Taxonomy of Micronectidae (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) from Vietnam, with descriptions of 11 new species Author Ha, Tuyet Ngan 568A022B-D36D-4147-8B0D-FB35B2A4D197 Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam. hatuyetngan95@gmail.com Author Tran, Anh Duc 3CB36F17-D917-4600-B888-C33B1C04259F Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam. tran.anhduc@hus.edu.vn text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-06-24 756 1 82 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.756.1407 journal article 5963 10.5852/ejt.2021.756.1407 73c0dde0-1a03-4fe2-8d13-05cd614ff3b1 2118-9773 5033010 4A60FB62-20D7-4DC9-A4EA-BCE633730111 Micronecta ( Micronecta ) vietnamica sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FFBEFA51-B20A-43BC-A91E-7EFA22350817 Figs 5J–L , 12 Diagnosis Body length 1.5–1.8. Pronotum longer than median head length. Dorsum colour pale yellowish. Hemelytron punctate, with large dark markings, sometimes indistinct ( Fig. 5J–L ). Males: fore femur with two spines on proximal third ventrally, one spine in distal third dorsally, two spines distally, one pair of long setae dorsodistally; fore tibia without spine; palar claw petaloid, apex truncate ( Fig. 12A ). Median lobe of sternite VII with angular apex and four long setae ( Fig. 12C ). Free lobe long, parallel sided, mesial angle broadly rounded, lateral angle nearly square with ten long setae ( Fig. 12D ). Left paramere: shaft broad, flat, proximal part curved, distal part nearly straight, apex rounded; basal lobe tongue-shaped ( Fig. 12F ). Right paramere: shaft slender and parallel sided proximally, distal third curved, apex narrowly rounded; pars stridens processus with ca 25 ridges ( Fig. 12E ). Etymology This new species is named after the country of the type locality. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂ ; Hanoi , Ba Vi N.P. , Khoang Xanh , Tien stream; 95 m a.s.l. ; 17 Dec. 2011 ; Q.H. Ngo and A.D. Tran leg.; TAD1127 ; ZVNU . Paratypes VIETNAM – Hanoi • 16 ♂♂ , 9 ♀♀ ; same locality data as for holotype; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; same locality data as for holotype; NHMW • 1 ♀ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Khanh Thuong , Mit stream, forest area; 80 m a.s.l. ; 17 Dec. 2011 ; Q.H. Ngo et al. leg.; TAD1124 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Minh Quang , Cai stream; 65 m a.s.l. ; 17 Dec. 2011 ; Q.H Ngo. et al. leg.; TAD1126 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Minh Quang , stream nearby Tan Vien Pagoda ; 340 m a.s.l. ; 26 Apr. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo et al. leg.; TAD1206 ; ZVNU • 1 ♀ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Minh Quang , Cai stream; 65 m a.s.l. ; 26 Apr. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo et al. leg.; TAD1207 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Khoang Xanh , Tien stream; 95 m a.s.l. ; 27 Apr. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo and A.D. Tran leg.; TAD1208 ; ZRC • 5 ♂♂ ; Ba Vi N.P. , Yen Bai , Mo stream; ca 114 m a.s.l. ; 28 Apr. 2012 ; Q.H Ngo and A.D. Tran leg.; TAD1211 ; ZVNU . – Lao Cai Prov. • 8 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Sa Pa , Seo Trung Ho stream; 22 Oct. 2012 ; N.H. Dinh et al . leg.; DNH12.05 ; ZVNU • 1 ♀ ; Sa Pa , Nam Sai , Seo Nam Sai stream 1; 24 Oct. 2012 ; N.H. Dinh et al. leg.; DNH12.09 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Sa Pa , Nam Sai , Seo Nam Sai stream 2; 24 Oct. 2012 ; N.H. Dinh et al. leg.; DNH12.10 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Sa Pa , Thanh Phu , Nam Cang stream; 26 Oct. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1359 ; ZVNU . – Cao Bang Prov. • 1 ♂ ; Ha Quang , road 203 , Truong Ha commune, stream near Kim Dong tomb ; 17 Dec. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1371 ; ZVNU • 6 ♀♀ ; Phia Oac-Phia Den N.P. , road to Quang Thanh commune , Na Leng stream; 29 Oct. 2020 ; V.V. Nguyen et al. leg.; PO20-06 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 4 ♀♀ ; Phia Oac-Phia Den N.P. , road to Quang Thanh commune , Khue Lan stream; 29 Oct. 2020 ; V.V. Nguyen et al. leg.; PO20-07 ; ZVNU . – Lang Son Prov. • 1 ♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Loc Binh , Mau Son , Khuoi Tang stream, 590 m a.s.l. ; 6 Nov. 2020 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD20-34 ; ZVNU • 12 ♂♂ , 9 ♀♀ ; Loc Binh , Mau Son , Long Dau stream; 300 m a.s.l. ; 7 Nov. 2020 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD20-36 ; ZVNU . – Phu Tho Prov. • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ban Coi , Coi stream, site 2, near bridge; 7 Jun. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1338 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Kim Thuong , Xoan stream; 28 Aug. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1343 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ban Coi , Coi stream, site 1, water from underground; 29 Aug. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1349 ; ZVNU • 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ban Coi , Coi stream, site 3, by the road to Tan Son ; 29 Aug. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1351 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , stream flows through the road, near Lang Village ; 21°5.662′ N , 104°56.236′ E ; 26 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1402 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , stream flows through the road , near Lang Village ; 21°5.662′ N , 104°56.236′ E ; 21 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1502 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , stream flows through the road , near Lang Village ; 21°5.662′ N , 104°56.236′ E ; 24 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8502 ; ZVNU • 4 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Than stream, site 2; 21°11.257′ N , 104°52.382′ E ; 28 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1415 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Than stream, site 3; 21°11.393′ N , 104°52.625′ E ; 28 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1416 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Xoan stream, near Lang Village ; 21°5.453′ N , 104°56.122′ E ; 21 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1501 ; ZVNU • 4 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Xoan stream, near its confluence with Ha Bang stream ; 21°5.303′ N , 104°57.559′ E ; 22 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1507 ; ZVNU • 3 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Xoan stream, near its confluence with Ha Bang stream ; 21°5.303′ N , 104°57.559′ E ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; 6 May 2016 , TS1607 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 8 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ha Bang stream, Ha Bang village area; 21°04.343′ N , 104°59.182′ E ; 25 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1510 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, near Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.311′ N , 104°56.202′ E ; 23 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1511 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Than stream, site 1, water flowing from the cave ; 21°11.096′ N , 104°52.587′ E ; 24 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1514 ; ZVNU • 4 ♂♂ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Than stream, site 2; 21°11.257′ N , 104°52.382′ E ; 24 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1515 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Xoan stream, near Lang Village ; 21°5.453′ N , 104°56.122′ E ; 24 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8501 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ , Xuan Son N.P. , Than stream, site 3; 21°11.393′ N , 104°52.625′ E ; 27 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8516 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Xoan stream, Xoan village area; 21°05.270′ N , 104°57.591′ E ; 23 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1509 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Xoan stream, Xoan village area; 21°05.270′ N , 104°57.591′ E ; 26 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8509 ; ZVNU • 4 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Xoan stream, Xoan village area; 21°05.270′ N , 104°57.591′ E ; 7 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1609 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 1, by the road to Tan Son ; 21°09.204′ N , 104°56.927′ E ; 27 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8517 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 1, by the road to Tan Son ; 21°09.204′ N , 104°56.927′ E ; 8 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1617 ; ZVNU • 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 2, near concrete bridge ; 21°09.130′ N , 104°56.761′ E ; 29 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1418 ; ZVNU • 6 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 2, near concrete bridge ; 21°09.130′ N , 104°56.761′ E ; 24 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1518 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 7 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 3, in front of the cave ; 21°01.190′ N , 104°56.624′ E ; 24 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1519 ; ZVNU • 15 ♂♂ , 12 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Coi stream, site 3, in front of the cave ; 21°01.190′ N , 104°56.624′ E ; 8 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1619 ; ZVNU • 4 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Tan Ong stream, 2 