
1464-5262
5224891
Dendrophyllia gracilis
Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1848
(
Figure 1Q–R
)
Cladopsammia gracilis
Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1848:100
, Plate 1, Fig. 13
Cladopsammia gracilis
Wells, 1983
, 240–241, Plate 17, Figs 10–14
Dendrophyllia gracilis
Verrill, 1866:29
, Plate 1,
Fig. 2
, Plate 2,
Figs 2 and 2a
Dendrophyllia gracilis
Scott, 1984:87
, Plate 44A;
Cairns 1991:23
, Plate 10a, b;
Ogawa and Takahashi 1995:21
, Plate 5,
Figs 1
–12, Plate 7, Fig. 8
Description
Small bushy colonial corallum. Budding is mainly extratentacular on the corallite wall or basal coenosteum. Longer and shorter diameters of corallite up to,
9.8 mm
and
8.5 mm
, respectively;,
15 mm
in height. The single
Hong Kong
specimen consists of four main corallites joined by the dead basal colony which had been smothered by mud. Cylindrical corallites are cup-shaped and range in size from
4– 5 mm
in length and width and from
10–16 mm
in height. Septal order is hexameral and in five cycles, with a duplicate P. plan. Septal size, in a descending order, is S
1
.S
2
.S
4
.S
3
. S
3
fused with a pair of S
4
which are, in turn, fused with a pair of curving S
5
. Large corallite with deep fossa may express a triplicate P. plan. Irregularshaped spongy columella is well-developed in deep fossa. Living colony is orange.
Figure 1.
Balanophyllia
sp.
and
Dendrophyllia
sp. A
–B, calicular (longer diameter56.5 mm) and side view of four solitary corallites of
B. eguchii
(maximum height59.02 mm); C–D, calicular (longer diameter514.9 mm) and top view of a
B. ponderosa
colony (height531.3 mm); E–G, calicular (longer diameter57.8 mm) and side views of two colonies of
D. arbuscula
(colony size of F and G535.1 mm and 40.1 mm, respectively); H–I, top and side views of a small
D. arbuscula
colony (height518.2); J–L, calicular (longer diameter511.7 mm) and top views of two colonies of
D. ehrenbergiana
(height of K and L513 mm and 19.8 mm, respectively); M–N, calicular (longer diameter513.4 mm) and side view of a colony of
D. coccinea
(height527 mm); O–P, calicular (longer diameter58 mm) and side view of colony of
D. compressa
(height533.1 mm); Q–R, calicular (longer diameter59.9 mm) and four solitary corallites of
D. gracilis
(maximum height521.2 mm).
Type
locality
China
.
Distribution
Galápagos Islands (
Wells 1983
;
Cairns 1991
), Indo-West Pacific and off eastern
Australia
(
Wells 1983
),
Japan
(
Ogawa and Takahashi 1995
), Conic Island Cave,
Hong Kong
(this study) but also flat, horizontal rocks,
20–25 m
(
Scott 1984
) to
45 m
(
Verrill 1866
).