Systematic revision of the South American genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Part 1: Introduction and subgenus Praocis s. str.
Author
Flores, Gustavo E.
Author
Pizarro-Araya, Jaime
text
Zootaxa
2012
2012-06-06
3336
1
35
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3336.1.1
bbc32875-b65a-4dd1-8977-55527edd2440
1175-5326
281312
Praocis
(
Praocis
)
sanquinolenta
Gay & Solier, 1840
(
Figs. 5
,
16
,
27
)
Praocis sanquinolenta
Gay & Solier
in
Solier, 1840: 223
(rev.);
Solier, 1851: 192
(rev.);
Lacordaire, 1859: 213
;
Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1906
(cat.);
Philippi, 1887: 733
(cat.);
Gebien, 1910: 261
(cat.);
Gebien, 1938: 398
(cat.);
Blackwelder, 1945: 523
(cat.);
Kulzer, 1958: 16
(rev.);
Peña, 1966: 429
(cat.);
Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73
;
Flores
, 2007: 411
(lectot.);
Pizarro-Araya
et al.
, 2008: 273
(list).
Praocis audouini
Solier, 1840: 222
(rev.);
Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1905
(cat.);
Philippi, 1887: 731
(cat.);
Gebien, 1910: 260
(cat.);
Gebien, 1938: 398
(cat.);
Blackwelder, 1945: 522
(cat.);
Kulzer, 1958: 15
(rev.);
Peña, 1966: 429
(cat.);
Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73
;
Flores
, 2007: 411
(syn. & lectot.). Synonymy by
Flores
, 2007: 411
.
Redescription.
Length 5.0–9.0 mm. Body black to dark brown, antennae and legs dark brown. Head. Clypeus and frons with round punctures each with a central seta; antennae reaching midpoint of lateral margin of pronotum; antennomere 9 longer than wide, with apical tomentose sensory patches arranged in two areas close dorsally; antennomere 10 wider than antennomere 11. Thorax. Pronotum widest behind midpoint; disc and lateral quarters with fine golden setae; punctures of disc same size as punctures of elytron; width of anterior margin exceeding half the width of posterior margin; lateral quarters flat, dorsal surface of lateral margin bearing a row of long golden setae; posterior angles right, apex rounded (
Fig. 16
); prosternum horizontal, with edge on anterior margin broadened below gula; prosternal process subrectangular forming a right angle, not produced backwards (as in
Fig. 12
); prosternum and mesosternum with protuberances. Elytron lacking carinae, with four grooves bearing fine, golden setae, intervals flat, grooves wider than intervals; dorsal surface with short golden setae; the inner groove runs from apex of elytron reaching only the posterior third, not surpassing the midpoint of elytron towards anterior, parallel with the inner groove of the other elytron, the second groove runs from apex of elytron surpassing the midpoint of elytron, reaching the anterior third, the third and fourth (outer) grooves are very close together and run over lateral margin from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior (
Fig. 16
); pseudopleuron with long setae arising on protuberances; epipleuron with short setae arising on protuberances, bearing a row of setae on the edge of anterior quarter. Legs. Ventral surface of meso– and metafemora with a row of setae on posterior edge. Inner surface of meso– and metatibiae with long, fine setae. Metatibiae curved outward. Male genitalia. Rods of sterna IX close to each other at basal third. Basal lamina of tegmen equal width throughout, with base concave. Lateral styles of tegmen with proximal margin ventrally concave, widest at base, with setae on distal 1/5 of ventral surface. Median lobe long (L/T> 1), distally broadened, with apical aperture large and apex acute. Female genitalia. Paraprocts long (2.0 <P/C
≤
3.0); baculi of coxite horizontal; proctigeral baculus equal to length of paraproct baculus; apicodorsal lobe of proctiger extending about ¼ length of coxite.
Type
material.
Lectotype
of
Praocis sanquinolenta
: [sanqui-/nolenta] [
Praocis
/
sanquinolentus
/ Sol./ Coquimbo] [
P
.
sanquinolentus
/ Gay et Sol./ Coquimbo] [Type] [
Praocis
/
sanquinolenta
Sol.
/ Type de Solier/ Col. Marseul/ C. Girard det. 1975] [Lectotypus/
Praocis sanquinolenta
/ Gay et
Solier, 1840
/ Des.
G.
Flores
2005
] (
MNHN
).
One
paralectotype
same data as lectotype, plus a label: [
sanquinolenta
Sol.
223, 4
Chili
] below the label [Type] (
MNHN
).
FIGURES 15−20.
