New Pieza Evenhuis (Diptera, Mythicomyiidae, Mythicomyiinae) from Northeast Brazil Author Mendes, Luanna L. Author Lamas, Carlos J. E. Author Evenhuis, Neal L. Author Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco text Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-04 4629 1 1 25 journal article 26306 10.11646/zootaxa.4629.1.1 b58b4f66-4e7e-4141-9ec9-3e381ebe57be 1175-5326 3268253 A8E9B9F1-4CC4-4BF9-81B0-36B1729BCC1B Pieza silvanae Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira, sp. nov. ( Figs 52–60 ) Diagnosis. Mesonotum yellow to pale yellow on the supra-alar area and elliptical prescutellar area ( Fig. 53 ). Pseudo-surstylus convergent, tapered toward apex with three strong setae in ventral and posterior views ( Figs 56, 59 ). Gonostylus elongate, slender and sinuous, base triangular in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ). Description of holotype male ( Fig. 52 ). Body length: 1.14 mm. Wing length: 1.0 mm. Head. Eyes separated at vertex by approximately 2.0X distance between posterior ocelli. Ocellar triangle dark brown, subshiny. Frons dorsal ⅓ brown, ventral ⅔ dark yellow, brown on median depression; setae yellow, small, lateral; face yellow. Pro- boscis dark to dark brown, about ¼ longer than length of head; oral cavity yellow, brown on margin. Postcranium dark brown, postgena yellow, subshiny, pruinosity dense, sparse on median occipital sclerite, setae brown, sparse. Antenna broken, flagellomere lost. Thorax. Mesonotum subshiny, sparsely pruinose, setae yellow, erect and sparse; mesonotum yellow to pale yellow on the supra-alar area and prescutellar elliptical area ( Fig. 53 ); prealar and notopleural setae absent. Scutellum yellow, brown medially, with sparse yellow setae. Pleura yellow on the proepimeron, dorsal and posterior margin of anepisternum, dorsal ¼ of katepisternum, posterior margin of anepimeron and about dorsal ½ of meron ( Fig. 54 ); posteroventral ⅓ of katepisternum shiny, glabrous. Legs ( Fig. 52 ). Forecoxa yellow, infuscated brown on anterodorsal surface, mid and hind coxae yellow. Femora light brown to brown, distal ¼ yellow. Tarsi yellow, tarsomeres II−V dark brown. Wing ( Fig. 55 ). Hyaline; costal vein ending at ⅓ proximal distance between veins R 4+5 and M 1 ; vein R 2+3 arising from Rs at approximately 60° angle, crossvein m-m indistinct, contiguous with end of cell dm. Halter yellow, knob infuscated brown posteriorly. Abdomen. Brown to dark brown, subshiny; tergites without visible shiny areas; setae yellow, longer on tergites IV−VII; tergite I without yellow on posterolateral margin, tergites II−VII with pale yellow band on posterior margins. Sternites brown, each with yellow band on posterior margins. Terminalia. Epandrium rounded, entirely setose in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ), subtriangular, ventral margin about 2.0X longer than dorsal margin, anterior margin slightly sinuous in lateral view ( Fig. 57 ); epandrium with outer and inner margins rounded in posterior view ( Fig. 59 ). Pseudo-surstylus convergent, tapered toward apex and with 3 strong setae in ventral and posterior views ( Figs 56, 59 ). Cercus oval, dorsal region weakly sclerotized, ventral region strongly sclerotized, setae concentrated on inner margin in posterior view ( Fig. 59 ), projecting posteriorly ( Fig. 57 ). Ejaculatory apodeme subequal in length to anterior arm of parameral sheath, more heavily sclerotized on longitudinal axis; medial arms subquadrate tapering proximally, maximum length subequal to width in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ), anterior end oval, slightly curved dorsally, ventromedial projection rounded directed posteriorly, apex truncate in lateral view ( Fig. 57 ). Lateral ejaculatory process strongly sclerotized basally, slightly sinuous in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ), curved posteriorly in lateral view ( Fig. 57 ). Phallus funnel-shaped, anterior margin concave with wide median notch in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ); basiphallus about 1.25X length of distiphallus in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ), distiphallus simple with only one apical opening. Anterior arm of parameral sheath with distal ½ almost 2.0X wider than proximal ½ in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ), sclerotization stronger on inner margin. Gonocoxite subrectangular, anterior margin rounded laterally, posterior margin sinuous with small spiny posterolateral projections, setae concentrated on lateromedial region in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ); gonocoxite concave and slender, setae on ventrolateral margin in anteroventral view ( Fig. 58 ); ventral margin rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 57 ). Gonostylus elongate, slender and sinuous, base triangular in ventral view ( Fig. 56 ). Female. Similar to male, except for the postcranium more densely pruinose; sternites yellow. Genitalia ( Fig. 60 ). Genital fork V-shaped strongly sclerotized, sinuous, anterior projection rectangular; hyaline plate with weakly sclerotized digitiform lateral projections, posterior margin rounded. Common duct indistinct, basal plate sclerotized. Sperm pump robust, about 3.0X longer than its maximum width, caliciform, translucent. Proximal spermathecal duct about 2.0 to 3.0X thicker than distal; distal spermathecal duct about 20.0X longer than proximal, translucent. Valve indistinct. Spermathecal reservoir strongly sclerotized, brown, slightly sinuous, about ½ length of sperm pump, glandular trichomes at proximal and distal ends. Variation (n = 2). Body length: 1.14–1.20 mm. Wing length: 1.0–1.1 mm. Frons sometimes almost entirely brown, with yellow margins. Male paratype with first flagellomere longer than wide, second flagellomere subequal in length to maximum width of first flagellomere. Mesonotum with submedian antero-mesonotal triangular mark, yellow, evanescent. Etymology. The specific epithet honors Maria Silvana S. S. Pereira, mother of the first author. FIGURES 52–60. Pieza silvanae sp. nov. 52, habitus male, holotype ; 53, mesonotum, dorsal view; 54, pleura; 55, male wing; 56, male terminalia, ventral view; 57, male terminalia, lateral view; 58, gonocoxite, anteroventral view; 59, epandrium and cerci, posterior view; 60, female genitalia. Scale 0.01 mm. Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ : Brazil , MA[= Maranhão ] , Carolina , PARNA [=Parque Nacional] Chapada das Mesas , Riacho Sucuruiu , 240 m , 07°07′05.6″S , 47°18′31.6″W / Armadilha Malaise , 01–10.viii.2013 , J.A. Rafael , F. Limeira-de-Oliveira , T.T.A. Silva , cols./ MYTH 112 / Holotype ♂ Pieza silvanae Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira ( CZMA ) . PARATYPES : same data as holotype, MYTH 11 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA ) ; idem / MYTH 89 (pinned: 1♀ CZMA ) ; idem / MYTH 141 ( 1♀ CZMA ) ; idem / MYTH 142 ( 1♀ CZMA ) . idem , 20–31.viii.2013 / MYTH 88 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA ) . Geographical record. This species is known only from the Brazilian state of Maranhão ( Fig. 69 ), where the type series was collected in the Cerrado biome. Remarks. Pieza silvanae sp. nov. differs from the other species from Brazil in having pseudo-surstylus with 3 strong setae at apex ( Fig. 56 ) (apex of pseudo-surstylus without strong setae in the other species, Figs 5 , 14 , 22 , 31 , 39 , 47 , 65 ).