Taxonomy and distribution of Abrawayaomys (Rodentia: Cricetidae), an Atlantic Forest endemic with the description of a new species Author Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J. Author Teta, Pablo Author D’Elía, Guillermo text Zootaxa 2009 2128 39 60 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.188290 87c65fec-36de-48ac-9d60-dd89c81bc06b 1175-5326 188290 Abrawayaomys Cunha and Cruz, 1979 Type species . Abrawayaomys ruschii Cunha and Cruz, 1979 :2. Included species . Currently, Abrawayaomys is considered monotypic (see Musser and Carleton, 2005 ). However, as discussed below, we found morphological differences that allow describing a new species for Argentinean populations. In addition, specimens from Minas Gerais ( Brazil ) display a unique set of morphological traits that suggests the existence of a third species. Emended diagnosis . Medium sigmodontine rodents (total length range 200 ~ 290 mm , condilobasal length range 27 ~ 29 mm ) with robust head, rounded small ears, and tail from slightly shorter to moderately larger than combined head and body length; dorsal pelage fully intermixed with grooved spiny hairs; dorsal and ventral pelage colors weakly delimited; rigid tail hairs arranged in sets composed by 5 hairs per scale; short apical tail tuft normally present; pes long with dense ungual tufts longer than claws, short claws, and six plantar pads; skull robust, rounded in outline with short and blunt rostrum, flared zygomatic arches, and inflated braincase; short nasals tapering distally; interorbital region hourglass to partially anteriorly convergent; coronal suture U-shaped; reduced interparietal; large foramen magnum; short incisive foramina; short palate; anterior margin of mesopterygoid fossa rounded, typically without sphenopalatine vacuities; carotid circulatory pattern complete (pattern 1; Voss, 1988 ); broad and high zygomatic plate; upper incisors narrow but noticeably deep and varying from slightly opisthodont to proodont; small brachyodont molars with main cusps slightly alternate; M1 pentalophodont type with anteromedian flexus barely present and reduced mesoloph fused with paracone; M3 reduced, uniradiculate, and cylindrical in outline; dentary with retromolar fossa enlarged and short angular process; stomach hemiglandular-unilocular. Distribution ( Fig. 1 ). Abrawayaomys is known from the Brazilian coastal forests, from northeastern to southeastern regions, from Bahia to Rio de Janeiro and from Paraná-Paraíba interior forest in northeastern Argentina . No fossil of Abrawayaomys is known.