Habitus in dorsal view. 15.
Praocis
(
Praocis
)
costata
; 16.
P.
(
P.
)
sanquinolenta
; 17.
P.
(
P.
)
bicentenario
sp. nov.
, holotype; 18.
P.
(
P.
)
hirtella
; 19.
P.
(
P.
)
subsulcata
; 20.
P.
(
P.
) marginata
.
FIGURES 21−26.
Habitus in dorsal view. 21.
Praocis
(
Praocis
)
elliptica
; 22.
P.
(
P.
)
spinolai
; 23.
P.
(
P.
)
medvedevi
sp. nov.
, holotype; 24.
P.
(
P.
)
aenea
; 25.
P.
(
P.
)
tibialis
; 26.
P.
(
P.
) parva
.
FIGURE 27.
Geographical distribution of four species of
Praocis
(
Praocis
)
:
P.
(
P.
)
costata
,
P.
(
P.
)
quadrisulcata
,
P.
(
P.
)
sanquinolenta
, and
P.
(
P.
)
subsulcata
.
Note:
Flores
(2007: 411)
designated
lectotype
.
Lectotype of
Praocis audouini
: [Museum Paris/
Chili
/
Gaudichaud
1833] [
Praocis audouini
/ Sol.
] [Type] [Lectotypus/
Praocis audouini
/
Solier
, 1840/ Des.
G.
Flores
2005
] (
MNHN
)
.
Three
paralectotypes
same data as lectotype (
MNHN
)
.
Note:
Flores
(2007: 411)
designated
lectotype
and
paralectotypes
.
Other material examined.
CHILE
.
Atacama Region
:
Huasco Province
:
Carrizal Bajo
,
09.x.1989
, 1 (
LEULS
).
Coquimbo Region
:
Elqui Province
:
Quebrada de Honda
,
40 km
N
La Serena
,
2.xi.1951
,
R. Wagenkneght
, 1 (
FMNH
),
x.1952
,
R. Wagenkneght
, 1 (
FMNH
),
Cuesta Buenos Aires
,
x.1992
,
S. Roig
, 1 (
IADIZA
),
Caleta de Hornos
,
5.iii.2005
,
J. Pizarro-Araya
4 (
LEULS
),
Punta de Teatinos
,
3.xi.2002
,
J. Pizarro-Araya
1 (
LEULS
),
Peñuelas
,
22.iii.1943
,
R. Wagenkneght
, 1 (
FMNH
),
Coquimbo
,
13.xi.1964
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
FMNH
),
La Herradura
,
13.xi.1964
,
L.E. Peña
, 3 (
FMNH
),
La Pampilla
,
15.viii.1969
,
L. Álvarez
, 1 (
FMNH
),
Guayacán
,
2.ii.1967
,
L.E. Peña
, 5 (
FMNH
),
8.ix.1968
,
Cekalovic
, 2 (
FMNH
),
Lagunillas
,
4.ix.1947
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
FMNH
),
ix.1990
,
H. Vásquez
, 15 (
LEULS
),
2.iv.1990
,
H. Vásquez
, 1 (
LEULS
),
9.iii.1956
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
FMNH
),
Herradura a Guanaqueros
,
3.ix.1947
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
FMNH
),
Guanaqueros
,
6.xi.1980
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
FMNH
),
9.i.1984
,
A. Roig
, 6 (
IADIZA
),
10.i.1984
,
S. Roig
, 2 (
IADIZA
),
25.x.1992
,
S. Roig
, 1 (
IADIZA
),
23.i.1998
,
G. Castillo
, 2 (
IADIZA
),
18 (
LEULS
),
Terrazas
de
Guanaqueros
,
14.viii.1999
.,
J. Pizarro-Araya
, 1 (
LEULS
),
Tongoy
,
25.xi.1954
, 1 (
FMNH
),
16.ix.1964
,
H. Moyano
, 1 (
FMNH
),
20.iv.1955
,
L.E. Peña
, 1 (
LEULS
),
E
Lengua de Vaca
,
25.vi.1955
,
L.E. Peña
, 2 (
FMNH
).
Limarí Province
:
P.N. Fray Jorge
,
4.v.1991
,
H. Vásquez
, 2 (
LEULS
),
Talinay
,
vi.1968
,
L.E. Peña
, 2 (
FMNH
),
29.x.1965
,
L.E. Peña
, 5 (
FMNH
).
Geographic distribution.
Chile
(Atacama Region: Huasco Province to Coquimbo Region: Limarí Province), in the Coquimbo biogeographic province.