Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Trachonurus sentipellis Gilbert and Cramer, 1897 Figures 25A–C . Trachonurus sentipellis Gilbert and Cramer, 1897:429 ( syntypes SU 3140 and USNM 51689 ; Hawaiian Is. , 21°12ʹ00ʺN , 157°38ʹ30ʺW , Albatross sta. 3474, 375 fm [ 686 m ]).— Iwamoto , 1997:945.— Iwamoto and Merrett, 1997:551 .— Iwamoto and Williams , 1999:213 (descr., w. and se. Australia ).— Merrett and Iwamoto , 2000:775 ( 6 spec. , New Caledonia , 764–1,050 m ).— Iwamoto and Graham , 2001:495 ( 3 spec. , se Australia , 940–1130 m ).— Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 ( 7 spec. , Taiwan [ SWT , SCS ], 441–1040 m ). MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 10 spec. ).— SWT : ASIZP 64232 (2, 54.6–61.0 HL, 265+-295+ TL), CD 193, 821 m ; ASIZP 65539 (1, 59.9 HL, 305 TL), CD 134, 736– 1040 m ; ASIZP 65543 (1, 150 TL), CD 138, 441 m ; ASIZP 65544 (1, 175 TL) and ASIZP 65548 (1, 135 TL), CD 203, 634– 866 m ; ASIZP 65637 (1, 310+ TL), CD 229, 880– 1062 m . SCS : ASIZP 66150 (1, 49 HL, 250+ TL), CD 321, 954 m ; ASIZP 66743 (2, 21–32 HL, 105+-170+ TL), CD 320, 731 m. DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II,6–8; P 15–16 (rarely 18); V 7; total GR-I (inner) 11–13; scale rows below origin 2D usually 6–7, below midbase 1D 5–7; lateral line scales over distance equal to pre-1D length 26–34; scale rows between V base and gill cover 8–9; pyl. caeca 9–13, short, thick. Snout length 23–26% HL; interorbital width 26–33%; orbit diameter 27–37%; suborbital width 8–12; postorbital length 38–53%; orbit-preopercle 26–33; upper jaw 28–37%; barbel 8–11%; 1D-2D interspace 11–29%. Grooved lateral line present; body scales relatively large, coarsely covered with stout, erect spinules. Jaw teeth all small. Attains more than 31 cm TL. (Adapted from Iwamoto 1997.) DISTRIBUTION .— Hawaii, Australia , New Caledonia , and Taiwan in 441–1130 m . Specimens from Taiwan were all taken from the South China Sea in 441–1040 m ; they represent the first record of the species from the w. North Pacific. REMARKS .— Trachonurus sentipellis is closely similar to T. robinsi Iwamoto, 1997 from the Philippines , but that species shows differences in some meristic values: P rays 10–14 vs. 15–16; inner GR-I 9–11 vs. 11–13; scales below 2D origin 4–6 vs. 5–8 (usually 6–7). Also, where T. sentipellis almost invariably has V 7, in T. robinsi the count is more often 6 than 7, and the maximum size in T. robinsi probably does not exceed 25 cm , whereas T. sentipellis exceeds 31 cm .