km from Chin Tang stream; 21°04.201′ N , 104°56.906′ E ; 22 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1504 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Tan Ong stream, 2 km from Chin Tang stream ; 21°04.201′ N , 104°56.906′ E ; 25 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8504 ; ZVNU • 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Tan Ong stream, 4 km from Chin Tang stream ; 21°04.288′ N , 104°57.271′ E ; 26 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1405 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Tan Ong stream, 4 km from Chin Tang stream ; 21°04.288′ N , 104°57.271′ E ; 22 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1505 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ha Bang stream, Ha Bang village area; 21°04.343′ N , 104°59.182′ E ; 27 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1410 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ha Bang stream, Ha Bang village area; 21°04.343′ N , 104°59.182′ E ; 25 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1510 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Ha Bang stream, Ha Bang village area; 21°04.343′ N , 104°59.182′ E ; 7 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1610 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Chieng stream, near ranger station ; 21°06.072′ N , 104°59.433′ E ; 27 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1408 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, near the foot of Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.311′ N , 104°56.202′ E ; 27 Aug. 2014 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1411 ; ZVNU • 4 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, near the foot of Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.311′ N , 104°56.202′ E ; 26 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8511 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, near the foot of Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.311′ N , 104°56.202′ E ; 7 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1611 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the first concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 5 Jun. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1332 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the first concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 21°8.398′ N , 104°56.303′ E ; 26 Aug. 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS8512 ; ZVNU • 17 ♂♂ , 14 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the first concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 21°8.398′ N , 104°56.303′ E ; 7 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1612 ; ZVNU • 3 ♂♂ , 11 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the second concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 5 Jun. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1333 ; ZVNU • 13 ♂♂ , 18 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the second concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.322′ N , 104°56.256′ E ; 23 May 2015 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1513 ; ZVNU • 14 ♂♂ , 22 ♀♀ ; Xuan Son N.P. , Lap stream, the second concrete bridge from Ngoc waterfall ; 21°08.322′ N , 104°56.256′ E ; 7 May 2016 ; T.S. Nguyen leg.; TS1613 ; ZVNU . – Hoa Binh Prov. • 4 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; Lac Son , Tu Do commune, Mu stream (upstream of Mu waterfall); 27 Aug. 2020 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD20-01 ; ZVNU . – Thanh Hoa Prov. • 1 ♀ ; Ben En N.P. , Nhu Xuan , Tan Binh , stream 300 m behind Xuan Ly ranger station ; 26 Feb. 2013 ; T.D. Pham leg.; BE1302 ; ZVNU . – Nghe An Prov. • 1 ♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem waterfall and stream , site #1; 20 Dec. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo leg.; NQH1203 ; ZVNU • 11 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem stream, site #2, ca 300 m downstream from waterfall ; 20 Dec. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo leg.; NQH1204 ; ZVNU • 8 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem stream, site #3; 20 Dec. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo leg.; NQH1205 ; ZVNU • 2 ♂♂ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem stream, site #4; 20 Dec. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo leg.; NQH1206 ; ZVNU • 5 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Con Cuong , Tung Huong Village , Khe Thoi stream; 21 Dec. 2012 ; Q.H. Ngo leg.; NQH1210 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem waterfall and stream , site #1; 18 Apr. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1310 ; ZVNU • 3 ♀♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem waterfall and stream , site #2, ca 300 m downstream from waterfall ; 18 Apr. