Review of the species in the Cyclocephala bicolor Laporte species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) Author Joly, Luis J. text Zootaxa 2009 2048 47 64 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.186485 2eec0d6a-510b-44e7-a8e3-602dc5a88838 1175-5326 186485 Cyclocephala anibali , new species Figs. 1 , 15–18, 23 , 31–32 , 40 , 48, 55–56 , 61 , 67–68, 76–77 HOLOTYPE male , ALLOTYPE female. VENEZUELA : Apure : Capanaparo, Hato Los Turpiales, 8-V- 1980 , E. Osuna ( MIZA ). PARATYPES . VENEZUELA : Apure : Fundo La Florida [ 6° 52’ 30” N , 68° 57’ 44” W ], cr. río Quitaparo, 7° 05’N , 68° 36’W , 12-13-XI-2001 , E. Osuna, 1 M, 1 F ( MIZA ). Description. Holotype male . Short, oval, moderately shiny. Brownish red, frons, except anterior part, and vertex black, elytra testaceous. Dorsal surface and pygidium glabrous; ventral pubescence sparse. Length : 11.0 mm. Clypeus ( Fig. 15 ) about 2.3 times as wide across base as long; sides straight, strongly convergent to truncate and arcuately reflexed apex; shallowly sulcate longitudinally along middle and shallowly depressed laterally before apex, in lateral view flat to slightly concave on apical half; surface finely alutaceous, with fine, discrete, shallow, punctures thinner and sparser toward apex and anterior half of sides. Frontoclypeal suture thin, bisinuate and angularly projecting posteriorly at middle. Frons : width about 2.8 times transverse diameter of eye, finely alutaceous; punctures, except on smooth longitudinal middle line, fine, confluent by pairs so they appear as transverse, stronger and not confluent posteriorly. Mandibles with external border sinuate, apex projecting externally. Maxillae ( Fig. 18 ) with galea moderately robust, with two apical, one median, and three basal teeth, the basal teeth very small and arising from a common base; stipes anteriorly projected on inner side, and with a brush of fine yellowish brown setae on apex of projection; maxillary palpi ( Fig. 23 ) moderately robust, second palpomere subcylindrical, longer than third, fourth fusiform, more than 3.0 times as long as preceding. Labium ( Fig. 17 ) with sides slightly convex on basal two-thirds, not constricted at middle of apical third; apex convex and widely emarginated at middle, and fimbriate with long, yellowish brown setae; surface almost flat, with one longitudinal series of long bristles on each side, converging towards base. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, club about 1.5 times the length of antennomeres 2–7 together. Pronotum 1.5 times as wide as long, widest near base, sides more strongly convergent to apex on anterior half; anterior border widely and arcuately projected in middle; basal angles widely rounded; basal border without marginal bead, almost uniformly arcuate, slightly more projected in central third; surface smooth ( 40X ); punctures annulate, moderately fine and dense, the distance between most punctures on disc as long as or longer than diameter of punctures, punctures gradually larger towards sides, the diameter of a puncture about 1.5 times the diameter of those on center of disc, more dense on basal angles, where the distance between most punctures is as large as or smaller than diameter of punctures; all surface also covered with numerous minute punctures ( 50X or more). Scutellum triangular, sides feebly arcuate, apex briefly rounded; punctures much finer than those of pronotal disc. Elytra 1.2 times as long as wide, arcuately widened from first quarter to middle, then rounded to apex, sutural angle well defined, but rounded; humeral and apical umbones slight; a feeble, short, elongate tumescence behind humeral umbones on external border; surface smooth, with large, shallow, annulate punctures, much smaller on sides and apex, double rows not evident, also with numerous minute punctures ( 50X or more) scattered over all the surface; sutural interstria flat, weakly elevated on apical half. Epipleura narrow, more so apically. Pygidium 1.9 times as wide as long; in posterior view the inferior borders almost straight, converging to widely and feebly convex-truncate apex at an angle of about 90°, in lateral view ( Fig. 67 ) uniformly convex, more strongly on apical half; surface smooth, shiny, with small and dense annulate punctures, distances between most punctures as large as or smaller than diameter of punctures on basal half; punctures on apical region much smaller, simple, the distances between most punctures much longer than the diameter of punctures. Protibiae ( Fig. 31 ) tridentate, short basal tooth separated from intermediate tooth by a distance 1.2 times as long as that between intermediate and anterior teeth; intermediate and anterior teeth well developed, basal tooth with its anterior border more or less perpendicular to long axis of tibiae; apical spur almost straight, surpassing apex of first tarsomere. Protarsi ( Fig. 40 ) enlarged; tarsomere 5 shorter than 1–4 together, without ventro-internal carina, ventral side with very short and very fine longitudinal striae on inner side of apex; tarsomere 4 longitudinally striate on apical third, tarsomere 3 on apical fifth; largest claw ( Fig. 48 ) wide, flattened, moderately narrowly cleft at apex, external border of small branch continuous with internal curvature of claw. Metafemur ( Fig. 55 ) 2.3 times as long as its maximum width. Metatibiae ( Fig. 55 ) robust, widened at apex, bristles on diagonal carina and apex very strong. Metatarsi subequal in length to tibiae, with first tarsomere scarcely widened towards apex, with apical bristles similar to those of apex of tibiae. Prosternal projection high, apex alutaceous, anterior part transversely oval, not externally pointed; posterior part not wider than anterior one, posterior border fimbriate with long bristles. Pronotal hypomera alutaceous, with sparse erect setae. Mesopleura, metapleura, and sides of metasternum alutaceous, with large and very dense confluent, annulate punctures; disc of metasternum smooth, with small, disperse punctures; metacoxae with punctures similar to pleurae but smaller and more disperse. Ventrites with fine, annulate, moderately dense punctures. Aedeagus : Figs. 76–77 . Allotype female . differs from the male in the following characters: punctation generally stronger; protibiae as in Fig. 32 ; protarsi slender; metafemora ( Fig. 56 ) somewhat more robust; epipleura ( Fig. 61 ) relatively wide in relation to other species in the group (see Figs. 58–60 ), gradually narrowed to beginning of second ventrite; pygidium in lateral view as in Fig. 68 . Etymology . This species is named in honor of my friend Anibal Chacón. Distribution . Venezuela . Diagnosis . Cyclocephala anibali can be differentiated from all other species in the Cyclocephala bicolor species group by the following combination of character states: Surface of clypeus finely alutaceous with discrete punctures; frontoclypeal suture posteriorly projecting angularly; antennal club about 1.5 times as long as antennomeres 2–7 together; punctures on scutellum very fine, distinctly finer than those on middle of base of pronotum; punctures on basal half of pygidium small and dense, distinctly finer on apical half; prosternal projection with anterior part not externally pointed; basal tooth of protibia not forwardly directed, its anterior border more or less perpendicular to longitudinal axis of tibia; pygidium about 1.9 times as wide as long. The aedeagus is relatively wide with apical external angles rounded Cyclocephala sarahae is very similar to C . anibali , but it can be differentiated because most punctures on clypeus are confluent, the frontoclypeal suture is sinuate, not posteriorly projecting angularly, the antennal club about 2.0 times as long as antennomeres 2–7 together, punctures on scutellum similar to those on pronotal disc, punctures on basal half of pygidium large, smaller on apical half, the prosternal projection with anterior part externally pointed, the pygidium about 2.2 times as wide as long and the aedeagus is pointed on external apical angles.