Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Coelorinchus cf. spinifer [ sensu Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920] Coelorhynchus spinifer Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920:516–519 , fig. 30 (holoype: USNM 78226 , Gulf of Tomini , Sulawesi [ Celebes ], 762 fm [ 1440 m ]). Coelorinchus spinifer : Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 ( 1 spec. , SCS , 1098 m ; first record from Taiwan).— Iwamoto et al., 2009:47–48 , fig. 4A–B (descr. of Taiwan spec.) MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 1 spec. ).— SCS : ASIZP 66748 (1, 52 HL, 180 TL), CD 322, 1098 m . DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II, 11; P i16; GR-I 2+7 (inner); GR-II 1+7 (outer); scales below midbase 1D about 7, below 2D 6; lateral line scales over distance equal to predorsal length ca. 43. Snout sharply pointed, about twice orbit diameter, 45–52% HL; anterolateral margin of snout completely supported by bone; orbit 22–23% HL, internasal width 19%, interorbital 25%, orbit to preopercle 30%, postorbital 30%, upper jaw 22%; length 1D base 1.2 times into 1D-2D interspace; underside of head almost fully covered with tiny deciduous scales. Light organ group II of Iwamoto (1990) , fossa narrow and short, not extending to pelvic-fin bases. Scales strong and prickly, spinules on body scales in 3 slightly divergent, ridgelike rows, middle row larger. Ground color brownish, blackish over abdomen, opercles, jaws, and gular and branchiostegal membranes; mouth and gill cavity black; most fins dusky, but P and V blackish, outer V ray pale. Attains at least 185 mm TL. DISTRIBUTION .— Indonesia off Sulawesi and South China Sea off Taiwan in depths of 1440 m and 1098 m , respectively. REMARKS .— Coelorinchus spinifer is among the deepest-living members of the genus; only a handful of Coelorinchus species occur at depths greater than 1000 m . The Taiwan specimen is only the second known of the species ( Iwamoto et al. 2009 ). The notably long and strong spinules on the scales, especially on the head ridges, in the holotype and Taiwan specimen, may reflect a juvenile condition. Until a larger size series is obtained, we are uncertain of its status within the genus. It is otherwise similar in most characters to C. smithi .