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1311 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem stream, site #3, near visitor’s hut ; 18 Apr. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1312 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Khe Kem stream, site #6; 18 Apr. 2013 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD1315 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Kem waterfall and stream ; 30 Aug. 2020 ; A.D. Tran , P.L. Le and T.C. Nguyen leg.; TAD20-06 ; ZVNU • 2 ♀♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Kem stream, site 3, ca 1.5 km from waterfall ; 30 Aug. 2020 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD20-08 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Chat stream, tributary of Choang stream ; 1 Sep. 2020 ; A.D. Tran et al. leg.; TAD20-14 ; ZVNU • 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Pu Mat N.P. , Da Mai stream, tributary of Choang stream , near ranger post ; 1 Sep. 2020 ; A.D. Tran and T.C. Nguyen leg.; TAD20-16 ; ZVNU . – Ha Tinh Prov. • 1 ♀ ; Vu Quang N.P. , a small branch of Song Con River ; 23 Apr. 2003 ; A.D. Tran leg.; TAD0303 ; ZRC . Fig. 12. Morphological features of Micronecta vietnamica sp. nov. , ♂, paratype (ZVNU). A . Fore leg. B . Prestrigilar flap. C . Median lobe of sternite VII. D . Free lobe. E . Right paramere. F . Left paramere. Description COLOUR ( Fig. 5J–L ). Frons and vertex pale yellowish, vertex with a longitudinal brown mark medially, eyes blackish brown. Pronotum yellowish brown with a pair of dark brown transverse marks. Hemelytron hyaline light yellowish. In most of specimens: clavus bordered with dark brown mark, becoming thicker on anterior margin; corium with two dark brown marks on middle part; a dark brown mark extending towards membrane; membrane generally transculent, brownish. Some specimens collected from Cao Bang and Phu Tho with variations in colour pattern of hemelytra. In some specimens from Phu Tho Prov. ( Fig. 5K , at localities TS1510, TS1511): markings on hemelytra distinct but brighter overall, marks in middle part more fused into one large mark, and a dark mark (resembling inverted A-shape) just before membrane; membrane light coloured. In specimens from Cao Bang Prov. ( Fig. 5L ): markings on hemelytra indistinct, less contrasting against background colour of hemelytra; membrane light coloured. Venter of thorax and abdomen brownish yellow and legs pale yellow. Structural characteristics MACROPTEROUS MALES. Body length 1.63–2.16 ( holotype : 1.83), width 0.94–1.13 ( holotype : 1.08). Head width 0.68–0.77 ( holotype : 0.74). Pronotum short, about five times as wide as long (0.79: 0.16). Pronotum slightly wider than head. Synthlipsis about 1.5 times wider than posterior width of an eye (0.35: 0.24). Lengths of leg segments: fore leg: femur 0.3, tibia 0.18, pala 0.14; middle leg: femur 0.74, tibia 0.27, tarsus 0.36, claw 0.2; hind leg: femur 0.58, tibia 0.4, tarsus I 0.41, tarsus II 0.16, claw 0.04. Prestrigilar flap on segment V with a short apex ( Fig. 12B ). Strigil present. Median lobe of sternite VII, free lobe, and parameres as in diagnosis. MACROPTEROUS FEMALES. Body length 1.63–2.09, width 0.94–1.19. Head width 0.71–0.77. Pronotum about five times as wide as long (0.76: 0.16). Pronotum slightly wider than head. Synthlipsis about 1.3 times as wide as posterior width of an eye (0.33: 0.24). Lengths of leg segments: fore leg: femur 0.23, tibiotarsus 0.27; middle leg: femur 0.67, tibia 0.21, tarsus 0.36, claw 0.2; hind leg: femur 0.6, tibia 0.36, tarsus I 0.41, tarsus II 0.18, claw 0.09. Distribution Northern Vietnam : Lao Cai , Cao Bang , Phu Tho , Ha Noi , Thanh Hoa , Nghe An , Ha Tinh . Remarks This new species may be related to the group of M. anatolica , M. arcuata sp. nov. , M. acuminata sp. nov. , and M. fulvopicta sp. nov. , as it also has the elongate sub-rectangular free lobe, the broad and flat shaft of the left paramere, and the slender, distally curved shaft of the right paramere. It has strong dark pattern on the dorsum like M. fulvopicta sp. nov. , but its dark marks are usually slenderer, and the patterns on the corium are different, sometimes indistinct (see Fig. 5L ). The left paramere of M. vietnamica sp. nov. has a rather straight shaft and a trapezoid basal lobe, while in the four species mentioned above, the left paramere has a more sinuate lateral margin of the shaft and the basal lobe is either subovate or subrectangular. The right paramere of M. vietnamica sp. nov. is slenderer and strongly curved at the distal third, while that of the four species above is bent or curved at the distal fourth. In addition, the palar claw of M. vietnamica sp. nov. is much broader and has a different outline compared to that of M. anatolica , M. arcuata sp. nov. , M. acuminata sp. nov. , and M. fulvopicta sp. nov.